本文選題：安全結(jié)果 + 安全行為�。� 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：我國建筑工人人數(shù)高達四千萬,這個為我國建設(shè)事業(yè)做出巨大貢獻的弱勢群體,其職業(yè)安全問題卻令人堪憂。鑒此,因為建筑工人是建筑安全的主體,而整體上總結(jié),我國龐大的建筑工人群體存在安全意識薄弱、安全技能不足、安全知識貧乏、安全行為不規(guī)范等問題。那么以建筑工人作為研究對象,研究安全結(jié)果受哪些主要因素的影響以及如何有效改善安全結(jié)果就顯得極其重要。鑒于安全結(jié)果對于建筑工人、施工企業(yè)以及政府安監(jiān)部門具有不言而喻的重要性,本文認為有必要探討安全結(jié)果到底受哪些因素的顯著影響以及影響機理。為了解決上述問題,本文以建筑工人作為研究對象,沿著“安全氛圍→安全行為→安全結(jié)果”的邏輯思路,提出相應(yīng)的研究假設(shè)以及理論模型,并用問卷調(diào)查的方式獲取一手的研究數(shù)據(jù),利用SPSS18.0和AMOS17.0等軟件工具,通過探索性因子分析、驗證性因子分析以及結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型等統(tǒng)計方法對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進行了分析,對研究假設(shè)和理論模型進行了實證分析。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下：(1)分析安全氛圍的內(nèi)容與結(jié)構(gòu)、維度。本研究基于國內(nèi)外相關(guān)理論文獻的回顧,對我國建筑行業(yè)背景下的安全氛圍概念進行了梳理,將安全氛圍劃分為四維度,包括企業(yè)安全控制、工人消極情緒、安全技能與交流、政府安全管理。進而本文還通過小樣本預(yù)調(diào)查與大樣本調(diào)研,驗證安全范圍維度劃分的有效性,從統(tǒng)計結(jié)果來看,安全氛圍的四個維度是清楚分明的,四維度的劃分是比較全面合理的。(2)剖析安全氛圍對建筑工人安全行為的作用內(nèi)在機理。本研究引入企業(yè)安全控制、工人消極情緒、安全技能與交流、政府安全管理,探索安全氛圍對安全行為的內(nèi)在影響決定機理,并運用結(jié)構(gòu)方程建模方法就作用大小、作用機理加以詳細研究。(3)分析建筑工人安全行為對安全結(jié)果的作用內(nèi)在機理。本研究在借鑒國內(nèi)外已有量表的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮中國建筑工人的特點,將安全行為劃分為三個維度,即操作行為表現(xiàn)、安全參加、幫助工友行為。分析結(jié)果顯示,這三個維度的測量量表均有較高的信度和效度,說明將安全行為劃分為這三個維度是合理的。另一方面,本研究將安全結(jié)果劃分為兩個維度,即損失結(jié)果和工傷。本研究通過對建筑工人大樣本數(shù)據(jù)進行探索性因子分析,通過調(diào)查問卷的不斷改進和統(tǒng)計篩選,將安全結(jié)果劃分歸納為兩個維度,對應(yīng)的兩個潛變量分別是損失結(jié)果和工傷。分析結(jié)果顯示,這兩個維度的測量量表均有較高的信度和效度,說明將安全結(jié)果劃分為這兩個維度是合理的。先前的安全結(jié)果研究并沒有將安全結(jié)果劃分為多維度,而本研究在實證分析基礎(chǔ)上對安全結(jié)果的維度劃分更加細致。本研究探索了安全行為對安全結(jié)果的內(nèi)在影響決定機理,并運用結(jié)構(gòu)方程建模方法就作用大小、作用機理加以詳細研究。(4)建立了以安全氛圍為前因變量,以安全行為為中介變量,安全結(jié)果為結(jié)果變量的較為完整的理論模型,驗證了該模型的各變量之間的邏輯關(guān)系,明確了哪些路徑關(guān)系是顯著成立的,也說明了哪些假設(shè)路徑最終經(jīng)證實是不具有顯著的相關(guān)關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明安全行為在安全氛圍與安全結(jié)果間能起到一定程度的中介作用。本研究對“安全氛圍→安全行為→安全結(jié)果”模型在中國特殊背景情境下的適用性進行了驗證,并對安全結(jié)果這個結(jié)果變量及其作用機理進行了積極的探索,突破了以往研究文獻回避深入探索安全結(jié)果的局限,采用一手實證數(shù)據(jù)探索安全結(jié)果到底由哪些因素決定和影響,豐富了建筑安全的理論研究。本文研究結(jié)果可以用于科學(xué)指導(dǎo)施工企業(yè)如何改進內(nèi)部安全管理方法、指導(dǎo)政府安監(jiān)部門優(yōu)化政府施工安全管理政策等,為改善安全結(jié)果、降低建筑工人傷亡率起到相當?shù)膸椭饔�。當然本研究同樣也存在不足之�?有待進一步作更深入與全面的后續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:The number of construction workers in China is as high as forty million, which has made great contributions to the construction of our country. The problem of occupational safety is worrying. As a result, the construction workers are the main body of building safety. On the whole, the whole group of construction workers in our country is weak in safety awareness, lack of safety skills and poor safety knowledge. It is very important to study the influence of the main factors on the safety results and how to effectively improve the safety results. It is considered that the safety results have a self-evident importance to the construction workers, the construction enterprises and the government security supervision department. In order to solve the above problems, this paper takes construction workers as the research object, and puts forward the corresponding research hypothesis and theoretical model along the logical train of thought of "safety atmosphere, safety behavior and safety results". Hand's research data, using software tools such as SPSS18.0 and AMOS17.0, through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model and other statistical methods to analyze the survey data, and carry out an empirical analysis of the research hypothesis and theoretical model. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) analysis of the security atmosphere Based on the literature review at home and abroad, this study combs the concept of security atmosphere in the background of China's construction industry, and divides the security atmosphere into four dimensions, including enterprise safety control, workers' negative emotions, safety skills and flow, and government security management. Survey and large sample survey to verify the effectiveness of the dimension of safety scope. From the statistical results, the four dimensions of the safety atmosphere are clear and clear, and the division of the four dimension is more comprehensive and reasonable. (2) the analysis of the internal mechanism of the safety atmosphere to the safety behavior of the construction workers. In order to analyze the internal mechanism of the safety behavior of the construction workers, the internal mechanism of the safety behavior of the construction workers is analyzed. (3) the internal mechanism of the safety behavior of construction workers to the safety results is analyzed. On the basis of the characteristics of Chinese builders, the safety behavior is divided into three dimensions, that is, operation behavior, safe participation and help workers' behavior. The analysis results show that the measurement scales of the three dimensions have high reliability and validity, indicating that it is reasonable to divide the safety behavior into these three dimensions. On the other hand, this study will The safety results are divided into two dimensions, namely, loss results and industrial injuries. Through the exploratory factor analysis of the large sample data of the construction workers, the security results are divided into two dimensions through the continuous improvement and statistical screening of the questionnaire, and the corresponding two submersible changes are the loss results and the industrial injuries respectively. The analysis results show that The two dimensions have high reliability and validity, indicating that it is reasonable to divide the security results into these two dimensions. The previous study of security results did not divide the security results into multi dimensions, and the study on the basis of empirical analysis is more detailed on the dimension of security results. This study explored the safety behavior. The internal influence of the security results is determined by the mechanism, and the structure equation modeling method is used to study the action size and the mechanism of action. (4) a more complete theoretical model is established, which takes the safety atmosphere as the antecedent variable, the safety behavior as the intermediary variable and the safety result as the result variable, and the logic of the variables of the model is verified. The results show that the security behavior can play a certain intermediary role between the security atmosphere and the security results. This study is a model of "safety atmosphere, safety behavior, safety results". The applicability of the model in China's special background situation was verified, and the result variable and its mechanism were actively explored, which broke through the limitations of the previous research literature to explore the security results, and to find out what factors decided and influenced by the one hand empirical data, and enriched the construction. The results of this paper can be used to guide the construction enterprises to improve the internal safety management methods scientifically, to guide the government security supervision department to optimize the government construction safety management policy and so on, to improve the safety results and reduce the casualty rate of the construction workers. Further in-depth and comprehensive follow-up studies are needed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU714
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本文編號：2097549