氣穴和熱效應(yīng)影響下高速圓柱軸承特性研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-10 18:53
【摘要】：在旋轉(zhuǎn)機械快速發(fā)展的時代,軸承轉(zhuǎn)子的特性研究也顯得愈發(fā)重要�；瑒虞S承具有回轉(zhuǎn)精度高、承載能力強、良好的耐沖擊性等一系列優(yōu)點,因而廣泛應(yīng)用在高速機械中。但在滑動軸承工作時,較高的轉(zhuǎn)速會使摩擦功耗急劇升高,從而導致潤滑油膜的溫度場和粘度場分布越來越不均勻;同時沖擊、壓力變化、高轉(zhuǎn)速等因素又會導致原本潤滑油中溶解的氣體釋放出來,或使一些液態(tài)潤滑油相變成油蒸氣,形成氣穴現(xiàn)象。所以在研究軸承油膜特性時綜合考慮氣穴和熱效應(yīng)的影響更加接近實際油膜特征。本文針對動壓圓柱軸承和深淺腔動靜壓圓柱軸承,計入氣穴和熱效應(yīng)的影響,建立相關(guān)數(shù)學模型,并通過有限差分法離散求解,獲得油膜的壓力分布、密度分布及溫度分布,進而計算油膜的特性參數(shù)。論文首先引入了氣油兩相流密度模型和Reynolds粘溫模型,推導了變密度變粘度的Reynolds方程和能量方程,并為油膜求解區(qū)域設(shè)定相應(yīng)的邊界條件。其次通過有限差分法離散微分方程組,并通過松弛法迭代求解,得到不同含氣率、不同轉(zhuǎn)速、不同偏心率下潤滑油膜各節(jié)點的壓力、密度、溫度、粘度,進而分析了油膜的靜、動特性參數(shù),總結(jié)各特性參數(shù)隨影響因素的變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果分析可知,氣穴和熱效應(yīng)都會使圓柱滑動軸承油膜壓力峰值降低,且氣穴會導致動壓圓柱軸承的油膜提前破裂。氣穴和熱效應(yīng)對圓柱滑動軸承的靜、動特性參數(shù)影響很大,且含氣率、轉(zhuǎn)速、偏心率的數(shù)值越大,影響程度越明顯。熱效應(yīng)對承載力和摩擦力的影響較大,而氣穴對端泄量的影響較大。本文得出的結(jié)論為圓柱滑動軸承在多因素影響下的設(shè)計與性能研究提供了理論參考。
[Abstract]:In the era of rapid development of rotating machinery, the research on the characteristics of bearing rotor is becoming more and more important. Sliding bearing has a series of advantages, such as high rotation accuracy, strong bearing capacity, good impact resistance and so on, so it is widely used in high speed machinery. However, when the sliding bearing works, the friction power consumption increases sharply with higher rotating speed, which leads to the uneven distribution of temperature field and viscosity field of lubricating oil film. At the same time, impact, pressure change, high speed and other factors will lead to the release of dissolved gas in the original lubricating oil, or make some liquid lubricating oil phase into oil vapor, forming cavitation phenomenon. Therefore, the effect of cavitation and thermal effect is more close to the actual oil film characteristics when considering the oil film characteristics of bearings. In this paper, the pressure distribution, density distribution and temperature distribution of oil film are obtained by discrete solution of finite difference method, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect. Furthermore, the characteristic parameters of the oil film are calculated. In this paper, the gas-oil two-phase flow density model and Reynolds viscosity temperature model are introduced, the Reynolds equation and energy equation with variable density and viscosity are derived, and the corresponding boundary conditions are set for the oil film solution region. Secondly, the finite difference method is used to discretize the differential equations, and the relaxation method is used to solve the equations iteratively. The pressure, density, temperature and viscosity of each node of the lubricating film under different gas content, different rotating speed and different eccentricity are obtained, and then the static of the oil film is analyzed. The dynamic characteristic parameters are summarized, and the variation of each characteristic parameter with the influencing factors is summarized. The results show that both cavitation and thermal effects can reduce the peak oil film pressure of cylindrical sliding bearing, and the cavitation will lead to the early rupture of oil film of dynamic cylindrical bearing. The cavitation and thermal effects have great influence on the static and dynamic characteristic parameters of cylindrical sliding bearings, and the greater the value of gas content, rotating speed and eccentricity, the more obvious the influence degree. The thermal effect has a great influence on the bearing capacity and friction, while the cavitation has a great influence on the end discharge. The conclusions obtained in this paper provide a theoretical reference for the design and performance of cylindrical sliding bearings under the influence of many factors.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH133.3
[Abstract]:In the era of rapid development of rotating machinery, the research on the characteristics of bearing rotor is becoming more and more important. Sliding bearing has a series of advantages, such as high rotation accuracy, strong bearing capacity, good impact resistance and so on, so it is widely used in high speed machinery. However, when the sliding bearing works, the friction power consumption increases sharply with higher rotating speed, which leads to the uneven distribution of temperature field and viscosity field of lubricating oil film. At the same time, impact, pressure change, high speed and other factors will lead to the release of dissolved gas in the original lubricating oil, or make some liquid lubricating oil phase into oil vapor, forming cavitation phenomenon. Therefore, the effect of cavitation and thermal effect is more close to the actual oil film characteristics when considering the oil film characteristics of bearings. In this paper, the pressure distribution, density distribution and temperature distribution of oil film are obtained by discrete solution of finite difference method, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect. Furthermore, the characteristic parameters of the oil film are calculated. In this paper, the gas-oil two-phase flow density model and Reynolds viscosity temperature model are introduced, the Reynolds equation and energy equation with variable density and viscosity are derived, and the corresponding boundary conditions are set for the oil film solution region. Secondly, the finite difference method is used to discretize the differential equations, and the relaxation method is used to solve the equations iteratively. The pressure, density, temperature and viscosity of each node of the lubricating film under different gas content, different rotating speed and different eccentricity are obtained, and then the static of the oil film is analyzed. The dynamic characteristic parameters are summarized, and the variation of each characteristic parameter with the influencing factors is summarized. The results show that both cavitation and thermal effects can reduce the peak oil film pressure of cylindrical sliding bearing, and the cavitation will lead to the early rupture of oil film of dynamic cylindrical bearing. The cavitation and thermal effects have great influence on the static and dynamic characteristic parameters of cylindrical sliding bearings, and the greater the value of gas content, rotating speed and eccentricity, the more obvious the influence degree. The thermal effect has a great influence on the bearing capacity and friction, while the cavitation has a great influence on the end discharge. The conclusions obtained in this paper provide a theoretical reference for the design and performance of cylindrical sliding bearings under the influence of many factors.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH133.3
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