【摘要】：雙螺桿泵具有流量穩(wěn)定、壓力平穩(wěn)、自吸能力強、效率高及穩(wěn)定性強等優(yōu)點,廣泛應(yīng)用于石油化工、航運、污水處理等行業(yè)。但由于輸送介質(zhì)、工作環(huán)境等復(fù)雜多變,螺桿泵易發(fā)生疲勞破壞,因此,對雙螺桿泵主軸疲勞強度的分析研究具有重要意義。本文以某采油儲運系統(tǒng)使用的Ω型雙螺桿泵設(shè)計為應(yīng)用背景,分析了雙螺桿泵在額定工況下運行時轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的工作特性,建立了主軸載荷模型;通過試驗測試,獲得主軸材料疲勞壽命曲線,據(jù)此進(jìn)行了主軸的疲勞分析;并以提高可靠性為目標(biāo)對雙螺桿泵主軸結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計。本文建立了典型螺桿轉(zhuǎn)子端面型線方程和轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)三維模型,進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡優(yōu)化設(shè)計;運用FLUENT分析了雙螺桿泵在額定工況下流道內(nèi)的壓力分布規(guī)律,為雙螺桿泵主軸載荷預(yù)測提供數(shù)據(jù)支持�？紤]自身重力、齒輪傳動、介質(zhì)壓力、縫隙回流等因素,建立了雙螺桿泵主軸軸向力和徑向力的載荷模型,為雙螺桿泵主軸疲勞分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計奠定基礎(chǔ)。論文進(jìn)行了螺桿泵主軸常用材料05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不銹鋼的疲勞拉伸試驗,分析獲得了該材料的疲勞特性曲線;在此基礎(chǔ)上,考慮應(yīng)力集中和平均應(yīng)力修正等因素,利用ANSYS Workbench軟件分析了以該不銹鋼作為主軸材料的雙螺桿泵在某采油儲運系統(tǒng)中使用的疲勞壽命滿足要求。但基于疲勞可靠性設(shè)計理論分析表明,主軸疲勞可靠度僅為0.8643。為解決主軸疲勞可靠度較低的問題,基于響應(yīng)面法和有限元分析,本文以主軸直徑、倒角度數(shù)和動力端軸伸長度為優(yōu)化變量,各變量的極限值和主軸法向最大變形為約束條件,主軸危險截面承受的等效交變應(yīng)力最小為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),建立了雙螺桿泵主軸優(yōu)化設(shè)計模型。優(yōu)化結(jié)果顯示,與原設(shè)計相比,優(yōu)化后的主軸危險截面承受的等效交變應(yīng)力降低了 26.2%,法向最大變形量降低了 25.2%,無限壽命可靠度和疲勞安全系數(shù)均滿足設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:Double screw pump has the advantages of stable flow, steady pressure, strong self-priming ability, high efficiency and strong stability. It is widely used in petrochemical, shipping, sewage treatment and other industries. However, due to the complexity of conveying medium and working environment, the fatigue failure of the screw pump is easy to occur, so it is of great significance to analyze and study the fatigue strength of the spindle of the double screw pump. In this paper, based on the design of 惟 type double screw pump used in an oil recovery storage and transportation system, the working characteristics of the rotor system under rated operating conditions are analyzed, and the spindle load model is established. The fatigue life curve of spindle material is obtained by test, and the fatigue analysis of spindle is carried out according to this curve, and the structure of double screw pump spindle is optimized with the aim of improving reliability. In this paper, the profile equation of the end face of the typical screw rotor and the three dimensional model of the rotor system are established, and the optimal design of the rotor dynamic balance is carried out. The pressure distribution law of double screw pump under rated working condition is analyzed by FLUENT, which provides data support for load prediction of double screw pump spindle. The load models of axial and radial forces of double screw pump spindle are established considering the factors such as self gravity gear transmission medium pressure and slot reflux etc. It lays a foundation for fatigue analysis and optimization design of double screw pump spindle. The fatigue tensile test of 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel, a common material of screw pump spindle, was carried out in this paper, and the fatigue characteristic curve of the material was obtained. On this basis, considering the factors such as stress concentration and average stress correction, the fatigue life of the double screw pump with stainless steel as the main shaft material is analyzed by using ANSYS Workbench software to meet the requirements in an oil recovery storage and transportation system. However, the fatigue reliability of spindle is only 0.8643 based on the theoretical analysis of fatigue reliability design. In order to solve the problem of low fatigue reliability of spindle, based on response surface method and finite element analysis, this paper takes spindle diameter, chamfer degree and shaft extension length of power end as optimization variables, and the limit value of each variable and the maximum deformation of spindle normal direction are the constraint conditions. The optimal design model of double screw pump spindle is established. The optimization results show that, compared with the original design, the equivalent alternating stress of the dangerous section of the optimized spindle is reduced by 26.2kum, and the maximum normal deformation is reduced by 25.2. The reliability of infinite life and the factor of fatigue safety meet the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH327

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