本文選題：海上風機 + 氣動性能�。� 參考：《上海交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代社會對能源需求的不斷增加和傳統(tǒng)能源的日益開采消耗,能源危機越來越凸顯。人們開始尋找出路,于是將目光投向了新能源領域。風能尤其是海上風能作為一種清潔的、可再生的新能源,在近幾年得到了充分的發(fā)展,越來越引起了各國政府的重視,成為了未來能源發(fā)展的重要方向。研究海上風機,對于發(fā)展海上風電,解決未來能源問題具有重要意義。本文以計算流體力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)的開源軟件平臺Open FOAM為工具,利用數(shù)值模擬的方法計算了海上風機的氣動性能、浮式平臺在波浪中的水動力性能,以及海上風機對浮式平臺運動響應的影響等初步耦合分析,并利用CFD方法能直接模擬三維粘性流場的優(yōu)勢,分析了海上風機的尾流場,為今后進行海上風機整體耦合分析奠定了基礎。本文首先介紹了兩種求解葉片旋轉(zhuǎn)運動的方法:多重參考系法求解定常流場問題和滑移網(wǎng)格法求解非定常流場問題,并分別用螺旋槳和美國國家可再生能源實驗室NREL Phase VI風機的標準算例對這兩種方法進行了驗證,表明了這兩種方法的可靠性。在此基礎上,針對海上風機的氣動性能分析,首先研究了湍流模型、計算域大小以及不同偏航角等不同參數(shù)對數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果精確性的影響。然后,針對國際能源署(International Energy Agency,IEA)Task30的Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration Continuation(簡稱OC4)Phase II所用的NREL 5MW海上風機,分別用多重參考系法和滑移網(wǎng)格法計算了葉片的氣動性能。并且為了研究塔影效應,計算了葉片帶塔架時的氣動性能。最后,針對海上風機的浮式平臺,利用小組基于Open FOAM平臺開發(fā)的naoe-FOAM-SJTU求解器計算了平臺在波浪中的受力和運動響應。并采用等效的辦法,將風機的影響等效為固定的力和矩施加在平臺的旋轉(zhuǎn)中心上,對比了此時平臺的受力和運動響應,分析了自由面的速度場和壓力場以及平臺的壓力分布的變化情況,研究了風機對平臺水動力性能的影響。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for energy and the increasing exploitation and consumption of traditional energy in modern society, the energy crisis is becoming more and more prominent. People began to look for a way out, so they turned their eyes to the new energy field. Wind energy, especially offshore wind energy, as a kind of clean and renewable new energy, has been fully developed in recent years, which has attracted more and more attention of governments and become an important direction of energy development in the future. The study of offshore wind turbines is of great significance to the development of offshore wind power and the solution of future energy problems. In this paper, the open source software platform Open FOAM of Computational fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to calculate the aerodynamic performance of offshore fan and the hydrodynamic performance of floating platform in waves by means of numerical simulation. The influence of offshore fan on the motion response of floating platform is analyzed, and the wake flow field of offshore fan is analyzed by using the advantage of CFD method which can directly simulate the three-dimensional viscous flow field. It lays a foundation for the whole coupling analysis of offshore fan in the future. In this paper, we first introduce two methods to solve the rotating motion of blades: the multiple reference system method to solve the steady flow field problem and the slip grid method to solve the unsteady flow field problem. The two methods are verified by the standard examples of propeller and NREL Phase VI fan in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and the reliability of the two methods is proved. Based on the analysis of aerodynamic performance of offshore fan, the effects of turbulence model, calculation domain size and different yaw angle on the accuracy of numerical simulation results are studied. Then, for the Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration continuation (referred to as OC4)Phase II) of Offshore Code Collaboration continuation (OC4)Phase II), the aerodynamic performance of the blade is calculated by the multiple reference system method and the slip grid method, respectively. In order to study the tower shadow effect, the aerodynamic performance of blade with tower was calculated. Finally, for the floating platform of offshore fan, using the naoe-FOAM-SJTU solver developed by the group based on Open FOAM platform, the force and motion response of the platform in wave are calculated. The effect of the fan is equivalent to the fixed force and moment applied to the rotating center of the platform by the equivalent method, and the force and the motion response of the platform are compared. The variation of velocity field and pressure field of the free surface and the pressure distribution of the platform are analyzed, and the influence of the fan on the hydrodynamic performance of the platform is studied.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U661;U674.38

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