【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)迅速發(fā)展,人們對(duì)粉塵污染的重視程度越來越高,粉塵治理的理論成為當(dāng)今學(xué)者們研究的熱點(diǎn),其中粉塵顆粒逸散規(guī)律和不同控塵方法的降塵機(jī)理成為研究中的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。 為模擬不同粉塵逸散規(guī)律和控塵機(jī)理,通過氣固兩相流理論結(jié)合粉塵顆粒特性,構(gòu)建了粉塵濃度擴(kuò)散二流體三維數(shù)值計(jì)算模型以及顆粒軌道三維數(shù)值計(jì)算模型。并結(jié)合實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)修正了計(jì)算模型方程,對(duì)不同曳力模型進(jìn)行深入考察檢驗(yàn),選取了適用于粉塵顆粒運(yùn)動(dòng)的曳力模型,并考慮了顆粒和壁面間碰撞作用。 通過數(shù)值模擬和理論分析,結(jié)合在選煤廠皮帶受料處的應(yīng)用,分別研究了密封負(fù)壓控塵機(jī)理和微霧控塵機(jī)理。對(duì)各粒級(jí)粉塵顆粒分別受氣流變化和霧滴捕捉后的運(yùn)移軌跡進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,得出了粉塵顆粒運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,并通過數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用驗(yàn)證了兩種控塵方法的高效性。 針對(duì)粉塵顆粒在皮帶受料處的運(yùn)移規(guī)律,創(chuàng)新性地提出了閉環(huán)回旋控塵方法,基于氣固兩相流理論和顆粒碰撞理論,對(duì)閉環(huán)回旋控塵機(jī)理進(jìn)行了三維數(shù)值模擬及理論研究。研究表明,在普遍存在的管式落料系統(tǒng)中,由于落料的重力加速?gòu)?qiáng)制誘導(dǎo),管下方氣流能量大于上方氣流能量,通過設(shè)置閉環(huán)實(shí)現(xiàn)了氣流的回旋流動(dòng),回旋作用有效地耗散了氣流的能量,進(jìn)而達(dá)到降塵目的。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用驗(yàn)證了閉環(huán)回旋氣流在大落差落料系統(tǒng)粉塵治理中的高效性,同時(shí),該方法無需任何動(dòng)力,是未來節(jié)能型除塵產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展方向。 結(jié)合在破碎站和落煤塔的應(yīng)用,分別研究了“外阻內(nèi)抑”(外圍設(shè)抑塵網(wǎng)內(nèi)部塵源點(diǎn)噴霧抑塵)和“內(nèi)吸外抑”(塔內(nèi)負(fù)壓抽塵塔外噴霧抑塵)兩種控塵機(jī)理。采用數(shù)值模擬、理論分析和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)相結(jié)合的手段,研究了風(fēng)流影響下破碎站和落煤塔發(fā)塵機(jī)理、抑塵網(wǎng)對(duì)風(fēng)流強(qiáng)度的抑制機(jī)理以及塔內(nèi)高壓氣流的消除機(jī)理。通過數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用,論證了“外阻內(nèi)抑”和“內(nèi)吸外抑”控塵方法對(duì)多粒級(jí)粉塵的控塵效果。 研究結(jié)果說明,經(jīng)過對(duì)不同控塵方法的理論研究,應(yīng)用其控塵機(jī)理,能夠有效治理不同區(qū)域粉塵污染,并且結(jié)合兩種或者兩種以上的綜合控塵,對(duì)大型污染源有良好的治理效果。本文應(yīng)用氣固兩相流理論對(duì)控塵理論開展深入研究,旨在為豐富控塵理論和有效降低粉塵污染等發(fā)揮有效作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, people pay more and more attention to dust pollution, and the theory of dust control has become the focus of scholars' research. Among them, the law of dust particle escape and the dust reduction mechanism of different dust control methods have become the key and difficult points in the research. In order to simulate different dust escape laws and dust control mechanisms, a three-dimensional numerical model of dust concentration diffusion and a three-dimensional numerical model of particle orbit are constructed by combining the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow with the characteristics of dust particles. Combined with practical experience, the calculation model equation is modified, and the different drag model is investigated and tested deeply. The drag force model suitable for dust particle movement is selected, and the collision between particles and wall is considered. Through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, combined with the application of belt material in coal preparation plant, the mechanism of sealing negative pressure dust control and micro fog dust control are studied respectively. The movement trajectory of dust particles is simulated by numerical simulation after airflow change and droplet capture respectively, and the efficiency of the two dust control methods is verified by numerical simulation and field application. Aiming at the migration law of dust particles at belt material, a closed-loop cyclotron dust control method is proposed innovatively. based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow and particle collision theory, the mechanism of closed-loop cyclotron dust control is simulated and studied theoretically. The results show that in the common tubular blanking system, the air energy below the tube is larger than the upper air energy due to the forced induction of gravity acceleration of the blanking material, and the swirling flow of the air flow is realized by setting a closed loop. The circumflex effect effectively dissipates the energy of the air flow, thus achieving the goal of dust reduction. The field application verifies the high efficiency of closed loop swirl flow in dust control of large drop blanking system. At the same time, this method does not need any power and is the development direction of energy-saving dust removal products in the future. Combined with the application in crushing station and coal falling tower, two kinds of dust control mechanisms, "external resistance internal suppression" (external dust suppression net internal dust source point spray dust suppression) and "internal suction external suppression" (inner negative pressure dust extraction tower spray dust suppression) are studied respectively. By means of numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and field measurement, the dust generation mechanism of crushing station and coal falling tower under the influence of air flow, the suppression mechanism of dust suppression network on air flow intensity and the elimination mechanism of high pressure air flow in tower are studied. Through numerical simulation and field application, the dust control effects of "external resistance internal suppression" and "internal absorption and external suppression" on multi-particle dust are demonstrated. The results show that the dust pollution in different regions can be effectively controlled by using its dust control mechanism through the theoretical study of different dust control methods, and combined with two or more kinds of comprehensive dust control. It has a good control effect on large pollution sources. In this paper, the gas-solid two-phase flow theory is used to study the dust control theory in order to enrich the dust control theory and effectively reduce dust pollution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD714.4

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