發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-15 14:40

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 前視聲吶 密度加權(quán) D類功放 PWM 發(fā)射機(jī)　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)對(duì)海洋資源開發(fā)的日益深入與海運(yùn)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,與海洋相關(guān)的各種技術(shù)也越來越受到重視。我國(guó)的海岸線遼闊,有著眾多的港口,是發(fā)展中的海洋大國(guó),發(fā)展海洋探測(cè)技術(shù)對(duì)我國(guó)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有著巨大的推動(dòng)作用。前視聲吶技術(shù)在保障水上交通安全,水下環(huán)境資源勘探,碼頭港口建設(shè)、內(nèi)陸水資源調(diào)查、河道疏浚等領(lǐng)域有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。論文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容有:調(diào)研了目前前視聲吶的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及其工作原理。從波束形成的原理出發(fā),對(duì)陣列設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵問題進(jìn)行了闡述。針對(duì)陣列的旁瓣問題,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的幅度加權(quán)方法進(jìn)行了分析,并提出了一種適合小陣元數(shù)聲吶基陣使用的密度加權(quán)方法。針對(duì)前視聲吶系統(tǒng)的具體要求,分析了各種功放形式優(yōu)劣,最終選擇了基于D類功放的發(fā)射機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方案。并針對(duì)方案中暴露出來的幅相控制精度差、系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜等缺陷,提出了一種改良的PWM信號(hào)形式,對(duì)其進(jìn)行計(jì)算仿真,給出了超聲信號(hào)幅度與PWM脈沖寬度之間的計(jì)算公式,得到了滿足要求的結(jié)果。設(shè)計(jì)了使用FPGA為控制核心,超聲驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片HV7350為功放核心的硬件電路,編寫了FPGA程序,并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的功能。為前視聲吶的研究發(fā)展提供了一定的理論參考。
[Abstract]:With the deepening development of marine resources and the development of maritime trade in China, more and more attention has been paid to various technologies related to the sea. China has a vast coastline, has many ports, and is a developing marine power. The development of ocean exploration technology plays a great role in promoting the development of marine economy in China. Forward looking sonar technology is used to ensure the safety of water transportation, the exploration of underwater environment and resources, the construction of ports and wharfs, and the investigation of inland water resources. River dredging and other fields have broad application prospects. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the development and working principle of foresight sonar are investigated, and the principle of beamforming is introduced. The key problems of array design are expounded, and the traditional amplitude weighting method is analyzed for the sidelobe problem of array. A density weighting method suitable for small array sonar array is proposed. According to the specific requirements of forward looking sonar system, the advantages and disadvantages of various power amplifier forms are analyzed. Finally, the transmitter design scheme based on class D power amplifier is selected, and a modified PWM signal form is proposed to solve the problems of poor amplitude and phase control accuracy and complex system structure. The calculation formula between the amplitude of ultrasonic signal and the pulse width of PWM is given, and the results are obtained. The hardware circuit using FPGA as the control core and the ultrasonic driver chip HV7350 as the core of power amplifier is designed, and the FPGA program is written. The function of the system is verified by experiments, which provides a theoretical reference for the research and development of forward looking sonar.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U666.7

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