本文選題：軸系校中　切入點(diǎn)：電阻應(yīng)變片法　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：船舶在實(shí)際航行時(shí)軸系受到主機(jī)激振力、螺旋槳水動(dòng)力、油膜壓力等各類(lèi)動(dòng)態(tài)因素影響作用。隨著船舶大型化趨勢(shì),船舶主機(jī)功率越來(lái)越高,傳動(dòng)軸越來(lái)越粗,這些動(dòng)態(tài)因素的影響也越來(lái)越大。這就使船舶軸系在靜止時(shí)的軸承負(fù)荷與運(yùn)行時(shí)的軸承負(fù)荷不相同。傳統(tǒng)的軸系負(fù)荷測(cè)量都只是針對(duì)船舶軸系靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)時(shí)測(cè)量的,而無(wú)法測(cè)量軸系轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)的動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)荷,這與船舶運(yùn)行實(shí)際情況不符。目前尚未有一套測(cè)量系統(tǒng)可以測(cè)量船舶軸系運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)的動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)荷。本文基于電阻應(yīng)變法對(duì)軸系動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)荷測(cè)量技術(shù)展開(kāi)研究。首先研究動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)荷計(jì)算算法,采集完整的應(yīng)變波形,結(jié)合數(shù)字濾波技術(shù)對(duì)采集的信號(hào)進(jìn)行頻域分析,設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)字濾波器濾除相關(guān)誤差點(diǎn)。通過(guò)分析軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)的應(yīng)變波形,推導(dǎo)出軸系截面最大應(yīng)變值,算得軸截面彎矩,結(jié)合力和彎矩的平衡方程,求出各軸承負(fù)荷分配情況。其次,在算法研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文開(kāi)發(fā)了動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)荷測(cè)試的測(cè)量硬件系統(tǒng),通過(guò)無(wú)線(xiàn)應(yīng)變發(fā)射和接收裝置來(lái)采集應(yīng)變片上的動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)變信號(hào)；選擇合適的磁敏轉(zhuǎn)角傳感器來(lái)記錄應(yīng)變片轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角度。根據(jù)測(cè)量設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的測(cè)量流程,并按照算法以及硬件操作流程采用VB.NET和MATLAB混合編程的方法開(kāi)發(fā)相應(yīng)的測(cè)量軟件程序。并通過(guò)實(shí)船測(cè)量計(jì)算來(lái)證明船舶軸系動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)荷測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的可行性。
[Abstract]:The shafting is affected by various dynamic factors, such as the exciting force of the main engine, the hydrodynamic force of the propeller, the oil film pressure and so on.With the trend of large-scale ship, the power of the main engine is higher and the driving shaft is thicker. The influence of these dynamic factors is more and more great.This makes the bearing load of the ship shafting at rest different from the bearing load in operation.The traditional shafting load measurement is only aimed at the static state of the ship shafting, but it can not measure the dynamic load when the shafting rotates, which is not in accordance with the actual operation of the ship.At present, there is no measuring system to measure the dynamic load of ship shafting.In this paper, the dynamic load measurement technology of shafting is studied based on resistance strain method.Firstly, the dynamic load calculation algorithm is studied, the complete strain waveform is collected, the frequency domain analysis of the collected signal is carried out with the digital filtering technology, and the digital filter is designed to filter the relative error points.By analyzing the strain waveform of shaft rotation, the maximum strain value of shaft system section is deduced, and the equilibrium equations of axial section bending moment, binding force and bending moment are calculated, and the load distribution of each bearing is obtained.Secondly, based on the research of the algorithm, the hardware system of dynamic load measurement is developed, which collects the dynamic strain signal on the strain gauge by wireless strain transmitting and receiving device.Select the appropriate magnetic sensor to record the rotation angle of strain gauge.The corresponding measurement flow is designed according to the measuring equipment, and the corresponding measurement software program is developed according to the algorithm and the hardware operation flow by using the mixed programming method of VB.NET and MATLAB.The feasibility of the dynamic load testing system of ship shafting is proved by actual ship measurement calculation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U664.21

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