【摘要】：船舶與海洋工程水動力系數(shù)測試已從主要依靠物模試驗(yàn)發(fā)展到運(yùn)用計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD,Computational Fluid Dynamics)數(shù)值求解方法。其中,船舶在自由液面運(yùn)動屬于復(fù)雜邊界流固耦合問題,需要處理自由表面邊界及船舶剖面邊界,是數(shù)值計(jì)算方法中的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)之一。不同于一般貼體網(wǎng)格計(jì)算流體數(shù)值模擬方法,本文基于笛卡兒網(wǎng)格,結(jié)合浸入邊界法(IBM,Immersed boundary method)和流體體積法(VOF,Volume of fluid)建立了新型的水、氣和固偽三相流數(shù)值水池求解器,以進(jìn)行船舶與海洋工程“仿物理”數(shù)值模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)。在IBM-VOF數(shù)值模型中,基于笛卡爾網(wǎng)格系統(tǒng)采用壓力增量投影法求解N-S方程,并應(yīng)用IBM算法虛擬船舶表面邊界條件,利用PLIC-VOF(PLIC,Piecewise Line Interface Calculation)方法追蹤更新網(wǎng)格流體體積所占比例F,模擬流場中自由表面變化。為了避免求解復(fù)雜船型型線邊界表面壓力引起的數(shù)值偏差,在處理船舶與海洋結(jié)構(gòu)物所受表面邊界力時本文創(chuàng)新性采用IBM體積力求解方法。為了驗(yàn)證算法的適應(yīng)性,本文基于IBM-VOF數(shù)值模型在數(shù)值水池中對S60船模典型船舯剖面進(jìn)行垂向、橫向和橫搖強(qiáng)迫振蕩數(shù)值試驗(yàn),計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,船型剖面的附加質(zhì)量和阻尼系數(shù)與前人CFD-RANS數(shù)值方法計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)非常吻合。這說明IBM-VOF數(shù)值模型能夠很好地解決船型剖面水動力仿真計(jì)算問題�；诖�,本文應(yīng)用IBM-VOF數(shù)值模型開展典型船舶模型水動力分析仿真應(yīng)用。首先,對S60船模三個特殊典型剖面進(jìn)行橫搖振蕩仿真試驗(yàn),研究其搖蕩幅值變化、周期變化、附體加載下船型剖面所受流體水動力變化,通過與CFD-RANS數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果比較,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了IBM-VOF方法在處理二維船型剖面水動力性能的可靠性和準(zhǔn)確性。最后,結(jié)合切片理論,利用IBM-VOF數(shù)值模型對S175三維集裝箱船進(jìn)行水動力數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明基于IBM-VOF方法的S175船舯橫剖面切片水動力系數(shù)與基于CFD-RANS數(shù)值方法計(jì)算結(jié)果基本一致;同時,與基于AQWA軟件計(jì)算的S175三維集裝箱船水動力系數(shù)比較分析可知,IBM-VOF方法能夠完整考慮船舶在垂蕩等運(yùn)動中的粘性、渦泄等非線性因素影響,因此計(jì)算結(jié)果更貼近實(shí)際情況,這表明本文IBM-VOF方法在解決船舶與海洋工程實(shí)際水動力性能問題具有可行性和有效性,有助于船舶數(shù)值水池的工程應(yīng)用和擴(kuò)展,也為準(zhǔn)確預(yù)報(bào)船舶耐波性提供一種新的可能性。
[Abstract]:The hydrodynamic coefficient measurement of ship and ocean engineering has developed from mainly relying on physical model test to using computational fluid dynamics (CFD,Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical solution method. Among them, the ship moving in the free liquid surface is a complicated boundary fluid-solid coupling problem, which needs to deal with the free surface boundary and the ship section boundary, which is one of the key and difficult points in the numerical calculation method. In this paper, a new type of water is established based on Cartesian meshes and immersion boundary method (IBM,Immersed boundary method) and fluid volume method (VOF,Volume of fluid), which is different from the general fluid numerical simulation method of body-fitted meshes. A numerical tank solver for gas and solid pseudo-three-phase flow is used to simulate the ship and ocean engineering. In the IBM-VOF numerical model, the pressure increment projection method is used to solve the N-S equation based on the Cartesian grid system, and the IBM algorithm is used to simulate the ship's surface boundary condition, and PLIC-VOF (PLIC,) is used to solve the N-S equation. The Piecewise Line Interface Calculation) method tracks the fraction of fluid volume in the updated grid and simulates the free surface variation in the flow field. In order to avoid solving the numerical deviation caused by the boundary pressure of complex ship form line, the IBM volume method is innovatively used to solve the surface boundary force between ship and ocean structure. In order to verify the adaptability of the algorithm, the vertical, transverse and rolling forced oscillations of the typical midship section of S60 ship model are carried out in a numerical pool based on the IBM-VOF numerical model. The results show that, The additional mass and damping coefficient of the ship profile are in good agreement with the experimental data. This shows that the IBM-VOF numerical model can solve the hydrodynamic simulation problem of ship profile. Based on this, the IBM-VOF numerical model is used to simulate the hydrodynamic analysis of typical ship model. First of all, three typical sections of S60 ship model are tested by rolling oscillation simulation test, and the variation of rocking amplitude, period and hydrodynamic changes of ship profile subjected to appendage loading are studied. The results are compared with the results of CFD-RANS numerical calculation. The reliability and accuracy of the IBM-VOF method in dealing with the hydrodynamic performance of two-dimensional ship profile are further verified. Finally, based on slice theory, the hydrodynamic numerical simulation of S175 3D container ship is carried out by using IBM-VOF numerical model. The results show that the hydrodynamic coefficients of S175 ship midship section based on IBM-VOF method are in good agreement with those based on CFD-RANS method. At the same time, comparing with the hydrodynamic coefficients of S175 container ship calculated by AQWA software, it is found that the IBM-VOF method can fully consider the influence of nonlinear factors such as viscosity, vortex discharge and so on. Therefore, the calculation results are closer to the actual situation, which shows that the IBM-VOF method in this paper is feasible and effective in solving the actual hydrodynamic performance problems of ship and ocean engineering, and is helpful to the engineering application and expansion of ship numerical pool. It also provides a new possibility for accurate prediction of ship's wave-resistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U661.1

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