本文關(guān)鍵詞： 交通擁堵 交通需求 公交優(yōu)先 定制公交　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,城市機動化水平的顯著增加,以致于交通需求與供給之間產(chǎn)生了越來越顯著的矛盾。為了從根本上緩解城市交通問題,使公共交通得以優(yōu)先發(fā)展是現(xiàn)在各大城市用于緩解交通問題的有效途徑之一。各大城市的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀已表明,現(xiàn)有的公交優(yōu)先策略,如新增公交數(shù)量、擴大地鐵規(guī)模以及降低出行票價等措施仍然不能有效地吸引小汽車擁有者改乘公共交通方式出行,而且會引發(fā)更多的交通出行需求,導(dǎo)致交通愈發(fā)擁堵。對于限制機動車出行的一些措施,如限行、限購以及增加停車收費等策略也并沒有達到預(yù)期效果。工作日的上下班時間由于較高比例的私人小汽車出行,成為最擁堵的時期,控制私家車的出行比例是吸引小汽車擁有者改乘公共交通出行的關(guān)鍵。對于目前的公共交通而言,車內(nèi)比較擁擠,乘車的環(huán)境差,舒適度低,所以不能有效地吸引私家車主。公交優(yōu)先與公交優(yōu)秀是息息相關(guān)的,隨著物質(zhì)生活質(zhì)量的不斷提高,人們對交通出行需求日趨多樣化,對出行條件的訴求愈發(fā)“苛刻”。因此,公交優(yōu)先應(yīng)該致力于公交優(yōu)秀,而且公交優(yōu)秀又能夠促進公交優(yōu)先,使公交優(yōu)先政策得以落實。定制公交是介于普通公交和私人小汽車之間的一種新興交通方式,它能更好地滿足通勤者多層次、多樣化的出行需求,尤其能夠有效地吸引私家車主,從而有效地提高道路使用效率,使交通擁堵問題得到緩解。本文首先分析現(xiàn)有的交通狀況,對目前公交優(yōu)先的技術(shù)措施及政策措施進行有效性評價,得出現(xiàn)在的公共交通服務(wù)質(zhì)量并不能滿足人們多元化、多層次的交通需求,從而提出由“公交優(yōu)秀”帶動“公交優(yōu)先”的發(fā)展策略。定制公交是公交優(yōu)秀的發(fā)展產(chǎn)物,通過對其特征、優(yōu)勢進行概述,從而了解定制公交。通過對定制公交的運營情況進行研究,得出現(xiàn)有定制公交的不足之處,從而在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出定制公交模式下公交優(yōu)先的策略,除了提升定制公交的運營服務(wù)水平外,還提出了針對二線城市或者非高收入人群開通定制公交,并通過模型分析策略實施的可行性。為以后定制公交模式下公交優(yōu)先策略的實施提供了理論與數(shù)據(jù)支撐。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the level of urban motorization has increased significantly, resulting in a more and more significant contradiction between traffic demand and supply. The development of public transport is one of the effective ways to alleviate the traffic problems in the major cities. The development situation of the major cities has shown that the existing bus priority strategy, such as the number of new public transport. Such measures as expanding the size of the subway and reducing travel fares still can not effectively attract car owners to switch to public transport, and will lead to more traffic demand. Leading to increased traffic jams. For some restrictions on motor vehicle travel measures, such as traffic restrictions. Restrictions on purchases and increased parking charges did not achieve the desired results. The working day commute time due to a high proportion of private car travel, become the most congested period. Controlling the proportion of private car travel is the key to attract car owners to switch to public transport. For the current public transport, the car is crowded, the environment is poor, the comfort is low. So can not effectively attract private car owners. Bus priority and bus excellence is closely related, with the continuous improvement of the quality of material life, the demand for traffic travel is becoming more and more diversified. Therefore, bus priority should be committed to bus excellence, and bus excellence can promote bus priority. Custom public transport is a new traffic mode between ordinary public transport and private cars. It can better meet the multi-level and diversified travel needs of commuters. In particular, it can attract private car owners effectively, thus effectively improve the efficiency of road use, so that the problem of traffic congestion has been alleviated. Firstly, this paper analyzes the existing traffic conditions. Based on the evaluation of the technical measures and policy measures of public transport priority, it is concluded that the quality of public transport service can not meet the diversified and multi-level traffic demand. This paper puts forward the development strategy of "bus priority" driven by "bus excellence". Custom-built public transport is the product of excellent development of public transport. Through the summary of its characteristics and advantages. Through the study of the operation of customized public transport, the shortcomings of existing customized public transport are obtained, and on this basis, the strategy of bus priority under the mode of customized public transport is put forward. In addition to improve the level of customized public transport operation services, but also proposed for second-tier cities or non-high-income groups to open customized public transport. And through the model analysis of the feasibility of the implementation of the strategy for the future customized bus priority strategy under the implementation of the theory and data support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17

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本文編號：1470997