【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境以及食品污染的加劇,癌癥已經(jīng)成為影響人類生命健康的重要因素。治療癌癥的關(guān)鍵是早期發(fā)現(xiàn)并且早期治療,在癌癥高發(fā)并且持續(xù)升高的趨勢下,尋找有效的診斷和治療方法已經(jīng)成為研究熱點(diǎn)。目前比較常見的癌癥治療方法有手術(shù)治療、藥物治療以及放射性治療,但這些傳統(tǒng)的治療方法都存在著一些缺陷。近紅外光熱治療是利用光熱轉(zhuǎn)化原理殺死腫瘤細(xì)胞。該方法對正常組織傷害小,且治療效果好。近年來,近紅外光熱治療已經(jīng)成為研究的熱點(diǎn)。本學(xué)位論文旨在制備高效穩(wěn)定的光熱試劑,并將其應(yīng)用于腫瘤細(xì)胞以及腫瘤的近紅外光熱治療,同時(shí)也對光熱治療細(xì)胞死亡的機(jī)制進(jìn)行初步探討。本學(xué)位論文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1.制備了金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料,并應(yīng)用于肺癌細(xì)胞(A549)的近紅外光熱治療。金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料的制備方法是以凹土(凹凸棒粘土)為模板,通過靜電吸附作用將帶有負(fù)電荷的納米金球(15 nm)組裝到凹土表面,從而制備得到金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料。通過多種表征手段(TEM、XRD、EDX以及UV-Vis等)對制備的復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行了一系列的表征,結(jié)果表明已成功制備出金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料,并且納米金球不是簡單的聚集在凹土表面,而是沿著凹土的表面組裝。通過UV-Vis表征可以看出金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料在近紅外區(qū)(約670nm處)有一個(gè)吸收峰,因此可以將金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用于近紅外光熱治療。接著對該材料的光熱轉(zhuǎn)化效率進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明該納米復(fù)合材料的光熱轉(zhuǎn)化效率高達(dá)25.6%。MTT實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該納米復(fù)合材料無細(xì)胞毒性。將金-凹土納米復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用于肺癌細(xì)胞(A549)的近紅外光熱治療,治療后97%的癌細(xì)胞死亡,又將該材料應(yīng)用于A549腫瘤裸鼠的近紅外光熱治療,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明小鼠腫瘤的生長受到了抑制。2.合成了納米多枝金,并應(yīng)用于乳腺癌細(xì)胞(MCF-7)的表面增強(qiáng)拉曼光譜分析以及近紅外光熱治療。納米多枝金是通過一鍋法制備得到,從TEM以及HRTEM表征中可以看出,該納米多枝金是高枝化的。在UV-Vis光譜中,該納米多枝金在近紅外(約700 nm處)有較強(qiáng)的吸收。通過對該納米多枝金光熱轉(zhuǎn)化效率的研究,光熱轉(zhuǎn)化效率高達(dá)23.1%。MTT實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明納米多枝金無細(xì)胞毒性。利用該納米多枝金的SERS效應(yīng),光熱治療癌細(xì)胞的變化。并將納米多枝金應(yīng)用于MCF-7細(xì)胞以及乳腺癌小鼠體內(nèi)的光熱治療,治療后幾乎所有的MCF-7細(xì)胞死亡,并且小鼠的腫瘤部位明顯變小。
[Abstract]:With the worsening of environmental and food pollution, cancer has become an important factor affecting human life and health. The key to the treatment of cancer is early detection and early treatment. Under the trend of high incidence and continuous increase of cancer, finding effective diagnosis and treatment methods has become a research hotspot. At present, the common methods of cancer treatment include surgical treatment, drug therapy and radiation therapy, but there are some defects in these traditional methods. Near infrared photothermal therapy is to kill tumor cells by the principle of photothermal transformation. The method has little injury to normal tissue and good therapeutic effect. In recent years, near infrared photothermal therapy has become a hot spot. The purpose of this dissertation is to prepare high efficient and stable photothermal reagents and to apply them to tumor cells and the near infrared photothermal therapy of tumor. At the same time, the mechanism of photothermal therapy for cell death is also discussed. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows: 1. Gold-concave nanocomposites were prepared and used in near infrared photothermal therapy of lung cancer cells (A549). The preparation method of gold-attapulgite nanocomposite is to assemble the negatively charged gold nanospheres (15 nm) onto the surface of attapulgite by electrostatic adsorption using attapulgite as template. Thus gold-attapulgite nanocomposites were prepared. A series of characterization methods (such as TEM,XRD,EDX and UV-Vis) were used to characterize the composite materials. The results showed that the gold-attapulgite nanocomposites had been successfully prepared. And the nanospheres are not simply assembled on the surface of the concave soil, but are assembled along the surface of the concave earth. It can be seen by UV-Vis that there is an absorption peak in near infrared region (about 670nm) of gold-concave earth nanocomposites, so the gold-concave nanocomposites can be used in near infrared photothermal therapy. Then the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite was studied. The results showed that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite was higher than that of the 25.6%.MTT experiment. The results showed that the nanocomposite had no cytotoxicity. A549 cells were treated with gold-concave nanocomposites. 97% of the cancer cells died after the treatment, and the material was applied to the near infrared photothermal therapy of A549 tumor nude mice. The results showed that the growth of mouse tumor was inhibited. 2. 2. Nanocrystalline multibranched gold was synthesized and applied to surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and near infrared photothermal therapy. The nanocrystalline multibranched gold was prepared by one-pot method. From the characterization of TEM and HRTEM, it can be seen that the nano-multi-branched gold is highly branched. In UV-Vis spectra, the nanocrystalline gold has strong absorption in near infrared (about 700 nm). The photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocrystalline gold was as high as that of 23.1%.MTT. The results showed that there was no cytotoxicity of the nanocrystalline gold. The changes of cancer cells were treated by photothermal therapy using the SERS effect of the nanoscale multibranched gold. After photothermal therapy of MCF-7 cells and breast cancer mice, almost all MCF-7 cells died, and the tumor site of mice became smaller obviously.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R730.5;TB383.1

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