功能化（類）石墨烯納米復(fù)合材料在常見污染物檢測、吸附中的應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-23 11:18
【摘要】：伴隨城市化、工業(yè)化的不斷擴張,非農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉水的使用急劇增加,導致大量的重金屬、抗生素、有毒染料等污染物通過生活污水和工業(yè)廢水進入水體中,不僅對環(huán)境造成了巨大的破壞,而且嚴重危害著人類和動物的健康。因此,對水體中污染物的檢測和治理至關(guān)重要。(類)石墨烯材料和自摻雜聚苯胺均具有大π鍵共軛體系。若將這兩種材料采用某一些途徑進行復(fù)合,可制成新的功能化材料。該材料可通過兩種材料之間的電子傳遞,實現(xiàn)材料之間的性能互補,從而進一步增強新型材料的性能,同時這也規(guī)避了(類)石墨烯因其緊密堆積的結(jié)構(gòu)特征而造成的團聚,避免因為團聚所導致(類)石墨烯喪失單層分子的獨特性能。(類)石墨烯-自摻雜聚苯胺納米材料由于其具有大的表面積、高的電化學性能和低的制作成本等優(yōu)點,在電化學傳感材料和吸附劑材料方面得到了越來越多的關(guān)注�；诖�,本論文采用液相剝離法、化學法和冷凍／解凍法成功制備了氧化石墨烯-自摻雜聚苯胺納米材料、氧化石墨烯-自摻雜聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇復(fù)合水凝膠以及二硫化鉬-自摻雜聚苯胺納米材料,并將其分別應(yīng)用于重金屬離子、抗生素小分子的電化學檢測和染料分子的吸附中,詳細的研究成果如下：(])采用液相剝離法成功制備了新穎的氧化石墨烯-自摻雜聚苯胺(GNO-SPAN)納米復(fù)合材料。通過掃描電鏡(SEM)和循環(huán)伏安法(CV)對GNO-SPAN納米材料的結(jié)構(gòu)特征和電化學性質(zhì)進行了表征�；贕NO-SPAN納米材料大的有效面積、強的導電性和高的穩(wěn)定性,構(gòu)建了鉛、鎘離子和氯霉素電化學傳感平臺,實現(xiàn)了對溶液中鉛、鎘離子的同步檢測和氯霉素的高靈敏檢測。(2)采用簡單的化學法和冷凍/解凍方法制備了一種新穎的氧化石墨烯-自摻雜聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇(GNO-SPAN-PVA)三維復(fù)合水凝膠。該三維復(fù)合水凝膠具有豐富的負電荷和大的表面積,可作為亞甲基藍等陽離子染料的有效的吸附劑。研究了GNO-SPAN-PVA復(fù)合水凝膠對亞甲基藍(MB)和番紅花紅-T(Safranine-T)兩種陽離子染料的吸附和再生性吸附性能,為污水中染料的吸附處理提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。(3)通過綠色簡單的液相剝離法制備了一種新穎的二硫化鉬-自摻雜聚苯胺(MoS2-SPAN)納米復(fù)合材料,這種材料具有大的有效面積和高的穩(wěn)定性,對鉛離子呈現(xiàn)出良好的導電性和吸附性。通過掃描電子顯微鏡、傅氏轉(zhuǎn)換紅外線光譜和循環(huán)伏安法對二硫化鉬-自摻雜聚苯胺復(fù)合材料進行表征�；贛oS2-SPAN大的比表面積和好的協(xié)同效應(yīng),實現(xiàn)了對鉛離子的高靈敏檢測。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of urbanization and industrialization, the use of non-agricultural irrigation water increased sharply, resulting in a large number of heavy metals, antibiotics, toxic dyes and other pollutants through domestic sewage and industrial wastewater into the water, It not only causes great damage to the environment, but also endangers human and animal health seriously. Therefore, the detection and treatment of pollutants in water is very important. (class) graphene and self-doped Polyaniline have large 蟺-bond conjugation systems. If the two materials are combined by some way, new functional materials can be made. Through the electron transfer between the two materials, the material can realize the complementary properties of the materials, thus further enhance the properties of the new materials, which also avoid the agglomeration of graphene due to its tightly stacked structure. Avoid the loss of the unique properties of graphene monolayers due to agglomeration. (class) graphene self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention in electrochemical sensing materials and adsorbent materials due to their advantages of large surface area high electrochemical performance and low fabrication cost. Based on this, graphene oxide and self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were successfully prepared by liquid stripping, chemical and freezing / thawing methods. Graphene oxide self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogels and molybdenum disulfide self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were used in the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions antibiotics and dye adsorption respectively. The detailed results are as follows: (]) novel graphene oxide / self doped Polyaniline (GNO-SPAN) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by liquid phase stripping method. The structure and electrochemical properties of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Based on the large effective area, strong conductivity and high stability of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials, an electrochemical sensing platform for lead, cadmium ions and chloramphenicol was constructed. Simultaneous detection of cadmium ion and highly sensitive detection of chloramphenicol. (2) A novel graphene oxide-self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol (GNO-SPAN-PVA) was prepared by simple chemical method and freezing / thawing method. Three dimensional composite hydrogel. The three dimensional composite hydrogel has abundant negative charge and large surface area and can be used as an effective adsorbent for cationic dyes such as methylene blue. The adsorption and regenerative adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and saffron red T (Safranine-T) cationic dyes by GNO-SPAN-PVA composite hydrogels were studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the adsorption treatment of dyes in wastewater. (3) A novel molybdenum disulfide (MoS) -self-doped Polyaniline (MoS2-SPAN) nanocomposite was prepared by a simple green liquid stripping method. This material has a large effective area and high stability, showing good conductivity and adsorption to lead ions. The molybdenum disulfide-self-doped Polyaniline composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Based on the large specific surface area and good synergistic effect of MoS2-SPAN, the high sensitive detection of lead ion was realized.