【摘要】：船舶業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)于國(guó)防建設(shè)和海洋主權(quán)完整有著重要的戰(zhàn)略意義,也為海上運(yùn)輸、海洋資源勘探等提供了雄厚的技術(shù)支持。2010伊始,我國(guó)作為海洋大國(guó),不但在航運(yùn)總量上名列前茅,造船總量也躍居全球第一。“十二五”時(shí)期,全球經(jīng)濟(jì)利益格局動(dòng)蕩,船舶市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加激烈,如何提高造船效率是各個(gè)船廠應(yīng)對(duì)激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的重要挑戰(zhàn)之一。船臺(tái)吊裝是船舶建造的重要環(huán)節(jié),船臺(tái)(船塢)是船廠不可替代的重要設(shè)施資源,可以說(shuō)船臺(tái)(船塢)的數(shù)量和尺寸最直接體現(xiàn)了船廠的生產(chǎn)能力。所以,通過(guò)對(duì)船臺(tái)(船塢)吊裝方案的最優(yōu)化,提高船臺(tái)(船塢)資源的利用率,對(duì)縮短船臺(tái)周期意義十分重大。 船臺(tái)吊裝順序優(yōu)化的問(wèn)題是典型NP難題,僅通過(guò)人工經(jīng)驗(yàn)很難獲得最佳的方案。對(duì)此,本文以蟻群優(yōu)化算法(ACO)為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)資源受限的調(diào)度理論(RCPSP),對(duì)船臺(tái)吊裝順序的優(yōu)化進(jìn)行研究,具體內(nèi)容如下： 筆者首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外船臺(tái)調(diào)裝調(diào)度問(wèn)題和RCPSP問(wèn)題的研究動(dòng)態(tài)做出詳細(xì)的總結(jié)梳理,同時(shí)基于ACO的基本原理,加之對(duì)于船臺(tái)吊裝特點(diǎn)的結(jié)合,對(duì)算法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),已達(dá)到該算法在優(yōu)化船臺(tái)吊裝順序過(guò)程中的性能要求,使之能夠發(fā)揮優(yōu)良效果。 給出船臺(tái)吊裝調(diào)度系統(tǒng)整體框架和功能,并對(duì)分段信息的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的和吊裝網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖的構(gòu)建進(jìn)行了研究。 在多資源的約束條件下,以RCPSP資源有限-工期最短模型為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合船臺(tái)吊裝順序優(yōu)化的特點(diǎn),建立單船船臺(tái)吊裝和多船船臺(tái)吊裝問(wèn)題的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并給出了模型的改進(jìn)蟻群優(yōu)化方法。 最后應(yīng)用本文提出的改進(jìn)蟻群算法分別優(yōu)化大連造船廠某船臺(tái)的單船吊裝和多船吊裝的方案,求解最短吊裝工期和最優(yōu)的吊裝計(jì)劃,并分析了資源的調(diào)度分配和算法的優(yōu)化性能,證明采用本方法來(lái)優(yōu)化船臺(tái)吊裝順序是合理可行的。
[Abstract]:The development of ship industry has important strategic significance for national defense construction and maritime sovereignty integrity, and also provides abundant technical support for marine transportation and marine resource exploration. At the beginning of 2010, our country is a large marine country. Not only in the total shipping volume, shipbuilding volume also leapt to the first in the world. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the global economic benefit pattern is turbulent, and the competition in ship market is more intense. How to improve shipbuilding efficiency is one of the important challenges for shipyards to cope with fierce competition. Platform hoisting is an important link in ship construction, and the shipyard (dock) is an irreplaceable important facility resource. It can be said that the quantity and size of the berth (dock) directly reflect the production capacity of the shipyard. Therefore, it is of great significance to shorten the period of the platform by optimizing the hoisting scheme of the platform (dock) and improving the utilization ratio of the resources of the platform (dock). The optimization of hoisting sequence is a typical NP problem, and it is difficult to obtain the best scheme only through artificial experience. In this paper, based on ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) and resource constrained scheduling theory (RCPSP), the optimization of ship platform hoisting sequence is studied. The specific contents are as follows: firstly, the author summarizes and combs the research trends of the domestic and foreign ship platform adjustment and installation scheduling problem and RCPSP problem in detail, at the same time, based on the basic principle of ACO, in addition to the combination of the characteristics of the platform hoisting, The algorithm has been improved to meet the performance requirements of the algorithm in the process of optimizing the order of hoisting of the ship platform, so that it can play a good effect. The whole frame and function of the platform hoisting and dispatching system are given, and the construction of the data structure and the hoisting network diagram of the segmented information are studied. Under the constraint of multiple resources, the mathematical models of single ship platform hoisting and multi-ship platform hoisting are established on the basis of RCPSP resource finite-duration shortest model and combined with the characteristics of ship platform hoisting sequence optimization. An improved ant colony optimization method is presented. Finally, the improved ant colony algorithm proposed in this paper is applied to optimize the single ship hoisting and multi-ship hoisting of a shipyard in Dalian Shipyard, and to solve the shortest hoisting period and the optimal hoisting plan. The scheduling and allocation of resources and the optimization performance of the algorithm are analyzed. It is proved that this method is reasonable and feasible to optimize the order of ship platform hoisting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U673.31;TP18

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