【摘要】：二氧化硅介孔材料具有孔體積大、比表面積高、介孔孔道均勻等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在吸附及催化等方面具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本論文采用水熱共縮聚法,分別以十二烷基硫酸鈉、十六烷基三甲基溴化銨和聚環(huán)氧乙烷-聚環(huán)氧丙烷-聚環(huán)氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物為模板劑,合成帶有含氨基團(tuán)的ASM、MCM-41-NH2、SBA-15-NH2三種二氧化硅介孔吸附材料。三種材料經(jīng)過(guò)磷酸處理,得到含有磷酸基團(tuán)的二氧化硅介孔吸附材料。通過(guò)掃描電鏡(SEM)、傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FT-IR)表征、比表面積及孔徑分析(BET)、能譜儀(EDS)等分析手段對(duì)上述三種材料進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)及性能表征,結(jié)果表明上述幾種材料的比表面積較大,具有不同尺寸孔徑,且存在氨基、磷酸基團(tuán)等功能基團(tuán)。共縮聚法合成帶有氨基的ASM材料進(jìn)行磷酸改性后的ASM-P材料對(duì)鑭系金屬La(Ⅲ)、Ce(Ⅲ)、Pr(Ⅲ)三價(jià)離子的吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,ASM-P材料對(duì)鑭系金屬鑭和鈰的吸附能力對(duì)比ASM略有增強(qiáng),吸附時(shí)間都穩(wěn)定在30min左右。改性后的ASM-P材料在pH=4能達(dá)到最佳吸附效果,較改性前有所降低。ASM-P材料對(duì)三價(jià)金屬的吸附能力明顯優(yōu)于二價(jià)金屬。在多種材料對(duì)鑭系金屬Pr3+的吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,ASM-P材料對(duì)Pr3+的吸附能力優(yōu)于ASM及商用的MCM-41及SBA-15。用共縮聚氨基改性后磷酸嫁接的方式對(duì)MCM-41及SBA-15材料改性后,兩種材料的吸附能力也都有了較大改觀。為了擴(kuò)大介孔材料的應(yīng)用范圍,采用羧甲基纖維素鈉和聚乙烯醇進(jìn)行了介孔材料粉末的成膜實(shí)驗(yàn)。并用SEM、TG等手段進(jìn)行了成膜的性能表征,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,介孔材料粉末在羧甲基纖維素鈉及聚乙烯醇形成的基底上可以很好的分散成膜,具有較好的熱穩(wěn)定性。本文同時(shí)用改進(jìn)的Hummers法進(jìn)行了氧化石墨烯的制備,使用水合肼進(jìn)行還原,并使用SEM等手段進(jìn)行了表征。合成的氧化石墨烯具有良好的水溶液分散性,同時(shí)采用滴涂干燥方法能制備出低厚度氧化石墨烯薄膜。用上述的滴涂法制備氧化石墨烯薄膜與尖端導(dǎo)流自組裝的聚苯乙烯小球光子晶體進(jìn)行了復(fù)合,使用SEM、德拜環(huán)衍射,電化學(xué)工作站等手段進(jìn)行了表征,結(jié)果表明此種納米材料具有二維光子晶體結(jié)構(gòu),并具有較好的導(dǎo)電性。
[Abstract]:Silica mesoporous materials have the advantages of large pore volume, high specific surface area and uniform mesoporous channels, which have broad application prospects in adsorption and catalysis. ASM, with amino groups was synthesized by hydrothermal co-polymerization using sodium dodecyl sulfate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and poly (ethylene oxide)-poly (epoxypropane)-poly (ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer as templates. MCM-41-NH2,SBA-15-NH2 three silica mesoporous adsorption materials. Three kinds of materials were treated with phosphoric acid to obtain silica mesoporous adsorptive materials containing phosphate groups. The structure and properties of the three materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), specific surface area and pore size analysis (BET), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the above-mentioned materials have large specific surface area, different pore sizes and functional groups such as amino group, phosphoric acid group and so on. Adsorption of lanthanide metal La (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2446446