【摘要】：先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥是一種以壓縮氣體為工作介質(zhì),采用先導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)的反饋來(lái)提供穩(wěn)定工作壓力的氣動(dòng)控制元件。它能適應(yīng)氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的波動(dòng)性,被廣泛應(yīng)用于普通工業(yè)用氣的場(chǎng)合,成為目前氣動(dòng)技術(shù)重要的研究方向之一。本文提出一種應(yīng)用在工業(yè)用氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥。由于減壓閥的小型化,模塊化能降低成本、方便更換零件,因此結(jié)構(gòu)上采用內(nèi)部先導(dǎo)式來(lái)減小體積。然后提出減壓閥整體結(jié)構(gòu)布局,提出先導(dǎo)閥部件和主閥部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)濾節(jié)流螺釘以及排氣螺栓。對(duì)減壓閥各零件抽象出其物理模型,利用MATLAB/Simulink創(chuàng)建減壓閥整體參數(shù)方程,對(duì)影響氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定工作狀態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)壓力調(diào)節(jié)的原因進(jìn)行仿真分析,得到各個(gè)參數(shù)的作用規(guī)律。最后設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)施先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,所開(kāi)發(fā)的先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥最大工作流量可達(dá)2000L/min。本文主要內(nèi)容概括如下:(1)敘述氣動(dòng)減壓閥種類(lèi),總結(jié)氣動(dòng)減壓閥研究現(xiàn)狀,點(diǎn)明本文工作的重點(diǎn)與工作內(nèi)容。(2)詳述所設(shè)計(jì)減壓閥主要部件和工作原理,并從氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)指標(biāo)出發(fā),對(duì)先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析與設(shè)計(jì),確定了先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥采用的密封形式。初步選取閥體參數(shù)的合理范圍。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)先導(dǎo)組件、主閥膜片、閥桿閥芯組件進(jìn)行受力分析,分別建立先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥中先導(dǎo)組件和主閥膜片以及閥桿閥芯組件的數(shù)學(xué)模型。用熱力學(xué)理論描述減壓閥內(nèi)各個(gè)氣腔系統(tǒng)的壓力-溫度微分方程,了解影響先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥性能的因素。(4)通過(guò)MATLAB/Simulink軟件搭建所設(shè)計(jì)減壓閥的微分方程,仿真分析輸入壓力、節(jié)流孔直徑、反饋孔直徑、主閥口直徑以及控制氣腔初始體積等參數(shù)對(duì)減壓閥性能的影響規(guī)律。進(jìn)而確定合理的閥體參數(shù)。(5)介紹了先導(dǎo)式氣動(dòng)減壓閥輸出壓力/流量測(cè)試系統(tǒng)基本原理,選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)器材測(cè)試減壓閥工作性能,仿真與實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比結(jié)果表明了仿真模型的準(zhǔn)確性。(6)總結(jié)了全文的主要工作與成果,為未來(lái)進(jìn)一步的研究提供方向。
[Abstract]:The pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve is a kind of pneumatic control element which uses compressed gas as working medium and adopts the feedback of pilot structure to provide stable working pressure. It can adapt to the fluctuation of pneumatic system, and is widely used in the field of ordinary industrial gas. It has become one of the most important research directions of pneumatic technology at present. In this paper, a pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve applied to industrial gas field is presented. Because of the miniaturization of the pressure reducing valve, modularization can reduce the cost and facilitate the replacement of the parts, so the internal pilot type is adopted to reduce the volume in the structure. Then the whole structure layout of pressure reducing valve, the structure design of pilot valve and main valve component, filter throttling screw and exhaust bolt are proposed. The physical model of the parts of the pressure reducing valve is abstracted and the integral parameter equation of the pressure reducing valve is created by using MATLAB/Simulink. The reasons that affect the stable working state of the pneumatic system and the dynamic pressure regulation are simulated and analyzed, and the action law of each parameter is obtained. Finally, the pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve experiment is designed and implemented. The experimental results show that the maximum working flow of the developed pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve can reach 2000L / min. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) describing the types of pneumatic pressure relief valves, summarizing the present research situation of the pneumatic pressure relief valves, pointing out the emphases and contents of the work in this paper. (2) expounding the main components and working principles of the designed valves. Based on the technical specifications of the pneumatic system, the structure of the pilot pneumatic pressure relief valve is analyzed and designed, and the sealing form of the pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve is determined. The reasonable range of valve body parameters is preliminarily selected. (3) Force analysis of pilot assembly, main valve diaphragm, stem spool assembly, The mathematical models of the pilot assembly, the main valve diaphragm and the stem spool assembly in the pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve were established respectively. The differential equations of pressure-temperature in the air chamber system in the valve are described by thermodynamics theory, and the factors influencing the performance of the pilot pneumatic pressure reducing valve are understood. (4) the differential equation of the designed valve is constructed by MATLAB/Simulink software. The effects of input pressure, throttle diameter, feed back hole diameter, main valve orifice diameter and the initial volume of the control chamber on the performance of the valve are simulated and analyzed. Then the reasonable valve body parameters are determined. (5) the basic principle of the pilot pneumatic pressure relief valve output pressure / flow test system is introduced, and the experimental equipment is selected to test the working performance of the valve. The results of simulation and experiment show the accuracy of the simulation model. (6) the main work and achievements of the paper are summarized, which provides a direction for further research in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH138.521

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