本文選題：船舶夜航安全 + 船舶號(hào)燈　； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類社會(huì)工業(yè)化與城市化進(jìn)程的加快,以及人們對海洋資源開發(fā)與利用的深入,海上光污染作為一種新型污染形態(tài),對船舶夜航安全產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重威脅。從探討海上光污染的概念出發(fā),利用光學(xué)、色度學(xué)及視覺工效學(xué)等原理,系統(tǒng)分析了海上光污染對船舶夜航安全影響的機(jī)理。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出海上光污染對船舶夜航安全的影響因子,并以此為主要評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)了調(diào)查問卷；利用SPSS軟件對有效問卷的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,驗(yàn)證了前述機(jī)理分析的正確性。采用船舶號(hào)燈可識(shí)別性作為評(píng)價(jià)海上光污染程度的指標(biāo),建立了基于BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的船舶號(hào)燈識(shí)別模型；為了提高船舶號(hào)燈神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)識(shí)別模型的識(shí)別效率,對克隆選擇算法進(jìn)行了針對性的改進(jìn),將靈敏度分析法用于確定尋優(yōu)尺度因子,并用于BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,提高了尋優(yōu)的方向性與效率。通過對在海上拍攝的實(shí)景照片進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和識(shí)別的仿真,驗(yàn)證了基于改進(jìn)克隆優(yōu)化算法BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型的有效性。為了提高船舶號(hào)燈在海上光污染水域的可識(shí)別性,提出了一種基于激光二極管陣列的船舶號(hào)燈系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法�；诎雽�(dǎo)體激光器的發(fā)光原理及船舶號(hào)燈的技術(shù)屬性要求,以激光二極管作為光源,提出激光船舶號(hào)燈的設(shè)計(jì)方法,并仿真分析了該新型號(hào)燈的燈光強(qiáng)度、光弧范圍及顏色屬性。仿真結(jié)果表明,該新型號(hào)燈滿足《國際海上避碰規(guī)則》(下文簡稱《規(guī)則》)對船舶號(hào)燈各項(xiàng)技術(shù)屬性的要求。從法律角度提出防治海上光污染對船舶夜航安全影響的兩點(diǎn)措施。其一,在現(xiàn)行《規(guī)則》第三條中增加第14款——“高亮度水域”的定義,并修改《規(guī)則》第二章第三節(jié)的標(biāo)題及內(nèi)容,使得《規(guī)則》能夠更好地指導(dǎo)避碰實(shí)踐、厘清船舶間的避讓責(zé)任；其二,在分析認(rèn)定海上光污染的法律依據(jù)及我國對此立法缺位的基礎(chǔ)上,提出防治海上光污染的立法構(gòu)想。綜上,本文分析并驗(yàn)證了海上光污染對船舶夜航安全影響的機(jī)理；建立了基于改進(jìn)克隆算法的船舶號(hào)燈BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)識(shí)別模型,并取得了良好的仿真效果；從技術(shù)與法律兩個(gè)層面提出了防治海上光污染的措施。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization of human society and the development and utilization of marine resources, the marine light pollution, as a new pollution form, poses a serious threat to the safety of ships' night navigation. Based on the concept of light pollution at sea and the principles of optics chromaticity and visual ergonomics the mechanism of the influence of light pollution on the safety of night navigation is analyzed systematically. On this basis, the influence factors of marine light pollution on the safety of ship night navigation are put forward, and the questionnaire is designed as the main evaluation index, and the effective questionnaire data are analyzed by SPSS software. The correctness of the mechanism analysis is verified. A ship light recognition model based on BP neural network is established to improve the recognition efficiency of ship light signal recognition model. The clonal selection algorithm is improved and the sensitivity analysis method is used to determine the optimization scale factor and to optimize the structure of BP neural network to improve the orientation and efficiency of the optimization. The effectiveness of BP neural network model based on the improved clone optimization algorithm is verified by learning and recognizing the real scene photos taken at sea. In order to improve the identifiability of ship lights in light-polluted waters at sea, a design method of ship lights system based on laser diode array is proposed. Based on the luminescence principle of semiconductor laser and the technical property requirement of ship light, the design method of laser ship light is put forward with laser diode as light source, and the light intensity of the new type lamp is simulated and analyzed. Range of light arc and color attribute. The simulation results show that the new model meets the requirements of the International Code for preventing collisions at Sea (hereinafter referred to as "Code") for the technical properties of ship lights. From the point of view of law, this paper puts forward two measures to prevent and control the effects of light pollution on the safety of night navigation of ships. First, to add the definition of "high luminous waters" to Article 3 of the existing rules, and to amend the title and content of section 3 of Chapter II of the rules so that the rules can better guide the practice of collision avoidance. Secondly, based on the analysis of the legal basis for the determination of light pollution at sea and the absence of legislation in our country, the legislative conception of preventing and controlling light pollution at sea is put forward. In summary, this paper analyzes and verifies the mechanism of the influence of marine light pollution on the safety of ship night navigation, establishes the BP network recognition model of ship lights based on improved clone algorithm, and obtains good simulation results. The measures of preventing and controlling light pollution at sea are put forward from two aspects of technology and law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U676.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 苗鳳林;李龍;初秀民;李朝輝;;通用型船舶信號(hào)燈控制器設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];船舶工程;2011年02期

2 朱金善,孫立成,洪碧光;背景亮度及眩光對夜航船舶避碰的影響[J];大連海事大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2003年03期

3 朱金善;戴冉;孫立成;岳興旺;;基于甚高頻通信的船舶號(hào)燈信號(hào)收發(fā)系統(tǒng)[J];大連海事大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2006年01期

4 杜海峰,焦李成,劉若辰;免疫優(yōu)勢克隆算法[J];電子與信息學(xué)報(bào);2004年12期

5 張浩;徐海松;;光源相關(guān)色溫算法的比較研究[J];光學(xué)儀器;2006年01期

6 孫艷秋;;西門子S7-200 PLC在船舶航行燈監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J];工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī);2011年02期

7 徐文清;詹杰;徐青山;;天空背景亮度測量系統(tǒng)的研制[J];光學(xué)精密工程;2013年01期

8 朱金善;章文俊;孫立成;;海上光污染的致因及其分布規(guī)律的研究[J];航海技術(shù);2011年03期

9 鐘建東;船舶號(hào)燈識(shí)別模型[J];航海教育研究;1998年03期

10 吳靜;淺談城市環(huán)境中的光污染[J];環(huán)境衛(wèi)生工程;2003年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 蘇曉明;居住區(qū)光污染綜合評(píng)價(jià)研究[D];天津大學(xué);2012年

2 吳翔;半導(dǎo)體激光光束的特性及其耦合技術(shù)[D];浙江大學(xué);2004年

3 劉鳴;城市照明中主要光污染的測量、實(shí)驗(yàn)與評(píng)價(jià)研究[D];天津大學(xué);2007年

4 張志軍;大功率半導(dǎo)體激光器合束技術(shù)及應(yīng)用研究[D];中國科學(xué)院研究生院（長春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所）;2013年

5 孫磊;環(huán)境相鄰權(quán)研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2014年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 史娜;光污染防治立法研究[D];中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2010年

2 李印;海上光污染對夜航船舶避碰影響的研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：1953664