【摘要】：在塑膠行業(yè)中，很多采用模內(nèi)注塑技術(shù)成型的塑膠制品中都帶有高價值的金屬嵌件，而金屬嵌件的市場價格往往占塑膠制品原材料成本的90%。但是在注塑過程中，往往會由于縮水、熔接痕等各種缺陷而產(chǎn)生不良品。因此，如何回收這些不良品中的金屬嵌件是一個具有較大經(jīng)濟價值的課題。 目前，很多企業(yè)采用將這些不良品浸泡于化學(xué)藥水中，，待塑膠被化學(xué)藥水腐蝕并軟化之后，再手工將金屬嵌件與塑膠分離。這種回收方法不僅效率低下，而且會嚴(yán)重?fù)p害工人的身體健康和污染環(huán)境。而有些企業(yè)則是利用導(dǎo)熱油的高溫將塑膠制品中的塑膠熔化，以此來將塑膠與金屬分離，這種方法雖然回收效率比較高，但是也存在健康問題和環(huán)保問題。 本文首先創(chuàng)新性地提出以紅外線加熱為主、以空氣加熱為輔的雙重加熱模式來作為金屬回收裝置的基本工作原理，再利用離心力和空氣噴射的雙重作用，促使處于熔融狀態(tài)的塑膠與金屬嵌件分離。其次，在確定工作原理之后，就著手進行裝置的開發(fā)工作。裝置的開發(fā)工作主要分成機械設(shè)計和控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計兩部分。機械設(shè)計主要是對裝置進行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計，而控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計主要分成電器控制硬件設(shè)計和控制程序編程與軟件設(shè)計兩部分。 在裝置設(shè)計與裝配完成之后，通過裝置的調(diào)試，驗證了裝置的基本功能是可以實現(xiàn)的。通過實驗，測試裝置的回收效果和回收效率，根據(jù)實驗結(jié)果分析其回收成本和所能創(chuàng)造的經(jīng)濟效益。結(jié)果表明，該裝置的回收效率略低于導(dǎo)熱油加熱法，而回收效果、回收成本以及所能產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟效益則比導(dǎo)熱油加熱法有明顯的優(yōu)勢。 在調(diào)試與實驗過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)該金屬回收裝置存在裝置振動、熱量浪費以及控溫滯后這三個問題亟待解決，因此，本文最后通過對裝置結(jié)構(gòu)和控制系統(tǒng)進行優(yōu)化，解決了裝置存在的這三個問題。
[Abstract]:In the plastic industry, many plastic products using in-mold injection molding technology have high-value metal inserts, and the market price of metal inserts often accounts for 90% of the raw material cost of plastic products. However, in the injection molding process, it is often due to shrinkage, weld marks and other defects and produce undesirable products. Therefore, how to recover metal inserts from these defective products is a subject of great economic value. At present, many enterprises use to soak these defective products in the chemical medicine water, after the plastic is corroded and softened by the chemical liquid, the metal insert is separated from the plastic by hand. This recycling method is not only inefficient, but also seriously harms workers' health and pollutes the environment. Some enterprises use the high temperature of heat conduction oil to melt plastic in plastic products to separate plastics from metal. Although the recovery efficiency of this method is high, but there are health problems and environmental protection problems. In this paper, we creatively put forward the dual heating mode, which is mainly infrared heating and air heating, as the basic working principle of metal recovery device, and then make use of the double action of centrifugal force and air injection, and then make use of the double action of centrifugal force and air injection. Causes the plastic in molten state to separate from metal insert. Secondly, after determining the working principle, proceed with the development of the device. The development of the device is divided into two parts: mechanical design and control system design. Mechanical design is mainly to design the structure of the device, and the control system design is divided into two parts: electrical control hardware design, control program programming and software design. After the design and assembly of the device is completed, the basic function of the device is verified by the debugging of the device. Through the experiment, the recovery effect and recovery efficiency of the equipment are tested, and the cost of recovery and the economic benefit can be created are analyzed according to the experimental results. The results show that the recovery efficiency of the unit is slightly lower than that of the heat conduction oil heating method, while the recovery effect, recovery cost and economic benefits produced by this device are obviously superior to that of the heat conduction oil heating method. In the process of debugging and experiment, it is found that the metal recovery device has three problems: device vibration, heat waste and temperature control lag. Therefore, the structure and control system of the metal recovery device are optimized by means of optimization of the device structure and control system. The three problems existing in the device are solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TQ336.44

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