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33;O647.33
本文編號：2351399
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of urbanization and industrialization, the use of non-agricultural irrigation water increased sharply, resulting in a large number of heavy metals, antibiotics, toxic dyes and other pollutants through domestic sewage and industrial wastewater into the water, It not only causes great damage to the environment, but also endangers human and animal health seriously. Therefore, the detection and treatment of pollutants in water is very important. (class) graphene and self-doped Polyaniline have large 蟺-bond conjugation systems. If the two materials are combined by some way, new functional materials can be made. Through the electron transfer between the two materials, the material can realize the complementary properties of the materials, thus further enhance the properties of the new materials, which also avoid the agglomeration of graphene due to its tightly stacked structure. Avoid the loss of the unique properties of graphene monolayers due to agglomeration. (class) graphene self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention in electrochemical sensing materials and adsorbent materials due to their advantages of large surface area high electrochemical performance and low fabrication cost. Based on this, graphene oxide and self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were successfully prepared by liquid stripping, chemical and freezing / thawing methods. Graphene oxide self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogels and molybdenum disulfide self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were used in the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions antibiotics and dye adsorption respectively. The detailed results are as follows: (]) novel graphene oxide / self doped Polyaniline (GNO-SPAN) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by liquid phase stripping method. The structure and electrochemical properties of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Based on the large effective area, strong conductivity and high stability of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials, an electrochemical sensing platform for lead, cadmium ions and chloramphenicol was constructed. Simultaneous detection of cadmium ion and highly sensitive detection of chloramphenicol. (2) A novel graphene oxide-self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol (GNO-SPAN-PVA) was prepared by simple chemical method and freezing / thawing method. Three dimensional composite hydrogel. The three dimensional composite hydrogel has abundant negative charge and large surface area and can be used as an effective adsorbent for cationic dyes such as methylene blue. The adsorption and regenerative adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and saffron red T (Safranine-T) cationic dyes by GNO-SPAN-PVA composite hydrogels were studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the adsorption treatment of dyes in wastewater. (3) A novel molybdenum disulfide (MoS) -self-doped Polyaniline (MoS2-SPAN) nanocomposite was prepared by a simple green liquid stripping method. This material has a large effective area and high stability, showing good conductivity and adsorption to lead ions. The molybdenum disulfide-self-doped Polyaniline composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Based on the large specific surface area and good synergistic effect of MoS2-SPAN, the high sensitive detection of lead ion was realized.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33;O647.33
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 吳曉豐,楊鷺花;氯霉素殘留的危害及其檢測方法[J];動物醫(yī)學進展;2004年03期
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