【摘要】：全球能源消耗激增導(dǎo)致了能源緊缺難題、因此節(jié)能減排已然成為世界性的研究課題。我國建筑能耗占國家總耗能的三分之一,其中建筑外墻能量流失的比例高達40%~45%,可見建筑節(jié)能作為目前最直接也最具潛力的節(jié)能途徑越來越受到全社會的廣泛關(guān)注,其中建筑外墻保溫材料備受關(guān)注。目前泡沫塑料以其質(zhì)輕、導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)低等優(yōu)點占據(jù)較大的市場份額,但是它們?nèi)菀讓?dǎo)致火災(zāi)問題。本文基于外墻保溫材料研究現(xiàn)狀,擬研制一種以無機膠凝材料為基料,通過摻加外加劑來克服泡沫混凝土容重大、韌性差等缺陷,從而制得質(zhì)輕、保溫性好、韌性好的新型泡沫保溫材料。試驗比較了利用雙氧水化學(xué)發(fā)泡法制備的泡沫硅酸鹽水泥與利用松香發(fā)泡劑物理發(fā)泡法制備的泡沫硫鋁酸鹽水泥這兩類泡沫水泥的各項性能。0.4wt%的促凝劑碳酸鋰,5wt%的發(fā)泡劑雙氧水,泡沫硅酸鹽水泥試件容重為460kg/m3,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)為0.060W/(m?K)。相同發(fā)泡倍率下,松香摻量為2.5wt%,此時泡沫硫鋁酸鹽水泥試件容重為408kg/m3,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)為0.050W/(m?K)�？梢娕菽蜾X酸鹽水泥容重小,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)較小;因此確立本文的研究對象:泡沫硫鋁酸鹽水泥。確定制備泡沫水泥最佳工藝參數(shù)分別為:漿料溫度35℃,攪拌速率3000r/min,攪拌時間100s,最佳穩(wěn)泡劑摻量0.4wt%。但泡沫水泥試件的各項性能無法滿足實際應(yīng)用的要求。試驗通過添加二級粉煤灰與閉孔微珠復(fù)配輕骨料與水泥共混發(fā)泡,以期降低泡沫水泥試件容重和導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)。級配實驗表明:25%的微珠占比使得輕骨料空隙率最低,接近于理論值。確定閉孔微珠與二級粉煤灰比例為1:3,此時級配輕骨料導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)趨近于0.03W/(m?K)。利用級配輕骨料與硫鋁酸鹽水泥共混發(fā)泡,當(dāng)摻入41.3wt%級配輕骨料時,泡沫試件容重可降低至285kg/m3,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)降低至0.038W/(m?K),但泡沫試件力學(xué)強度下降較大。利用改性脲醛樹脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)纖維、硅藻土對泡沫水泥進行增韌改性。當(dāng)改性脲醛樹脂摻量為10wt%時,復(fù)合泡沫試件導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)可降低至0.034W/(m?K),復(fù)合泡沫試件7天抗壓強度升高至0.76MPa,28天抗壓強度升高至1.27MPa;當(dāng)PVA纖維的體積摻量達到1.5%時,壓折比下降了46.53%;摻加0.5wt%的硅藻土后泡沫水泥試件壓折比降低至0.91,壓折比下降了10%。
[Abstract]:The global energy consumption surge has led to the energy shortage problem, so energy saving and emission reduction has become a worldwide research topic. Building energy consumption in our country accounts for 1/3 of the total energy consumption in our country, of which the proportion of energy loss of building exterior wall is as high as 40% and 45%. It can be seen that building energy conservation as the most direct and potential way of energy conservation has been paid more and more attention to by the whole society. One of the building wall insulation materials have received much attention. Foam plastics occupy a large market share due to their advantages of light weight and low thermal conductivity, but they can easily lead to fire problems. In this paper, based on the present research situation of exterior wall insulation material, a kind of inorganic cementitious material as base material is developed to overcome the defects of large volume and poor toughness of foamed concrete by adding admixture, so as to make it light in weight and good in temperature preservation. A new type of foam insulation material with good toughness. The properties of foam Portland cement prepared by hydrogen peroxide chemical foaming method and foam sulphoaluminate cement prepared by physical foaming method of rosin foaming agent were compared. The bulk density of the foam Portland cement sample is 460kg / m ~ (3) and the thermal conductivity is 0.060W/ (MK). At the same foaming rate, the rosin content is 2.5 wt.The bulk density of the foam sulphoaluminate cement specimen is 408 kg / m ~ 3, and the thermal conductivity is 0.050W/ (MK). It can be seen that the bulk density and thermal conductivity of foam sulphoaluminate cement are small, so the research object of this paper: foam sulphoaluminate cement. The optimum technological parameters for the preparation of foam cement were determined as follows: slurry temperature 35 鈩，

本文編號：2328187