【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)排水型船的重量由靜水力支持,而滑行艇的重量是由水動力和靜水力聯合支持,滑行艇在高速航行時伴隨著強烈的噴濺現象,對滑行艇的航行阻力及運動性能產生顯著影響。精確模擬滑行艇的噴濺及確定噴濺阻力對于確定艇體受到的動載荷及艇型的優(yōu)化具有十分重要的意義。本文采用與滑行艇試驗艇型相同的三維棱柱型滑行艇模型,針對棱柱型滑行艇在靜水中約束航行及在波浪中約束航行進行了數值模擬與分析。利用Fluent軟件對滑行艇約束模式下縱傾角τ=3.0°、5.0°,航速V=1.0m/s~6.0m/s共計12個工況進行了數值模擬,完成了棱柱型滑行艇在靜水中約束航行的水動力特性研究,分析了不同縱傾角不同航速下滑行艇的阻力、周圍流場、艇底動壓等,并將數值計算結果與試驗相比較,吻合較好。當航速V?2m/s時,阻力數值計算值與試驗值誤差小于5%,說明該數值模擬方法在研究較高體積傅汝德數時具有較好的計算精度。根據棱柱型滑行艇在靜水中約束模式下的數值模擬結果,完成了棱柱型滑行艇在靜水中約束航行的噴濺特性研究,分析了滑行艇噴濺面積、艇底靜壓等參數的變化特性,通過自編后處理程序繪制出滑行艇噴濺區(qū)的形狀,并計算出噴濺面積及噴濺阻力。噴濺區(qū)平均速度與航速之間近似滿足線性關系,縱傾角τ=3.0°下噴濺阻力占總阻力的12%~19%,縱傾角τ=5.0°下噴濺阻力占總阻力的25%~30%。通過速度邊界造波方法,實現波浪環(huán)境的模擬,對滑行艇以一定航速,在波長為2.1m、波高為0.2m的波浪中航行進行了數值模擬,選取縱傾角τ=5.0°,航速V=0m/s~5.0m/s共計6個工況,開展了計及空氣載荷作用下棱柱型滑行艇在波浪中約束航行的噴濺特性研究,分析了滑行艇的艇底靜壓、艇底水相體積分數分布等,繪制出滑行艇噴濺區(qū)的形狀,計算得到不同航速下滑行艇的噴濺阻力。航速V=0m/s時,噴濺阻力非常小,可以忽略不計;其余航速下,在波浪中滑行艇的噴濺阻力占總阻力比例RS/R的峰值約在10%左右。根據滑行艇噴濺現象發(fā)生的內部機理及國內外相關試驗歸納出的經驗公式,本文提出噴濺區(qū)的分離方法,并推導出噴濺區(qū)幾何參數及噴濺阻力的計算公式,最終建立棱柱型滑行艇噴濺參數及噴濺阻力的計算模型與方法,為滑行艇噴濺阻力的研究提供了一種可行的研究分析方法。
[Abstract]:The weight of the traditional drainage ship is supported by hydrostatic force, while the weight of the taxiboat is supported by hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces. It has a significant effect on the navigation resistance and motion performance of the taxiboat. It is very important to accurately simulate the spatter of the glider and determine the splash resistance for determining the dynamic load on the hull and the optimization of the boat type. In this paper, a three dimensional prismatic boat model, which is the same as the taxiboat test boat, is used to simulate and analyze the constraint navigation of the prismatic boat in the still water and in the wave. Using Fluent software, the longitudinal inclination 蟿 = 3.0 擄, 5.0 擄and speed V=1.0m/s~6.0m/s were numerically simulated under 12 working conditions in the constrained mode of the glider, and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the prismatic glider were studied in the static water. The resistance, surrounding flow field and bottom dynamic pressure of the taxiboat with different longitudinal inclination angles and different speeds are analyzed. The numerical results are in good agreement with the test results. When the speed is V?2m/s, the error between the numerical calculation value of resistance and the experimental value is less than 5, which shows that the numerical simulation method has better calculation accuracy in the study of higher volume Fourier number. According to the numerical simulation results of the prismatic glider in the static water constraint mode, the spray characteristics of the prismatic glider in the static water are studied, and the variation characteristics of the parameters such as the splash area and the static pressure of the bottom of the boat are analyzed. The shape of spatter area of the glider boat was plotted by a self-compiled post-processing program, and the spray area and the splash resistance were calculated. The average velocity of spatter zone is approximately linear to the speed of navigation, and the splash resistance occupies 12 / 19 of the total resistance at the longitudinal inclination 蟿 = 3.0 擄, and the splash resistance occupies 2530% of the total resistance at the dip angle 蟿 = 5.0 擄. The wave environment is simulated by the method of velocity boundary wave-making, and a numerical simulation is carried out for the taxiboat sailing at a certain speed in a wave with a wavelength of 2.1 m and a wave height of 0.2 m. The longitudinal inclination 蟿 is chosen to be 5.0 擄, and the speed of V=0m/s~5.0m/s is 6 working conditions. In this paper, the spray characteristics of prismatic gliding boat under the action of air load in the wave are studied. The hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the boat and the distribution of the volume fraction of the bottom water of the boat are analyzed, and the shape of the spray zone of the gliding boat is plotted. The spatter resistance of the taxiboat at different speeds is calculated. At V=0m/s speed, the splash resistance is very small and can be ignored, and the peak value of the splash resistance of the taxiboat in the wave is about 10% of the total resistance ratio under the other speeds. Based on the internal mechanism of the spatter phenomenon of the glider boat and the empirical formula summarized from the relevant tests at home and abroad, the separation method of the splash zone is proposed, and the formulas for calculating the geometric parameters of the spray zone and the splash resistance are derived. Finally, the calculation model and method of splashing parameters and splash resistance of prismatic glider are established, which provides a feasible research and analysis method for the study of splash resistance of gliding boat.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U674.942

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本文編號：2276720