本文關(guān)鍵詞：圓端形橋墩的新型防護(hù)措施研究　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 圓端形橋墩 環(huán)翼式防沖板 沖坑特征 垂向時均流速 垂向紊動強(qiáng)度 紊動切應(yīng)力

【摘要】：橋梁災(zāi)害發(fā)生的主要原因是水流沖刷橋墩造成橋墩的水毀,因此,研究橋墩周圍的水流結(jié)構(gòu)和其發(fā)展歷程是十分重要的。由于傳統(tǒng)橋墩防護(hù)措施的局限性,課題組引入新型防沖裝置-環(huán)翼式防沖板,對橋墩進(jìn)行防護(hù)。其防沖的主要原理,通過改變橋墩周圍的水流結(jié)構(gòu),主動降低下了降水流對橋墩的沖刷。本文基于前人在圓柱形橋墩上安裝環(huán)翼式防沖板進(jìn)行防護(hù)的試驗(yàn),對圓端形橋墩安裝環(huán)翼式防沖板進(jìn)行研究。試驗(yàn)采用了 3種流量-水位、3種長寬比不同的圓端形橋墩、3種防沖板安裝高度、2種防沖板形狀進(jìn)行物理模型試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)中,測量沖刷坑的深度、長度、寬度、墩周的垂向瞬時流速。通過處理數(shù)據(jù),分析沖坑三維特征、Surfer地形圖、時均垂向流速、垂向紊動強(qiáng)度、紊動切應(yīng)力等,探究安裝環(huán)翼式防沖板后,橋墩周圍的水力特性以及防沖刷效果。綜合以上分析,得出以下結(jié)論:(1)圓端形橋墩安裝防沖板后,墩前沖刷坑的深度、長度、寬度明顯減小,墩前沖刷坑深度減小率最高達(dá)30.43%;(2)選取半幅防沖板、防沖板安裝位置在1/3水深處,防沖效果最佳;(3)應(yīng)用Surfer軟件模擬圓端形橋墩墩前沖刷坑形態(tài),沖刷坑深度明顯減小;(4)安裝環(huán)翼式防沖板后,3種長寬比不同的橋墩,墩前中間測線的垂向時均流速均明顯減小;(5)中圓端形橋墩墩周垂向紊動強(qiáng)度的分布與垂面紊動切應(yīng)力的分布大體相同;安裝防沖板后,墩前中間、墩后中間測線的垂向紊動強(qiáng)度與垂面紊動切應(yīng)力明顯減小。
[Abstract]:The main cause of bridge disaster is the water damage caused by water flow scouring the pier. Therefore, it is very important to study the flow structure and its development course around the pier, because of the limitation of the protection measures of the traditional pier. The research group introduces a new type of anti-scour device, ring wing anti-scour plate, to protect the pier. The main principle of anti-scour is to change the structure of water flow around the pier. This paper is based on the experiments of installing annular wing anti-scour plates on cylindrical piers in this paper. This paper studies the installation of annular wing type anti-scour plate for round end pier. Three kinds of installation height of round end pier with different ratio of discharge to water level and different aspect ratio are used in the test. In the experiment, the depth, length, width, vertical instantaneous velocity around the pier of the scour pit were measured. Through processing the data, the three-dimensional characteristics of the scour pit were analyzed. Surfer topographic map, time average vertical velocity, vertical turbulence intensity, turbulent shear stress, etc., to explore the hydraulic characteristics and scour prevention effect around the pier after installing the annular wing anti-scour plate. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) the depth, length and width of the scour pit in front of the pier are obviously reduced after the anti-scour plate is installed on the round end pier, and the maximum reduction rate of the depth of the scour pit in front of the pier is 30.43; (2) the best anti-scour effect is obtained by selecting half of the anti-scour plate and installing the anti-punching plate in the depth of 1/3 water; The Surfer software is used to simulate the shape of the scour pit in front of the round end pier, and the depth of the scour pit is obviously reduced. 4) after installing the annular wing type anti-impact plate, the vertical average velocity of the midline in the front of the pier is obviously reduced in three kinds of piers with different aspect ratio; (5) the distribution of the vertical turbulent intensity around the pier is approximately the same as that of the vertical turbulent shear stress. The vertical turbulence intensity and the vertical turbulent shear stress of the measured lines in the front and back of the pier are obviously reduced after the anti-punching plate is installed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U443.26

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