發(fā)布時間：2019-03-31 20:10

【摘要】：本文以船用冷藏集裝箱制冷機(jī)組為研究對象,在綜合分析當(dāng)今船用冷藏集裝箱主流產(chǎn)品的制冷機(jī)組的系統(tǒng)組成及容量調(diào)節(jié)方法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種新型船用冷藏集裝箱制冷機(jī)組,該機(jī)組采用制冷劑R134a,容量調(diào)節(jié)部件包括變頻壓縮機(jī)、電子膨脹閥和熱氣調(diào)節(jié)閥;設(shè)計(jì)了與之匹配的控制策略,采用變頻控制與熱氣調(diào)節(jié),獲取更大的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)范圍,避免低負(fù)荷頻繁啟停帶來的溫度波動;搭建了新型船用冷藏集裝箱實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺;開展了一系列特性實(shí)驗(yàn)測試所搭建的船用冷藏集裝箱制冷機(jī)組的性能。首先,根據(jù)冷藏集裝箱額定制冷量完成制冷機(jī)組主要部件的選型,按照所設(shè)計(jì)的新型冷藏集裝箱系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖完成冷藏集裝箱實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺的搭建。根據(jù)已搭建的制冷機(jī)組系統(tǒng)控制要求,完成主要電器元件的選型,設(shè)計(jì)制冷機(jī)組控制箱的總體布置,繪制控制箱電氣原理圖,制作制冷機(jī)組實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺電氣控制箱,合理布置實(shí)驗(yàn)臺所用傳感器,搭建冷藏集裝箱實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)。然后,設(shè)計(jì)冷藏集裝箱冷藏模式快速降溫控制、冷藏模式容量調(diào)節(jié)控制、冷凍模式快速降溫控制、冷凍模式容量調(diào)節(jié)控制、冷藏集裝箱升溫控制、冷藏集裝箱除霜控制六種控制模塊流程。制定冷藏模式容量調(diào)節(jié)控制策略(電子膨脹閥控制、變頻控制和熱氣調(diào)節(jié)控制)和冷凍模式容量調(diào)節(jié)控制策略(電子膨脹閥控制、變頻控制和起�？刂�),并將控制流程及控制策略轉(zhuǎn)化成PLC程序,通過工程試湊法完成PLC程序中PID溫度控制參數(shù)整定。最后,利用所搭建的船用冷藏集裝箱制冷機(jī)組實(shí)驗(yàn)臺,進(jìn)行了冷藏/冷凍快速降溫實(shí)驗(yàn)、冷藏/冷凍負(fù)荷階躍實(shí)驗(yàn)、冷藏/冷凍容量調(diào)節(jié)實(shí)驗(yàn)、設(shè)置溫度階躍實(shí)驗(yàn)和升溫實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明所搭建的船用冷藏集裝箱實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺具有降溫速度快(在本文實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,冷藏模式從箱內(nèi)溫度35℃降至0℃制冷機(jī)組運(yùn)行17.3分鐘,平均每分鐘降2℃。冷凍模式從箱內(nèi)溫度從27℃降至-18℃共用時35.1分鐘,平均每分鐘溫度下降1.3℃。)、溫度控制精度高(±0.2℃;由于采用新型的容量調(diào)節(jié)方式,在冷藏模式下,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)在低負(fù)荷運(yùn)行(甚至是空箱)時將送風(fēng)溫度的控制精度保持在±0.2℃)、容量調(diào)節(jié)控制系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定、反應(yīng)快速、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)以及制冷系統(tǒng)節(jié)能性較好等特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the refrigeration unit of marine refrigerated container is taken as the research object, and on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the system composition and capacity regulation method of the main products of marine refrigerated container, A new refrigeration unit for marine refrigerated container is presented. The unit adopts refrigerant R134A, and the capacity regulating parts include frequency conversion compressor, electronic expansion valve and hot gas regulating valve. The matching control strategy is designed, the frequency conversion control and hot air regulation are adopted to obtain a larger operating range to avoid the temperature fluctuation caused by the frequent start-up and stop of low load, a new experimental platform for marine refrigerated containers is set up, and a new type of marine refrigerated container experiment platform is set up. A series of characteristic experiments were carried out to test the performance of the refrigerated container refrigeration unit. Firstly, according to the rated refrigerating capacity of refrigerated container, the main parts of refrigerating unit are selected, and the experimental platform of refrigerated container is built according to the structure diagram of the new refrigerated container system designed in this paper. According to the control requirements of the built refrigeration unit system, the selection of the main electrical components is completed, the general arrangement of the control box of the refrigeration unit is designed, the electric schematic diagram of the control box is drawn, and the electric control box of the experimental platform of the refrigeration unit is made. Reasonable arrangement of the sensors used in the experimental platform, the establishment of the refrigerated container experimental platform parameter data acquisition system. Then, the design of refrigerated container refrigeration mode rapid cooling control, refrigeration mode capacity regulation control, freezing mode rapid cooling control, refrigeration mode capacity regulation control, refrigerated container temperature control, Refrigerated container defrosting control six control module flow. Develop refrigerated mode capacity regulation control strategies (electronic expansion valve control, frequency conversion control and hot air regulation control) and refrigeration mode capacity regulation control strategy (electronic expansion valve control, frequency conversion control and start and stop control), The control flow and control strategy are transformed into PLC program, and the parameters of PID temperature control in PLC program are adjusted by engineering trial and error method. Finally, the refrigeration / freezing fast cooling experiment, the refrigeration / freezing load step experiment, the refrigeration / freezing capacity regulation experiment, the temperature step experiment and the temperature rise experiment were carried out by using the marine refrigerated container refrigeration unit. The experimental results show that the experimental platform for marine refrigerated containers has a fast cooling speed. Under the experimental conditions, the refrigerating mode runs from 35 鈩，

本文編號：2451238