【摘要】：由于船舶系統(tǒng)的自動化和集成化程度的不斷提高,船舶冷卻水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)愈來趨向復(fù)雜,傳統(tǒng)的管路水力計算方法愈來愈難以滿足船舶冷卻水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的水力計算要求,通過分析研究該類型管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的特點,本文將已有的管網(wǎng)計算方法進行改進,并應(yīng)用到船舶管網(wǎng)計算中。 本文首先介紹管網(wǎng)水力計算的背景以及現(xiàn)狀,再講述管網(wǎng)水力的各種特性及管路沿程損失計算與局部損失計算的數(shù)學(xué)公式,從而確定出流量與壓降特定的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系。引入圖論,介紹圖論中的基本關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣和基本回路矩陣,生成樹及余樹,結(jié)合管網(wǎng)的水力分析,提出求解船舶管網(wǎng)的方法并采用解環(huán)方程法,解節(jié)點法及圖論法對船舶管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)進行水力求解。解環(huán)方程法主要依據(jù)是在滿足流量連續(xù)性的前提下,通過調(diào)節(jié)船舶冷卻水管網(wǎng)中環(huán)流量,使其滿足能量守恒。解節(jié)點方程與解環(huán)方程相對應(yīng),在初步擬定節(jié)點壓頭的基礎(chǔ)上,逐步調(diào)整以滿足流量平衡性方程。圖論法中采用將只對生成樹的余樹進行流量初分配,大大簡化了管網(wǎng)中的計算過程。通過流量連續(xù)性方程和環(huán)能量方程,及基本關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣和基本回路矩陣,分別使用哈代—克羅斯方法、擬牛頓法和圖論法對管網(wǎng)求解做了詳細說明。變化管網(wǎng)水力求解模型的建立,使得計算機求解更加方便,使得水力參數(shù)隨著管網(wǎng)參數(shù)和拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的變化而動態(tài)變化。本文通過對已有管網(wǎng)的基本關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣和基本回路矩陣做一系列的改變,動態(tài)生成新的能反映管網(wǎng)的矩陣,并利用計算機進行實時求解。在Silverlight環(huán)境下,使用XAML語言和C#語言設(shè)計低溫淡水冷卻系統(tǒng)模擬軟件,對船舶低溫淡水冷卻系統(tǒng)進行實時動態(tài)仿真。 本文中船舶管網(wǎng)數(shù)學(xué)模型的建立和計算方法,不僅應(yīng)用于冷卻水系統(tǒng),也可應(yīng)用于船舶燃油系統(tǒng)、滑油系統(tǒng)所有的管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),與冷卻水系統(tǒng)的區(qū)別主要體現(xiàn)在流體的粘度系數(shù)造成的水頭損失不同,通過對粘度系數(shù)的修改,便能很好的應(yīng)用到其他管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:With the increasing automation and integration of the ship system, the ship cooling water pipe network system is becoming more and more complex, and the traditional hydraulic calculation method is more and more difficult to meet the requirements of the ship cooling water network system hydraulic calculation. Based on the analysis and study of the characteristics of this type of pipe network system, this paper improves the existing calculation method of pipe network and applies it to the calculation of ship pipe network. This paper first introduces the background and present situation of pipe network hydraulic calculation, and then describes the hydraulic characteristics of pipe network and the mathematical formulas of pipe line loss calculation and local loss calculation, so as to determine the specific mathematical relationship between discharge and pressure drop. Introducing graph theory, introducing basic correlation matrix and basic loop matrix, generating tree and residual tree in graph theory, combining hydraulic analysis of pipe network, the method of solving ship pipe network is put forward and the method of solving loop equation is adopted. The solution node method and graph theory method are used to solve the hydraulic problem of ship pipe network system. On the premise of satisfying the continuity of flow, the method of solving the ring equation is mainly based on the regulation of the flow rate of the cooling water pipeline network to make it meet the conservation of energy. The solution nodal equation corresponds to the solution ring equation. On the basis of preliminary drawing up the nodal head, it is gradually adjusted to satisfy the flow equilibrium equation. In the graph theory method, the initial flow distribution of the residual tree of the spanning tree is adopted, which greatly simplifies the calculation process in the pipe network. By means of flow continuity equation, ring energy equation, basic correlation matrix and basic loop matrix, the solution of pipe network is explained in detail by using Hardy-Cross method, quasi-Newton method and graph theory method, respectively. With the establishment of hydraulic solution model for changing pipe network, it is more convenient for computer to solve the problem, and the hydraulic parameters change dynamically with the change of pipe network parameters and topological structure. In this paper, a series of changes are made to the basic correlation matrix and the basic loop matrix of the existing pipe network, and a new matrix which can reflect the pipe network is dynamically generated and solved in real time by the computer. In Silverlight environment, the simulation software of low temperature fresh water cooling system is designed by using XAML language and C # language, and the real time dynamic simulation of low temperature fresh water cooling system of ship is carried out. In this paper, the mathematical model of ship pipe network is established and calculated, which can be used not only in cooling water system, but also in ship oil system and slippery oil system. The difference between the cooling water system and the cooling water system is mainly reflected in the head loss caused by the viscosity coefficient of the fluid. Through the modification of the viscosity coefficient, it can be well applied to other pipe network systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U664.814

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