本文關(guān)鍵詞： 低塔斜拉橋 地震 時域疊加法 反應(yīng)譜擬合 耗能減震 鋼阻尼器 振動臺試驗　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大跨徑橋梁作為交通樞紐和生命線工程,一旦在地震中遭到破壞,可能導(dǎo)致的生命財產(chǎn)以及間接經(jīng)濟損失將會非常巨大。因此,大跨徑橋梁選擇合理的抗震體系,并進行正確的抗震分析,對確保大橋抗震安全具有非常重要的意義。本文結(jié)合目前斜拉橋抗震性能研究的現(xiàn)狀,以一低塔斜拉橋——榕江大橋為工程背景,進行了如下研究工作:1、介紹了地震動輸入的基本理論,總結(jié)概括了人工地震波的比例幅值法、傅立葉幅值調(diào)整法、時域疊加法。時域疊加法保留了實際加速度記錄的全部相位特性和時變頻譜特性,對原始地震動修改最小,在大多數(shù)情況下,可保留輸入記錄的非平穩(wěn)特性和保持原始地震動的自然積分關(guān)系,是一種比較精確的方法。2、提出了擬合反應(yīng)譜的基于時域疊加的窄帶時程反演構(gòu)造法。該法在頻域內(nèi)通過單自由度體系的穩(wěn)態(tài)反應(yīng)推導(dǎo)出窄帶時程與反演輸入時程之間的關(guān)系式,擬合后的人工波反應(yīng)譜與目標反應(yīng)譜非常吻合,擬合精度較高。以榕江大橋為工程背景,利用這一新方法對5條天然地震波記錄進行疊加擬合調(diào)整,使它們具有相同的目標反應(yīng)譜,并進行了非線性時程分析。本方法可供同類橋梁抗震設(shè)計參考。3、在研究鋼阻尼器耗能減震機理的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了橋梁用鋼阻尼滑板支座,探討其在常規(guī)橋梁上耗能減震的可行性;提出并探討了鋼阻尼器與速度鎖定器串聯(lián)的方案應(yīng)用于斜拉橋上耗能減震的可行性。研究結(jié)果表明,鋼阻尼器在常規(guī)橋梁和斜拉橋上均具有良好的耗能減震作用,是可行的。4、針對榕江大橋主跨380m低塔混合梁斜拉橋方案,提出了提高斜拉索體系豎向剛度及減小主梁軸壓力的準輻射形斜拉索布置方式,把斜拉索集中錨固在塔頂。整體鋼錨室集中錨固方式具有獨創(chuàng)性,而且該措施能延長結(jié)構(gòu)縱飄振動周期,減小結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力地震響應(yīng)。5、以榕江大橋為工程背景,對比研究了塔梁墩固結(jié)體系(RS體系)和半飄浮體系(FS體系)的動力特性及地震反應(yīng),分析結(jié)果表明半飄浮體系的抗震性能比固結(jié)體系優(yōu)越、合理。并在此基礎(chǔ)上從斜拉橋減震的機理出發(fā),提出了榕江大橋的縱橫向減震方案,通過參數(shù)敏感性分析,確定了縱向粘滯阻尼器、鋼阻尼器以及橫向鋼阻尼器的合理參數(shù)。6、對榕江大橋進行縮尺比1:20的全橋模型振動臺模型試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明,本文提出的順橋向采用粘滯阻尼器、橫橋向采用鋼阻尼器的耗能減震體系能有效地減小關(guān)鍵點的位移及關(guān)鍵截面的應(yīng)變,且隨著地震動的增加,減震效果越明顯。
[Abstract]:As a transportation hub and lifeline project, long span bridges may result in huge loss of life and property and indirect economic losses once they are damaged in earthquake. Therefore, long span bridges choose a reasonable seismic system. The correct seismic analysis is of great significance to ensure the seismic safety of the bridge. This paper takes a low tower cable-stayed bridge-Rong River Bridge as the engineering background, combined with the current research situation of the seismic performance of the cable-stayed bridge. The following research work is carried out: 1. The basic theory of earthquake input is introduced, and the proportion amplitude method and Fourier amplitude adjustment method of artificial seismic wave are summarized. Time domain superposition method. The time domain superposition method preserves all the phase characteristics and time-varying spectrum characteristics of the actual acceleration records and minimizes the modification of the original ground motion. In most cases, The non-stationary nature of the input record and the natural integral relationship of the original ground motion can be preserved. It is a more accurate method .2.A narrow band time-history inversion method based on time-domain superposition is proposed to fit the response spectrum. The relationship between narrow-band time-history and inverse input time-history is derived by steady-state response of single-degree-of-freedom system in frequency domain. The fitted artificial wave response spectrum is in good agreement with the target response spectrum, and the fitting accuracy is high. Taking the Rong River Bridge as the engineering background, this new method is used to superposition and adjust the 5 natural seismic wave records. They have the same target response spectrum and nonlinear time-history analysis. This method can be used as a reference for the seismic design of similar bridges. On the basis of studying the energy dissipation mechanism of steel dampers, a steel damping slide bearing for bridges is designed. The feasibility of energy dissipation and shock absorption on conventional bridges is discussed, and the feasibility of applying steel dampers and velocity lockers in series to cable-stayed bridges is discussed. Steel dampers have good energy dissipation and seismic absorption on both conventional bridges and cable-stayed bridges. It is feasible. 4. Aiming at the main span 380m low tower hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge of Rong River Bridge, In this paper, a quasi-radiative cable arrangement is proposed to improve the vertical stiffness of the cable system and reduce the axial pressure of the main beam. The cable is concentrated anchored on the top of the tower, and the centralized anchoring mode of the integral steel anchor chamber is original. Moreover, this measure can prolong the longitudinal floating vibration period of the structure and reduce the seismic response of the internal force of the structure. Taking the Rongjiang Bridge as the engineering background, the dynamic characteristics and seismic response of the tower, girder and pier consolidation system (RS system) and the semi-floating system (FS system) are comparatively studied. The analysis results show that the seismic performance of the semi-floating system is superior to that of the consolidation system and is reasonable. Based on the mechanism of seismic absorption of cable-stayed bridge, the longitudinal and transverse seismic absorption scheme of Rongjiang Bridge is put forward, and the sensitivity analysis of parameters is carried out. The reasonable parameters of longitudinal viscous dampers, steel dampers and transverse steel dampers are determined. The full-bridge model shaking table model tests at 1:20 scale ratio of Rongjiang Bridge are carried out. The test results show that viscous dampers are used in the forward direction of the proposed bridge. The energy dissipation system with steel dampers can effectively reduce the displacement of key points and the strain of key sections, and the more obvious the effect is with the increase of ground motion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442.55;U448.27

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