本文選題：機載AIS　切入點：SOTDMA協(xié)議　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：AIS船舶自動識別系統(tǒng)能提供精確的船舶位置與屬性信息,通過信息融合技術(shù)能有效彌補雷達(dá)測向精度不高的影響。為了對更大范圍內(nèi)的海域進(jìn)行監(jiān)視,本文對升空AIS與雷達(dá)信息融合技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,以提高平臺對海的跟蹤探測能力。本文主要涉及的工作:1、對升空平臺AIS系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行研究。本文介紹了AIS系統(tǒng)的工作原理與SOTDMA協(xié)議過程,分析了升空AIS監(jiān)視范圍與出現(xiàn)信號沖突的問題,并且根據(jù)信號區(qū)別接收原理得到了時隙沖突、檢測容量與發(fā)現(xiàn)概率之間的關(guān)系。分析分區(qū)域接收提高發(fā)現(xiàn)概率的可行性,并在matlab下仿真驗證。2、通過對AIS數(shù)據(jù)報的編解碼原理進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí),分析了AIS主要的數(shù)據(jù)報文類型,并且通過軟件實現(xiàn)AIS數(shù)據(jù)包的解析,并在電子海圖上顯示,為融合中心利用AIS信息提供支撐。3、本文基于信息融合系統(tǒng)的理論知識,分析了數(shù)據(jù)融合的模型與基本過程。利用擬合的航向信息對航跡平滑,提升海面目標(biāo)航跡質(zhì)量。在不同的測量噪聲環(huán)境下,從插值精度與算法耗時方面仿真對比分析了最小二乘與拉格朗日插值方法的優(yōu)缺點。推導(dǎo)存在測量噪聲的基于AIS的三維空間配準(zhǔn)算法,利用kalman濾波對系統(tǒng)誤差進(jìn)行估計,仿真分析了該算法配準(zhǔn)精度與收斂速度。提出了基于DS理論的灰色航跡關(guān)聯(lián)方法,該方法通過利用冗余的歷史數(shù)據(jù)的組合證據(jù)進(jìn)行判決,提高了正確關(guān)聯(lián)概率。通過將其與統(tǒng)計雙門限、模糊雙門限關(guān)聯(lián)算法在正確關(guān)聯(lián)率、運行效率、適用環(huán)境等方面進(jìn)行對比,為操作員選擇算法提供參考。4、對升空AIS與雷達(dá)航跡融合系統(tǒng)做了總體設(shè)計,并在windows平臺下用QT開發(fā)工具實現(xiàn)了AIS與雷達(dá)航跡信息融合系統(tǒng)。重點對接收航跡的處理、航跡管理、航跡關(guān)聯(lián)的處理流程與關(guān)聯(lián)算法進(jìn)行了設(shè)計。通過模擬信息源進(jìn)行測試,完成空中對海目標(biāo)航跡的關(guān)聯(lián)與融合,仿真結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)有較高的正確關(guān)聯(lián)率,融合結(jié)果提高了目標(biāo)航跡的精確度。本項目得到了“十二五”裝備預(yù)研的資助。
[Abstract]:The AIS automatic ship identification system can provide accurate position and attribute information of ships, and it can effectively compensate for the influence of low precision of radar direction finding by information fusion technology. In this paper, the information fusion technology between airborne AIS and radar is studied. In order to improve the ability of the platform to track and detect the sea, the main work of this paper is to study the problems in the AIS system of the launching platform. The working principle of the AIS system and the process of the SOTDMA protocol are introduced in this paper. In this paper, the problem of monitoring range and signal conflict in airborne AIS is analyzed, and the relationship between slot conflict, detection capacity and detection probability is obtained according to the principle of signal receiving, and the feasibility of improving detection probability by sub-area reception is analyzed. By studying the encoding and decoding principle of AIS Datagram, the main data packet types of AIS are analyzed, and the analysis of AIS packet is realized by software, which is displayed on the electronic chart. In order to support the fusion center by using AIS information, this paper analyzes the model and basic process of data fusion based on the theoretical knowledge of information fusion system. Improve the track quality of sea surface targets. In different measurement noise environments, The advantages and disadvantages of the least square and Lagrange interpolation methods are compared and analyzed from the aspects of interpolation precision and the time consuming of the algorithm. A 3D registration algorithm based on AIS with measurement noise is derived, and the system error is estimated by using kalman filter. The registration accuracy and convergence speed of the algorithm are simulated and analyzed. A grey track correlation method based on DS theory is proposed. The method is based on the combination of redundant historical data. By comparing it with statistical double threshold, fuzzy double threshold correlation algorithm in correct correlation rate, running efficiency, applicable environment and so on, the correct correlation probability is improved. This paper provides a reference for operator selection algorithm .4and makes the overall design of the airborne AIS and radar track fusion system, and realizes the AIS and radar track information fusion system with QT development tools under the windows platform. The emphasis is on the receiving track processing and track management. The processing flow of track association and the correlation algorithm are designed. Through the test of simulated information source, the correlation and fusion of sea target tracks in the air are completed. The simulation results show that the system has a high correct correlation rate. The fusion results improve the accuracy of the target track.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U675.7

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 何友,陸大，

本文編號：1666140