本文關(guān)鍵詞： 綠色駕駛 信號(hào)交叉口 可變速度限制 VMS 遺傳算法 MATLAB　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市中的信號(hào)交叉口對(duì)交通流有隔斷作用,車輛在此處經(jīng)常加速、減速、怠速和停車,造成大量的機(jī)動(dòng)車污染物排放及燃油消耗。動(dòng)態(tài)速度控制方法(Dynamic Speed Control,DSC)作為綠色駕駛的一種方法,能夠?yàn)檐囕v駕駛員提供動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)時(shí)的駕駛策略。相較于傳統(tǒng)的綠色駕駛方法,動(dòng)態(tài)速度控制方法的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于,成熟的信息發(fā)布技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)使得其更加實(shí)用,成本相對(duì)于燃料的改進(jìn)及車輛的改造更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。而可變速度限制(Variable Speed Limit,VSL)作為動(dòng)態(tài)速度控制方法中較為成熟的一種方法,能夠通過路邊設(shè)置的可變信息板(Variable Message Signs,VMS),為駕駛員提供動(dòng)態(tài)速度建議值,控制其運(yùn)行方式,因此基于可變速度限制設(shè)計(jì)的面向綠色駕駛的信號(hào)交叉口車速動(dòng)態(tài)控制方法具有重要意義。論文在分析機(jī)動(dòng)車污染物排放及燃油消耗模型和可變速度限制方法的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)現(xiàn)有模型及方法對(duì)以信號(hào)交叉口為背景的缺失以及控制約束的不足,提出了一種基于可變速度限制的信號(hào)交叉口綠色駕駛控制方法。根據(jù)時(shí)空關(guān)系選取車隊(duì)中的頭車,利用VMS板向頭車駕駛員發(fā)布速度建議值,控制其運(yùn)行狀態(tài),使其經(jīng)過提前減速和加速的過程后,能夠在下一信號(hào)周期綠燈開始時(shí)通過交叉口,提高通行效率,同時(shí)達(dá)到減少機(jī)動(dòng)車污染物排放和燃油消耗的效果。針對(duì)基于可變速度限制的信號(hào)交叉口綠色駕駛控制方法中的相關(guān)機(jī)制對(duì)車輛運(yùn)行特征和時(shí)空關(guān)系的約束,以VMS的布設(shè)位置為決策變量,以機(jī)動(dòng)車污染物排放及燃油消耗最少為目標(biāo),構(gòu)建了面向綠色駕駛的信號(hào)交叉口車速動(dòng)態(tài)控制優(yōu)化模型,對(duì)信號(hào)交叉口處關(guān)于VMS布設(shè)位置的車速動(dòng)態(tài)控制優(yōu)化問題進(jìn)行了全面的描述。在建�；A(chǔ)之上,利用遺傳算法對(duì)優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行求解,采用MATLAB中的GATBX工具箱進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,得到最佳的VMS布設(shè)位置。然后設(shè)置相應(yīng)的參數(shù),在MATLAB中仿真模擬信號(hào)交叉口車速動(dòng)態(tài)控制方法,對(duì)不同交通量情況下信號(hào)交叉口處CO、HC、Nox排放和燃油消耗進(jìn)行分析,得出在交通量接近飽和的狀況下,該方法能夠有效地提高通行效率,同時(shí)在交通量較大的狀況下,節(jié)能減排效果明顯。
[Abstract]:Signalized intersections in the city block traffic flow, where vehicles often speed up, slow down, idle, and stop. Dynamic Speed Control (DSC) is one of the methods of green driving, which results in a large amount of vehicle pollutant emissions and fuel consumption. Compared with the traditional green driving method, the advantage of the dynamic speed control method is that the mature information publishing technology and communication technology make it more practical. The cost is superior to the improvement of fuel and the improvement of vehicle, while variable Speed Limit is limited by variable speed. VSL (variable Message signals) is a mature method of dynamic speed control, which can be used by the variable information board (VMS) set by the side of the road. To provide the suggested value of dynamic speed for the driver and control its running mode. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a dynamic speed control method for green driving signalized intersection based on variable speed limit. This paper analyzes the model of vehicle pollutant emission and fuel consumption and the variable speed limit method. On... Aiming at the deficiency of existing models and methods to the background of signalized intersection and the deficiency of control constraints. This paper presents a green driving control method for signalized intersections based on variable speed limit. According to the space-time relationship, the first vehicle in the motorcade is selected, and the suggested speed value is issued to the head-car driver by using the VMS board. Control its running state, make it through the process of decelerating and accelerating ahead of time, can pass through the intersection at the beginning of the green light of the next signal cycle, so as to improve the traffic efficiency. At the same time, it can reduce vehicle pollutant emission and fuel consumption. According to the related mechanism of the green driving control method based on variable speed limit, the constraints on vehicle operation characteristics and space-time relationship. Taking the location of VMS as the decision variable and the vehicle pollutant emission and fuel consumption as the goal, a dynamic speed control optimization model for green driving-oriented signalized intersection is constructed. The optimization problem of vehicle speed dynamic control at signalized intersection about VMS placement position is described comprehensively. On the basis of modeling, genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimization model. The GATBX toolbox in MATLAB is used to simulate and calculate, and the best placement position of VMS is obtained. Then the corresponding parameters are set. This paper simulates the dynamic control method of speed at signalized intersection in MATLAB, and analyzes the emission and fuel consumption of HCN Nox at signalized intersection under different traffic volume. It is concluded that this method can effectively improve the traffic efficiency under the condition that the traffic volume is close to saturation, and at the same time, the effect of energy saving and emission reduction is obvious under the condition of large traffic volume.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 張廣昕;孫晉偉;;基于MOVES的機(jī)動(dòng)車排放分析及控制措施研究[J];交通節(jié)能與環(huán)保;2013年01期

2 邱亞光,王亞洲;城市交通環(huán)境污染的防治[J];現(xiàn)代交通管理;1997年06期

3 張晶晶;龐明寶;任沙沙;;基于元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型的高速公路可變速度限制交通流特性分析[J];物理學(xué)報(bào);2012年24期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李楊;高速公路可變速度控制方法研究[D];長(zhǎng)安大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 唐旭南;基于減少機(jī)動(dòng)車尾氣排放的城市道路交叉口信號(hào)配時(shí)優(yōu)化研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：1468760