【摘要】：水下潛器艉部可用環(huán)肋圓錐殼近似模擬,錐殼結(jié)構(gòu)聲振特性的研究,對(duì)于潛器艉部噪聲控制有著重大的科學(xué)與工程意義。本文提出了水下環(huán)肋圓錐殼在低頻、典型和彈性邊界條件下的自由振動(dòng)與受迫振動(dòng)聲輻射的解析方法,研究了水下環(huán)肋圓錐殼低頻時(shí)的聲振特性。首先在環(huán)肋圓錐殼肋骨和殼體結(jié)合處將殼體劃分成多個(gè)子結(jié)構(gòu)。采用Flügge理論描述錐殼分段的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程,位移函數(shù)表達(dá)為冪級(jí)數(shù)的形式。通過(guò)將錐殼劃分成多個(gè)窄的分段,并將每個(gè)分段局部等效為柱殼,來(lái)考慮流體負(fù)載的影響。將環(huán)肋離散處理并用圓環(huán)板運(yùn)動(dòng)方程進(jìn)行描述。然后,由邊界條件和相鄰子結(jié)構(gòu)間的連續(xù)條件形成最終求解環(huán)肋錐殼振動(dòng)的剛度矩陣,采用單元輻射疊加法求得殼體遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)聲壓。將文中解析法計(jì)算結(jié)果與有限元法或已有文獻(xiàn)中計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了本文解析法的正確性。隨后用解析法研究了水下環(huán)肋錐殼自由振動(dòng)特性。研究了流體負(fù)載、邊界條件、半錐角、厚度、錐殼長(zhǎng)度及環(huán)肋尺寸等對(duì)典型邊界條件下環(huán)肋錐殼自由振動(dòng)特性的影響,并研究了錐殼結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)彈性邊界下錐殼基頻和梁頻的影響。最后,在研究自由振動(dòng)特性的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、流體負(fù)載等對(duì)環(huán)肋錐殼聲振特性的影響,考慮了垂向激勵(lì)、縱向激勵(lì)、對(duì)稱(chēng)/非對(duì)稱(chēng)激勵(lì)及偶極子源激勵(lì)分別作用下錐殼聲振特性并與圓柱殼聲振特性作對(duì)比�？偟膩�(lái)說(shuō),本文采用圓環(huán)板處理環(huán)肋,相對(duì)于“平攤法”、能量法等精度更高,適于處理任意布置的環(huán)肋;大多數(shù)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)主要研究典型邊界條件下殼體的振動(dòng)特性,而文中對(duì)彈性邊界條件下圓錐殼的自由振動(dòng)特性給出了詳細(xì)的分析,可為殼體截?cái)嗵庍吔鐥l件選取這一工程實(shí)際問(wèn)題提供理論指導(dǎo);本文還詳細(xì)對(duì)比了圓錐殼與圓柱殼聲振特性,分析了半錐角對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)聲振特性帶來(lái)的影響,對(duì)潛器艉部螺旋槳-軸-艇噪聲這一工程問(wèn)題,從機(jī)理上詳細(xì)分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)錐殼聲振特性的影響,并將偶極子源激勵(lì)與力激勵(lì)對(duì)比,為螺旋槳直接輻射噪聲和槳軸激起艇體的振動(dòng)噪聲大小排序提供理論依據(jù),研究結(jié)論可為水下潛器艉部結(jié)構(gòu)聲學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)提供理論指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:The stern part of underwater vehicle can be simulated approximately by ring rib conical shell. The study of acoustic and vibration characteristics of conical shell structure is of great scientific and engineering significance for the noise control of the stern part of underwater vehicle. In this paper, an analytical method of acoustic radiation from free vibration and forced vibration of underwater ring rib conical shell under low frequency, typical and elastic boundary conditions is presented. The acoustic vibration characteristics of underwater ring rib conical shell at low frequency are studied. Firstly, the shell is divided into several substructures at the joint of the ring rib conical shell and the shell. The Fl 眉 gge theory is used to describe the motion equation of the conical shell, and the displacement function is expressed in the form of power series. The conical shell is divided into several narrow segments and each segment is locally equivalent to a cylindrical shell to consider the effect of fluid load. The ring rib is discretized and described by the toroidal plate motion equation. Then, the stiffness matrix of the ring rib conical shell vibration is formed by the boundary condition and the continuous condition between adjacent substructures, and the far field sound pressure of the shell is obtained by using the element radiation superposition method. The correctness of the analytical method is verified by comparing the results of the analytical method with that of the finite element method or the existing literatures. Then the free vibration characteristics of underwater ring rib conical shell are studied by analytical method. The effects of fluid load, boundary condition, half cone angle, thickness, length of conical shell and size of ring rib on the free vibration characteristics of ring rib conical shell under typical boundary conditions are studied. The influence of the structural parameters of the conical shell on the fundamental frequency and beam frequency of the conical shell with elastic boundary is studied. Finally, on the basis of studying the characteristics of free vibration, the effects of structural parameters and fluid load on the acoustic and vibration characteristics of ring rib conical shell are analyzed, and vertical and longitudinal excitation are considered. The acousto-vibration characteristics of conical shells under symmetric / asymmetric excitation and dipole source excitation are compared with those of cylindrical shells. In general, the ring rib is treated by ring plate, which is more accurate than "equalization method" and "energy method", so it is suitable for dealing with arbitrarily arranged ring rib. Most of the related literatures mainly study the vibration characteristics of the shell under the typical boundary condition, and the free vibration characteristics of the conical shell under the elastic boundary condition are analyzed in detail in this paper. It can provide theoretical guidance for the selection of boundary conditions at the truncation of the shell. In this paper, the acoustic and vibration characteristics of conical shell and cylindrical shell are compared in detail, and the influence of the half cone angle on the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the structure is analyzed, and the engineering problem of the stern propeller-axle-boat noise of the submersible is also discussed. The influence of structural parameters on the acoustic and vibration characteristics of conical shell is analyzed in detail from the mechanism, and the dipole source excitation is compared with the force excitation, which provides a theoretical basis for the direct radiation noise of propeller and the ranking of vibration noise caused by propeller shaft. The conclusions can provide theoretical guidance for acoustic design of stern structure of underwater vehicle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U661.44

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