發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-18 22:12

【摘要】：內(nèi)燃叉車是一種具有裝載和搬運(yùn)功能的工業(yè)車輛,常用于生產(chǎn)車間、運(yùn)輸港口等場所。內(nèi)燃叉車在工作過程中產(chǎn)生較大的振動,不僅會使車體結(jié)構(gòu)受到損害,降低叉車的使用壽命;而且會使人感到疲勞,損害駕駛員的身心健康。因此,對內(nèi)燃叉車進(jìn)行振動控制,提高其乘坐舒適性是叉車企業(yè)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的問題之一。本課題受某叉車企業(yè)委托,對某型號內(nèi)燃叉車振動問題進(jìn)行研究,主要的研究內(nèi)容歸納如下:1.進(jìn)行了內(nèi)燃叉車振動測試與分析。根據(jù)客戶的反饋,方向盤在工作過程中的振動較大。本文首先對方向盤、儀表架、傳動系統(tǒng)、動力總成懸置進(jìn)行振動測試;然后對方向盤和儀表架件進(jìn)行模態(tài)測試;最后通過對動力總成懸置傳遞率和方向盤測試數(shù)據(jù)的分析,查明了方向盤振動的主要原因,為后續(xù)優(yōu)化方案的設(shè)計(jì)奠定基礎(chǔ)。2.建立了內(nèi)燃叉車剛?cè)狁詈蟿恿W(xué)模型。按照本文建模的需求,將內(nèi)燃叉車整體結(jié)構(gòu)劃分為動力總成、車架、護(hù)頂架、前橋、后橋、輪胎等關(guān)鍵部件。通過試驗(yàn)測試,結(jié)合廠家提供的數(shù)據(jù)得到了各零部件的性能參數(shù),建立了內(nèi)燃叉車剛體模型;并根據(jù)振動測試結(jié)果,將車架和連接螺栓處理為柔性體模型,導(dǎo)入ADAMS軟件中與內(nèi)燃叉車剛體模型進(jìn)行裝配,建立了內(nèi)燃叉車剛?cè)狁詈蟿恿W(xué)模型。3.進(jìn)行了內(nèi)燃叉車動力學(xué)仿真與動力總成懸置優(yōu)化�；谒▋�(nèi)燃叉車剛?cè)狁詈蟿恿W(xué)模型,對動力總成懸置的剛度和阻尼進(jìn)行匹配優(yōu)化,并對優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行實(shí)車驗(yàn)證測試。結(jié)果表明,該型號內(nèi)燃叉車懸置傳遞率降低,怠速工況下,方向盤振動加速度在原有基礎(chǔ)上降低45%以上;其他多個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)速工況下,方向盤振動加速度在原有基礎(chǔ)上降低20%以上,較好地解決了該型號內(nèi)燃叉車方向盤振動偏大的問題。4.開發(fā)了內(nèi)燃叉車參數(shù)化仿真優(yōu)化平臺。利用ADAMS命令語言進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),搭建了內(nèi)燃叉車參數(shù)化仿真優(yōu)化平臺,該平臺不僅提高了內(nèi)燃叉車建模、仿真、優(yōu)化效率,而且為企業(yè)后續(xù)對相同結(jié)構(gòu)的其他型號內(nèi)燃叉車振動控制奠定基礎(chǔ)。由上所述,本研究所采用的方法和取得的結(jié)論具有工程實(shí)用價(jià)值,對其他型號內(nèi)燃叉車的振動控制具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Internal combustion forklift truck is a kind of industrial vehicle with loading and handling function, which is often used in production workshop, transportation port and other places. The internal combustion forklift truck produces great vibration in the working process, which will not only damage the body structure and reduce the service life of the forklift truck, but also make people feel tired and damage the physical and mental health of the driver. Therefore, it is one of the key problems for forklift enterprises to control the vibration of internal combustion forklift and improve its ride comfort. This subject is commissioned by a forklift enterprise to study the vibration of a certain type of internal combustion forklift. The main research contents are summarized as follows: 1. The vibration test and analysis of internal combustion forklift truck are carried out. According to customer feedback, the steering wheel vibrates greatly in the working process. In this paper, the vibration test of steering wheel, instrument frame, transmission system and powertrain mount is carried out, and then the modal test of steering wheel and instrument frame is carried out. Finally, through the analysis of the transmission rate of powertrain mount and the test data of steering wheel, the main causes of steering wheel vibration are found out, which lays the foundation for the design of subsequent optimization scheme. 2. The rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of internal combustion forklift is established. According to the requirements of this paper, the overall structure of the internal combustion forklift is divided into powertrain, frame, roof guard, front bridge, rear bridge, tire and other key components. Through the test, combined with the data provided by the manufacturer, the performance parameters of each part are obtained, and the rigid body model of the internal combustion forklift truck is established. According to the vibration test results, the frame and connection bolts are treated as flexible body model, and the rigid body model of internal combustion forklift is assembled with the rigid body model of internal combustion forklift in ADAMS software, and the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of internal combustion forklift is established. The dynamic simulation and powertrain mount optimization of internal combustion forklift are carried out. Based on the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of the built-in combustion forklift, the stiffness and damping of the powertrain mount are matched and optimized, and the optimization results are verified and tested. The results show that the mounting transmission rate of the internal combustion forklift is reduced, and the vibration acceleration of the steering wheel is reduced by more than 45% under idle condition. Under other rotating speed conditions, the vibration acceleration of steering wheel is reduced by more than 20% on the original basis, which solves the problem that the steering wheel vibration of this type of internal combustion forklift truck is too large. 4. The parametric simulation optimization platform of internal combustion forklift truck is developed. The parametric simulation optimization platform of internal combustion forklift is built by using ADAMS command language for secondary development, which not only improves the modeling, simulation and optimization efficiency of internal combustion forklift. And for the enterprise to the same structure of other types of internal combustion forklift vibration control laid the foundation. To sum up, the methods and conclusions obtained in this study are of practical value in engineering and have certain guiding significance for vibration control of other types of internal combustion forklifts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：桂林電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH242

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