基于聲發(fā)射和數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法編織復(fù)合材料損傷破壞研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-17 14:17
【摘要】：碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料以其優(yōu)異的性能如高強(qiáng)度、高模量和耐腐蝕等在航空航天,汽車(chē)和工業(yè)領(lǐng)域廣泛應(yīng)用,而其損傷破壞過(guò)程較為復(fù)雜,了解碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料的損傷演化過(guò)程有助于其安全運(yùn)行和延長(zhǎng)使用壽命。本文通過(guò)聲發(fā)射(AE)技術(shù)和數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)(DIC)方法對(duì)碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料、碳/�；祀s編織復(fù)合材料和碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料壓痕試件的損傷過(guò)程進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)。通過(guò)這種互補(bǔ)檢測(cè)技術(shù)記錄編織復(fù)合材料試件損傷過(guò)程中的產(chǎn)生聲發(fā)射信號(hào)、位移場(chǎng)和應(yīng)變場(chǎng)信息。另外,利用應(yīng)變電測(cè)技術(shù)測(cè)量試件在拉伸過(guò)程中的宏觀應(yīng)變,借助掃描電鏡(SEM)研究其斷口特征,對(duì)試件的拉伸過(guò)程進(jìn)行有限元分析(FEA)得到其應(yīng)變場(chǎng)和位移場(chǎng),并與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)比。碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料損傷過(guò)程分為三個(gè)階段,分別為初始階段,損傷累積階段和損傷破壞階段。碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料的載荷-時(shí)間曲線和應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線呈線性關(guān)系;幅度為50-70dB,峰值頻率為200-300kHz的聲發(fā)射信號(hào)與基體損傷有關(guān),而幅度為80-100dB,峰值頻率為300-600kHz的聲發(fā)射信號(hào)與纖維斷裂有關(guān)。利用數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法測(cè)得試件位移場(chǎng)和應(yīng)變場(chǎng)信息,發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于相同的載荷增量,位移呈逐漸減小的趨勢(shì),而最大拉伸應(yīng)呈先增加然后減小趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)有限元分析方法對(duì)試件拉伸過(guò)程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,其分析結(jié)果與應(yīng)變電測(cè)量技術(shù)測(cè)得的應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線和DIC方法測(cè)量的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合良好。對(duì)于碳/�；祀s編織復(fù)合材料試件,其損傷分為兩個(gè)階段,分別為損傷累積階段和破壞階段。聲發(fā)射信號(hào)幅度分布于碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料試件大致相同。通過(guò)數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法測(cè)得碳/�；祀s斜紋編織復(fù)合材料在損傷過(guò)程中的位移場(chǎng)和應(yīng)變場(chǎng)變化,在相同的載荷增量下,碳纖維方向的位移場(chǎng)和應(yīng)變場(chǎng)變化與碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料試件相同,而玻璃纖維拉伸方向的位移場(chǎng)呈先減小后增加趨勢(shì)。根據(jù)有限元分析結(jié)果得知,數(shù)值模擬得到的位移場(chǎng)與應(yīng)變場(chǎng)分布與DIC測(cè)量結(jié)果和應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線有良好的一致性。對(duì)于碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料壓痕試件,壓痕損傷過(guò)程分為兩個(gè)階段:損傷累積階段和破壞階段。在損傷累積階段以50-70dB低幅度信號(hào)為主,在破壞階段,80-100dB高幅度信號(hào)明顯增多;通過(guò)數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法對(duì)編織復(fù)合材料壓痕試件的壓縮過(guò)程監(jiān)測(cè)。分析試件在損傷過(guò)程中的位移場(chǎng)和應(yīng)變場(chǎng)變化,試件側(cè)面位移場(chǎng)變化準(zhǔn)確的表現(xiàn)出試件分層損傷過(guò)程,結(jié)合試件斷裂圖,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著試件壓痕損傷程度增加,分層損傷越不明顯。聲發(fā)射技術(shù)、數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法、掃描電鏡技術(shù)和應(yīng)變電測(cè)技術(shù)的組合是一種有效的補(bǔ)充檢測(cè)技術(shù),結(jié)合有限元分析可以有效的描述編織復(fù)合材料的變形,損傷演變從而分析失效機(jī)理。另外,聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)技術(shù)、數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法、掃描電鏡技術(shù)、有限元分析方法和電測(cè)技術(shù)相結(jié)合的檢測(cè)方法不僅有助于碳纖維編織復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè),而且可以更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)中的早期損傷征兆和損傷演變。
[Abstract]:The carbon fiber woven composite material is widely applied in the fields of aerospace, automobile and industry due to its excellent properties, such as high strength, high modulus and corrosion resistance, It is understood that the damage evolution process of carbon fiber braided composites is helpful to its safe operation and extended service life. In this paper, the damage process of carbon fiber braided composites, carbon/ glass hybrid braided composites and carbon fiber braided composites by acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) is monitored in real time. The acoustic emission signal, the displacement field and the strain field information in the damage process of the braided composite material are recorded by the complementary detection technique. In addition, the strain field and displacement field were obtained by finite element analysis (FEA), and the strain field and displacement field were obtained by finite element analysis (FEA). The damage process of carbon fiber braided composites is divided into three stages: initial stage, damage accumulation stage and damage destruction stage. The load-time curve and the stress-strain curve of the carbon fiber braided composites are linear. The amplitude is 50-70dB, the peak frequency is 200-300kHz, the acoustic emission signal is related to the matrix damage, and the amplitude is 80-100dB, and the acoustic emission signal with the peak frequency of 300-600kHz is related to the fiber fracture. Using digital image correlation method to test the displacement field and strain field information of the test piece, it is found that for the same load increment, the displacement is decreasing gradually, and the maximum stretching should increase first and then decrease the trend. Through the finite element analysis method, the tensile process of the test piece is simulated numerically, and the results of the analysis agree well with the experimental results measured by the stress-strain curve and the DIC method. For carbon/ glass hybrid braided composites, the damage is divided into two stages: damage accumulation stage and destruction stage. The amplitude distribution of acoustic emission signals is about the same as that of carbon fiber braided composites. The displacement field and the strain field change of the carbon/ glass hybrid twill woven composite material during the damage process are measured by the digital image correlation method, and the displacement field and the strain field change in the direction of the carbon fiber are the same as the carbon fiber braided composite material under the same load increment, and the displacement field of the glass fiber stretching direction is firstly reduced and then the trend is increased. According to the results of finite element analysis, the displacement field and strain field distribution obtained by numerical simulation have good agreement with the result of DIC measurement and stress-strain curve. For carbon fiber braided composites indentation test pieces, the process of indentation damage is divided into two stages: damage accumulation stage and destruction stage. At the stage