本文選題：龍卷風 + 風荷載　； 參考：《西安交通大學學報》2016年05期

【摘要】：為研究龍卷風風場對船舶穩(wěn)定性的影響,利用龍卷風風場模型分析了船舶風荷載特性及其隨方位的變化規(guī)律。龍卷風風場模型在柱坐標系下形成并假定流場定常,龍卷風的漏斗外形軸對稱,且從外圍到中心的氣壓降主要由切向風速產生的離心力來平衡;以"東方之星"船舶簡化模型為例,計算了船舶的最小傾覆力矩,并從船舶航向以及船舶位于龍卷風風場的不同徑向位置分析了船舶傾覆的力學條件。研究結果表明:船舶航向垂直于龍卷風的徑向時,船兩側負壓差大于最小傾覆力矩,從而導致船舶傾覆;船舶航向平行于龍卷風的徑向時,船舶受高速風的沖擊而發(fā)生傾覆,傾覆方向與龍卷風的切向一致;船舶航向與龍卷風風場徑向成任意夾角時,傾覆取決于船舶相對于龍卷風中心的位置、龍卷風切向風速以及船舶航速。該結果可為船舶設計及龍卷風預警研究提供參考。
[Abstract]:In order to study the influence of tornado wind field on ship stability, the wind load characteristics of ship and its variation law with azimuth are analyzed by using tornado wind field model. The tornado wind field model is formed in the cylindrical coordinate system and assumed that the flow field is steady. The funnel shape of the tornado is axisymmetric and the pressure drop from the periphery to the center is mainly balanced by the centrifugal force generated by the tangential wind speed. Taking the simplified model of "East Star" ship as an example, the minimum overturning moment of the ship is calculated, and the mechanical conditions of the ship capsizing are analyzed from the ship's course and the different radial positions of the ship in the tornado wind field. The results show that when the ship's course is perpendicular to the radial direction of the tornado, the negative pressure difference on both sides of the ship is greater than the minimum overturning moment, which results in the ship overturning, and when the ship's course is parallel to the tornado's radial direction, the ship is capsized by the impact of high speed wind. The capsizing direction is consistent with the tangential direction of tornado, and when the direction of ship and tornado wind field is at any angle, the capsizing depends on the position of the ship relative to the center of the tornado, the tangential wind speed of the tornado and the speed of the ship. The results can provide reference for ship design and tornado warning research.
【作者單位】： 西安交通大學人居環(huán)境與建筑工程學院;武漢理工大學能源與動力工程學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(40675011,10872159)
【分類號】：U661

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