本文選題：水射流 + 水力沖孔��； 參考：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤炭作為我國的基礎(chǔ)能源，在其生產(chǎn)過程中煤與瓦斯突出是制約煤炭安全開采的主導(dǎo)因素，因此保證煤炭安全生產(chǎn)是保障實(shí)現(xiàn)我國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速可持續(xù)發(fā)展的先決條件。目前針對(duì)我國不具備開采保護(hù)層的條件下的煤層透氣性較低、煤層軟、煤與瓦斯突出危險(xiǎn)性大的特點(diǎn)，主要采用水力壓裂、水力擠出、煤層注水等區(qū)域性防突措施。相比之下，作為區(qū)域性防突新措施水力沖孔強(qiáng)化抽采瓦斯技術(shù)具有安全性高、周期性短、操作簡單等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在全國各礦區(qū)都取得了較好消突效果，但由于地質(zhì)條件限制，在參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)備選型、沖出煤量控制等沒有形成廣泛推廣的應(yīng)用技術(shù)，因此對(duì)水力沖孔強(qiáng)化抽采瓦斯技術(shù)有待進(jìn)一步系統(tǒng)研究。 本文主要針對(duì)透氣性低、煤層軟和無保護(hù)層開采條件的煤層條件，以潘二煤礦11223西二工作面為試驗(yàn)地點(diǎn)，通過理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法，從以下三方面內(nèi)容研究：（1）水力沖孔作用機(jī)理的研究 依據(jù)水射流動(dòng)力學(xué)特性，研究水射流對(duì)煤體的破壞過程，，分析了水力沖孔的破煤機(jī)理、以及影響射流切割煤體的主要因素，并由煤與瓦斯突出機(jī)理的闡述，引出水力沖孔后的消突作用。（2）水力沖孔增透效果數(shù)值模擬 基于試驗(yàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件，建立水力沖孔后周圍煤體應(yīng)力與瓦斯流動(dòng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，理論計(jì)算沖孔后周圍煤體應(yīng)力有效影響范圍可達(dá)孔徑的5倍（以初始應(yīng)力變化幅度小于5%為指標(biāo)）；并在模擬基礎(chǔ)上分析了水力沖孔后不同鉆孔周圍煤體瓦斯壓力分布、消突效果，模擬分析孔徑為0.7m的孔徑有效影響半徑可達(dá)4.5m,并針對(duì)不同孔徑條件模擬確定了有效抽采半徑，由此優(yōu)化水力沖孔鉆孔布置方法，指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)踐。（3）水力沖孔技術(shù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)及效果 依據(jù)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果，對(duì)水力沖孔區(qū)域預(yù)抽瓦斯消突技術(shù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了分析:潘二煤礦11223西二工作面底板巷水力沖孔區(qū)域預(yù)抽瓦斯后掩護(hù)下順槽掘進(jìn)試驗(yàn)，著重分析水力沖孔后煤體預(yù)抽瓦斯效果以及煤體透氣性變化，透氣性由（0.19→1.71）m~2/(MPa~2.d)，瓦斯衰減系數(shù)僅為原來的1/3，提高瓦斯抽采量，消突效果檢驗(yàn)后進(jìn)行煤巷掘進(jìn)，掘進(jìn)期間通過對(duì)突出危險(xiǎn)性指標(biāo)和瓦斯涌出參數(shù)的分析，驗(yàn)證穿層鉆孔區(qū)域預(yù)抽瓦斯消突技術(shù)的有效性;結(jié)果表明，實(shí)施水力沖孔后更能促進(jìn)煤體裂隙發(fā)育成和范圍，且增透和消突效果較好，具有很好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Coal and gas outburst are the leading factors restricting the safety of coal mining in the process of production, so ensuring the safe production of coal is a prerequisite for ensuring the rapid and sustainable development of our national economy and social economy. At present, the coal seam is breathable under the condition that the mining protection layer is not available in China. The characteristics of low sex, coal seam soft, coal and gas outburst are very dangerous, mainly using hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic extrusion, coal seam water injection and other regional anti outburst measures. In comparison, as a new method of regional outburst prevention, hydraulic punching and mining gas extraction technology has the advantages of high safety, short periodicity, simple operation and so on, which have been obtained in all mining areas in China. But because of the limitation of the geological conditions, there is no widely popularized application technology in the parameters design, equipment selection and the control of the discharge of coal. Therefore, the technology of strengthening the gas extraction of the hydraulic punching hole needs to be further studied.
This paper mainly aims at the coal seam conditions of low permeability, soft and unprotected coal seam mining conditions, taking the 11223 west two working face of Pan two coal mine as the test site, through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test method, from the following three aspects: (1) research on the mechanism of hydraulic punching action
According to the mechanical characteristics of water jet flow, the damage process of water jet to coal body is studied, the mechanism of coal breaking and the main factors affecting the jet cutting coal body are analyzed, and the mechanism of coal and gas outburst is expounded, and the elimination effect after hydraulic punching is elicited. (2) numerical simulation of the effect of hydraulic piercing penetration enhancement
Based on the test site conditions, a mathematical model of the stress and gas flow of the surrounding coal is established after the hydraulic punching. The theoretical calculation of the effective influence of the stress on the surrounding coal is 5 times that of the pore diameter (the initial stress variation is less than 5%), and the gas pressure of the coal body around the holes after the hydraulic punching is analyzed on the basis of the simulation. The effective influence radius of the aperture of 0.7m is simulated and analyzed by the force distribution, the effective radius of the aperture is 4.5m, and the effective extraction radius is determined according to the different aperture conditions. Thus the layout method of the hydraulic punching hole is optimized and the field practice is guided. (3) field test and effect of hydraulic punching technology.
According to the numerical simulation results, the field test of the pre extraction of gas outburst in the hydraulic punching area was analyzed. The experiment was carried out in the hydraulic punching area of the 11223 west two working face of the Pan Er coal mine, which was pre pumped under the cover of the hydraulic punching area, and the coal body pre pumping and the permeability change of the coal body after the hydraulic punching were analyzed. The air permeability was (0.19). 1.71) m~2/ (MPa~2.d), the gas attenuation coefficient is only the original 1/3, the gas extraction quantity is increased, the coal roadway driving is carried out after the elimination effect inspection. Through the analysis of the outburst risk index and gas emission parameters during the excavation, the effectiveness of the gas outburst elimination technology in the perforated borehole area is verified. The results show that the hydraulic punching can be more promoted after the hydraulic punching. The fracture and development of the coal mass are good and have good application prospects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD713

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