of damage accumulation, the signal of low amplitude is 50-70dB, and in the destruction stage, 80-100dB high amplitude signal is obviously increased, and the compression process of the woven composite material indentation test piece is monitored by digital image correlation method. The displacement field and strain field change of the test piece during the damage process are analyzed, the change of the displacement field of the lateral displacement field of the test piece shows the delamination damage process of the test piece accurately, and the fracture diagram of the test piece is combined, and the delamination damage is not obvious as the indentation damage degree of the test piece is increased. The combination of acoustic emission technology, digital image correlation method, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and strain electrical measurement technology is an effective supplementary detection technique. Combined with the finite element analysis, the deformation and damage evolution of braided composites can be effectively described and the failure mechanism is analyzed. In addition, the detection method of the acoustic emission detection technology, the digital image correlation method, the scanning electron microscope technology, the finite element analysis method and the electrical measurement technology not only contributes to the structural health monitoring of the carbon fiber braided composite material, Moreover, early damage signs and damage evolution in the structural health monitoring system can be better found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB332
本文編號(hào)：2276947
[Abstract]:The carbon fiber woven composite material is widely applied in the fields of aerospace, automobile and industry due to its excellent properties, such as high strength, high modulus and corrosion resistance, It is understood that the damage evolution process of carbon fiber braided composites is helpful to its safe operation and extended service life. In this paper, the damage process of carbon fiber braided composites, carbon/ glass hybrid braided composites and carbon fiber braided composites by acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) is monitored in real time. The acoustic emission signal, the displacement field and the strain field information in the damage process of the braided composite material are recorded by the complementary detection technique. In addition, the strain field and displacement field were obtained by finite element analysis (FEA), and the strain field and displacement field were obtained by finite element analysis (FEA). The damage process of carbon fiber braided composites is divided into three stages: initial stage, damage accumulation stage and damage destruction stage. The load-time curve and the stress-strain curve of the carbon fiber braided composites are linear. The amplitude is 50-70dB, the peak frequency is 200-300kHz, the acoustic emission signal is related to the matrix damage, and the amplitude is 80-100dB, and the acoustic emission signal with the peak frequency of 300-600kHz is related to the fiber fracture. Using digital image correlation method to test the displacement field and strain field information of the test piece, it is found that for the same load increment, the displacement is decreasing gradually, and the maximum stretching should increase first and then decrease the trend. Through the finite element analysis method, the tensile process of the test piece is simulated numerically, and the results of the analysis agree well with the experimental results measured by the stress-strain curve and the DIC method. For carbon/ glass hybrid braided composites, the damage is divided into two stages: damage accumulation stage and destruction stage. The amplitude distribution of acoustic emission signals is about the same as that of carbon fiber braided composites. The displacement field and the strain field change of the carbon/ glass hybrid twill woven composite material during the damage process are measured by the digital image correlation method, and the displacement field and the strain field change in the direction of the carbon fiber are the same as the carbon fiber braided composite material under the same load increment, and the displacement field of the glass fiber stretching direction is firstly reduced and then the trend is increased. According to the results of finite element analysis, the displacement field and strain field distribution obtained by numerical simulation have good agreement with the result of DIC measurement and stress-strain curve. For carbon fiber braided composites indentation test pieces, the process of indentation damage is divided into two stages: damage accumulation stage and destruction stage. At the stage of damage accumulation, the signal of low amplitude is 50-70dB, and in the destruction stage, 80-100dB high amplitude signal is obviously increased, and the compression process of the woven composite material indentation test piece is monitored by digital image correlation method. The displacement field and strain field change of the test piece during the damage process are analyzed, the change of the displacement field of the lateral displacement field of the test piece shows the delamination damage process of the test piece accurately, and the fracture diagram of the test piece is combined, and the delamination damage is not obvious as the indentation damage degree of the test piece is increased. The combination of acoustic emission technology, digital image correlation method, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and strain electrical measurement technology is an effective supplementary detection technique. Combined with the finite element analysis, the deformation and damage evolution of braided composites can be effectively described and the failure mechanism is analyzed. In addition, the detection method of the acoustic emission detection technology, the digital image correlation method, the scanning electron microscope technology, the finite element analysis method and the electrical measurement technology not only contributes to the structural health monitoring of the carbon fiber braided composite material, Moreover, early damage signs and damage evolution in the structural health monitoring system can be better found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB332
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