【摘要】：2005年以來(lái)，國(guó)土資源部加大民采礦山的整合力度，國(guó)內(nèi)形成大量的整合礦區(qū)。隨著國(guó)際市場(chǎng)對(duì)黃金的需求進(jìn)一步加大，低品位礦體和民采殘留金礦體也逐漸得到人們的重視。受技術(shù)條件制約，在開(kāi)采這部分礦體過(guò)程中，普遍存在開(kāi)采難度大、效率低、成本高、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益差等問(wèn)題。開(kāi)展整合礦區(qū)礦體開(kāi)采的安全性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性研究，可以為該部分礦體安全開(kāi)采提供技術(shù)支撐，引領(lǐng)我國(guó)黃金行業(yè)的科技進(jìn)步，滿足我國(guó)黃金礦產(chǎn)資源的有效供給，符合國(guó)家長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略需求。 論文在國(guó)家“十二五”科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目“大型金礦綠色采選冶技術(shù)研究及示范”（2012BAB08B00）的課題“復(fù)雜破碎金礦高效開(kāi)采工藝技術(shù)”（2012BAB08B02）支持下，以國(guó)內(nèi)某大型整合礦區(qū)黃金礦山的安全經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)采為研究對(duì)象，以安全開(kāi)采和邊界品位優(yōu)化為目標(biāo)，在綜合分析國(guó)內(nèi)外資料的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研、理論研究、經(jīng)濟(jì)分析等方法，開(kāi)展了民采殘留金礦體安全經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)采評(píng)估技術(shù)的研究，取得的主要研究成果如下： （1）通過(guò)整合礦區(qū)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研，了解了礦區(qū)水文地質(zhì)、礦體賦存、開(kāi)采環(huán)境等情況，明確了整合礦區(qū)礦體的構(gòu)成。 （2）在前人采空區(qū)探測(cè)的基礎(chǔ)上，了解了殘礦體中采空區(qū)的分布、規(guī)模、引發(fā)的工程地質(zhì)災(zāi)害等。通過(guò)對(duì)殘礦體中的采空區(qū)統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析，剖析了影響整合礦區(qū)采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的危險(xiǎn)因素，并提出了具體的安全防范治理措施，防止開(kāi)采過(guò)程中安全事故的發(fā)生。 （3）通過(guò)對(duì)整合礦區(qū)地下開(kāi)采的邊界品位優(yōu)化影響因素分析，基于經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的邊際分析法，建立了以盈利最大為目標(biāo)的整合礦區(qū)邊界品位優(yōu)化模型。結(jié)合礦山品位分布情況和實(shí)際生產(chǎn)成本數(shù)據(jù)，利用優(yōu)化模型對(duì)邊界品位進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。計(jì)算出整合礦區(qū)生產(chǎn)的最優(yōu)邊界品位，保證了整合礦區(qū)生產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。根據(jù)最優(yōu)邊界品位對(duì)礦山生產(chǎn)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，優(yōu)化結(jié)果為：礦山的服務(wù)年限是10a，邊界品位是0.65g/t，每年生產(chǎn)的精礦量為928760t，，最終獲得黃金為3052899.8g。 （4）應(yīng)用粒子群優(yōu)化算法對(duì)邊界品位進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，建立適用于粒子群優(yōu)化的礦山邊界品位優(yōu)化模型，選取合適的優(yōu)化參數(shù)。得到不同的采礦損失率和不同的金屬單價(jià)情況下的最佳邊界品位。根據(jù)最佳邊界品位對(duì)礦山生產(chǎn)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，得出的優(yōu)化結(jié)果與邊際分析法模型下的優(yōu)化結(jié)果基本一致。
[Abstract]:Since 2005, the Ministry of Land and Resources has increased the integration of mining mountains, forming a large number of integrated mining areas. With the increasing demand for gold in the international market, people pay more attention to low grade ore bodies and residual gold bodies. Restricted by the technical conditions, the mining process of this part of the ore body, mining is difficult, low efficiency, high cost, poor economic benefits and other problems. The research on the safety and economy of ore body mining in integrated mining area can provide technical support for the safety mining of this part of ore body, lead the scientific and technological progress of gold industry in our country, and satisfy the effective supply of gold mineral resources in our country. In line with the country's long-term development strategy needs. The thesis is supported by the research and demonstration of green mining and metallurgical technology of large gold deposit (2012BAB08B00), a national "12th Five-Year Plan" project, "efficient Mining Technology of complex broken Gold Mine" (2012BAB08B02). Taking the safe and economic mining of a large integrated gold mine in China as the research object, taking safe mining and boundary grade optimization as the goal, on the basis of comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign data, through field investigation, theoretical research, By means of economic analysis and other methods, the research on safety and economic mining evaluation technology of residual gold ore body is carried out. The main research results are as follows: (1) by integrating field investigation in mining area, the hydrogeology of mining area is understood. The occurrence and mining environment of ore bodies have made clear the composition of ore bodies in integrated mining areas. (2) on the basis of previous goaf exploration, the distribution, scale and engineering geological hazards of goaf in residual ore bodies have been understood. Based on the statistics and analysis of the goaf in the residual orebody, the paper analyzes the risk factors that affect the stability of the goaf in the integrated mining area, and puts forward the concrete measures of safety prevention and treatment. To prevent the occurrence of safety accidents in the mining process. (3) by analyzing the influence factors of the boundary grade optimization of the integrated underground mining area, based on the marginal analysis of economics, The optimization model of boundary grade of integrated mining area with the goal of maximum profit is established. Combined with mine grade distribution and actual production cost data, the boundary grade was optimized by using optimization model. The optimal boundary grade of integrated mining area is calculated, and the economy of integrated mining area is ensured. According to the optimal boundary grade, the mine production is optimized. The optimization results are as follows: the service life of mine is 10a, the boundary grade is 0.65g / t, the annual concentrate production is 928760t, and the final gold is 3052899.8g. (4) Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used to optimize the boundary grade. The optimization model of mine boundary grade suitable for particle swarm optimization is established, and appropriate optimization parameters are selected. The optimum boundary grade of different mining loss rate and different metal unit price is obtained. According to the optimum boundary grade, the optimization results of mine production are in good agreement with the optimization results under the marginal analytical model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X936;TD863

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