本文選題：碳纖維復(fù)合材料 + 螺旋槳　； 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的金屬螺旋槳大多使用鎳鋁青銅合金（NAB）等材料生產(chǎn)而成，這類材料質(zhì)量大、振動(dòng)大、噪音大，造成由其所制成的螺旋槳有諸多弊端。而隨著國(guó)家的發(fā)展，社會(huì)對(duì)螺旋槳的性能要求越來越高造，尤其是軍用螺旋槳，其工作環(huán)境更復(fù)雜且隱身性能要求高。碳纖維復(fù)合材料因其比強(qiáng)度大、比剛度大、固有頻率高、阻尼大等優(yōu)越的靜動(dòng)態(tài)特性，成為了當(dāng)今船用螺旋槳新型的制作材料。由碳纖維復(fù)合材料制成的船用螺旋槳不僅可以大幅減輕其質(zhì)量，還具有強(qiáng)度高、耐腐蝕、抗沖擊、易維修、聲阻尼性能好以及低振動(dòng)低噪音等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文對(duì)碳纖維復(fù)合材料船用螺旋槳進(jìn)行了基本的設(shè)計(jì)與性能評(píng)估，并對(duì)其鋪層參數(shù)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)做了一定的探討。 本文運(yùn)用復(fù)合材料的經(jīng)典力學(xué)理論，分析得出鋪層參數(shù)對(duì)復(fù)合材料螺旋槳的力學(xué)性能及彎扭耦合效應(yīng)都有著顯著的影響，可通過對(duì)鋪層參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)，優(yōu)化碳纖維船用螺旋槳的性能，即復(fù)合材料的可設(shè)計(jì)性。另外，本文將碳纖維螺旋槳的槳葉近似等效看成槳轂端固定的懸臂梁，并基于梁?jiǎn)卧碚�，推�?dǎo)出螺旋槳槳葉彎扭耦合控制系數(shù)的表達(dá)式，，并分析出影響耦合控制系數(shù)的各項(xiàng)因素。 本文根據(jù)某金屬船用螺旋槳的型值對(duì)碳纖維船用螺旋槳進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)建模，并對(duì)槳轂端強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了校核。其次，在設(shè)計(jì)工況下，在Fluent流體分析軟件建立了螺旋槳的壓力分析模型，并對(duì)實(shí)際工作時(shí)槳葉所受的載荷進(jìn)行了分析計(jì)算。然后，將該工作載荷導(dǎo)入到Ansys有限元分析軟件中，作為槳葉的壓力載荷，運(yùn)用Ansys有限元仿真，得出不同鋪層參數(shù)下碳纖維螺旋槳槳葉的最大變形以及Tsai-Wu失效指數(shù)，探討了鋪層參數(shù)對(duì)螺旋槳強(qiáng)度性能的影響規(guī)律。之后，又在Ansys有限元分析軟件中對(duì)不同鋪層參數(shù)的碳纖維螺旋槳的前三階固有頻率和對(duì)應(yīng)的振型進(jìn)行了仿真分析，探討了鋪層參數(shù)對(duì)螺旋槳?jiǎng)恿W(xué)性能的影響規(guī)律。 分析結(jié)果表明：鋪層角度的不同對(duì)螺旋槳的各項(xiàng)性能的影響最為顯著，隨著纖維鋪層角度的增大，碳纖維螺旋槳的強(qiáng)度性能有顯著的提高，而其固有頻率隨著鋪層角度的增加呈現(xiàn)出先增大后減小的趨勢(shì)，在45°達(dá)到最大，尤其是±45°角交替鋪層時(shí)，這種改變最為明顯，鋪層設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)適當(dāng)增加±45°的鋪層；相同的鋪層厚度改變對(duì)螺旋槳的強(qiáng)度與動(dòng)力學(xué)性能基本沒有影響，而鋪層厚度比例的改變才會(huì)對(duì)其性能有一定層度的影響，當(dāng)較優(yōu)的鋪層角度連續(xù)鋪層不超過4層時(shí)，其各項(xiàng)性能達(dá)到最優(yōu)；其他鋪層參數(shù)一樣的時(shí)候，對(duì)稱鋪層方式的螺旋槳比循環(huán)鋪層方式的螺旋槳性能更優(yōu)一些。除此之外，槳葉表面的纖維鋪層角度為90°，且將較大角度的纖維鋪層鋪放在遠(yuǎn)離中間層，±45°纖維鋪層鋪放在靠近中間層時(shí)，碳纖維螺旋槳的性能最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:The traditional metal propeller is mostly produced from the materials such as nickel aluminum bronze alloy NAB and so on. This kind of material has many disadvantages such as high quality, large vibration and great noise, resulting in many disadvantages of the propeller made by it. With the development of the country, the society demands more and more high performance of the propeller, especially the military propeller, its working environment is more complex and the stealth performance is higher. Carbon fiber composite (CFRP) has become a new type of marine propeller material because of its high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high natural frequency and high damping. The marine propeller made of carbon fiber composites not only can greatly reduce its quality, but also has many advantages, such as high strength, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, easy maintenance, good acoustic damping performance and low vibration and low noise. In this paper, the basic design and performance evaluation of carbon fiber composite propeller for marine use are carried out, and the optimization design of its layer parameters is discussed. In this paper, the classical mechanics theory of composite material is used to analyze the influence of laminating parameters on the mechanical properties and bending and torsional coupling effects of composite propeller. Optimize the performance of carbon fiber marine propeller, that is, the design of composite material. In addition, the approximate equivalent of carbon fiber propeller blades is regarded as a cantilever beam fixed at the hub of the propeller. Based on the beam element theory, the expression of the coupled control coefficient of bending and torsion of propeller blades is derived. The factors influencing the coupling control coefficient are analyzed. In this paper, the structural model of carbon fiber marine propeller is established according to the type value of a metal marine propeller, and the strength of the propeller hub is checked. Secondly, under the design condition, the pressure analysis model of the propeller is established by Fluent fluid analysis software, and the load on the blade is analyzed and calculated. Then, the working load is introduced into the Ansys finite element analysis software. As the pressure load of the blade, the maximum deformation of the carbon fiber propeller blade and the Tsai-Wu failure index under different layer parameters are obtained by using the Ansys finite element simulation. The influence of layer parameters on the strength performance of propeller is discussed. After that, the first three natural frequencies and corresponding modes of carbon fiber propeller with different layering parameters are simulated and analyzed in Ansys software, and the influence of layer parameters on propeller dynamics is discussed. The results show that the influence of different laying angles on the performance of propeller is the most significant. With the increase of fiber layer angle, the strength performance of carbon fiber propeller is improved significantly. The natural frequency increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of laying angle. The change is most obvious at 45 擄, especially when 鹵45 擄angle is alternately laid, and it should be appropriately increased 鹵45 擄in layering design. The change of the same layer thickness has no effect on the strength and dynamic performance of the propeller, but the change of the ratio of the layer thickness will have a certain influence on the performance of the propeller. When the optimum angle of layering is not more than 4 layers, When the other layer parameters are the same, the propeller with symmetrical layer is better than the propeller with cyclic layer. In addition, the fiber layer angle on the blade surface is 90 擄, and the fiber layer with larger angle is located far from the middle layer, and the carbon fiber propeller has the best performance when 鹵45 擄fiber layer is placed near the middle layer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U664.33

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