【摘要】：壓電泵是利用逆壓電效應(yīng)來驅(qū)動介質(zhì)的一種流體泵，它具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、體積小、重量輕，壽命長，可靠性高等優(yōu)點。查閱相關(guān)文獻可知，國內(nèi)外對壓電泵的研究工作主要集中在提高性能參數(shù)（輸出壓力、輸出流量、輸出精度）和保證輸出性能前提下降低功耗等方面。 本論文來源于國家自然科學(xué)基金項目《多腔壓電泵用作血泵的基礎(chǔ)理論與試驗研究》。本項目主要是對多振子壓電泵結(jié)構(gòu)進行設(shè)計與優(yōu)化，并進行相關(guān)試驗，驗證多腔壓電泵用作人工心臟泵的可能性。本論文的研究內(nèi)容如下： 基于板殼理論與彈性力學(xué)中的軸對稱薄圓板的小撓度問題，建立了環(huán)形壓電振子的理論彎曲模型，推導(dǎo)出環(huán)形壓電振子容積變化的影響因素，并對論文中所用到的環(huán)形壓電振子的變形量進行了實驗測試。 設(shè)計了一種多振子壓電泵結(jié)構(gòu)，并對壓電泵的腔高、進出口直徑以及閥片的選取進行了優(yōu)化；對單振子壓電泵的單向閥進行動力學(xué)分析，采用閥片和振子質(zhì)量分離的方法簡化壓電泵結(jié)構(gòu)。分別討論了由壓電振子的運動所提供的慣性力作為驅(qū)動力以及由壓電振子的振動而產(chǎn)生的壓差作為驅(qū)動力致使閥片開啟的影響因素，推導(dǎo)出由慣性力引起閥片開啟和由壓差引起閥片開啟的開度公式。根據(jù)兩個公式可知，單向閥的開度取決于外界激勵和系統(tǒng)自身的參數(shù)。對單振子壓電泵的單向閥進行實驗分析，得到不同頻率下單振子壓電泵閥片開啟的主要影響因素。最后，介紹了單振子、雙振子以及三振子壓電泵的結(jié)構(gòu)以及在不同工作狀態(tài)下的工作原理。 制作壓電泵的實驗樣機，通過實驗測試了單振子、雙振子以及三振子壓電泵的輸出性能；探索出不同工作方式、工作振子數(shù)目以及閥片數(shù)量對壓電泵輸出性能的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明：①從輸出流量來看，隨著振子數(shù)目的增加，最佳工作頻率越來越小，在頻率為40Hz~220Hz時，輸出流量隨著振子數(shù)目的增加而略有增加，在頻率220Hz~400Hz時，輸出流量隨著振子數(shù)目的增加而減�。虎趶妮敵鰤毫砜�，隨著振子數(shù)目的增加，輸出壓力有顯著的提高，當(dāng)工作頻率為140Hz時，三振子壓電泵異步工作時的輸出壓力為4.08kPa；三振子壓電泵振子1不工作，振子2、3異步工作時的輸出壓力要明顯好于雙振子壓電泵異步工作時的輸出壓力，同時，三振子壓電泵振子3單獨工作時的輸出壓力要好于雙振子壓電泵振子2單獨工作時的輸出壓力，雙振子壓電泵振子2單獨工作時的輸出壓力要好于單振子壓電泵的輸出壓力。 制作多種實驗樣機進行甘油模擬血液實驗，得出不同腔高，不同閥片以及不同閥片厚度對壓電泵輸出性能的影響。 推導(dǎo)出壓電泵工作過程中的軸向壓力梯度，并建立了紅細(xì)胞膜的模型方程，，制作實驗樣機進行壓電泵工作時間對血細(xì)胞的影響實驗，并通過使用光學(xué)顯微鏡觀察細(xì)胞形態(tài)。
[Abstract]:Piezoelectric pump is a kind of fluid pump which uses inverse piezoelectric effect to drive medium. It has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight, long life, high reliability and so on. According to the related literatures, the research work of piezoelectric pump at home and abroad mainly focuses on improving the performance parameters (output pressure, output flow rate, output precision) and reducing power consumption under the premise of ensuring output performance. This paper comes from the project of National Natural Science Foundation, the basic theory and experimental study of multichamber piezoelectric pump as blood pump. This project is mainly to design and optimize the structure of multi-vibrator piezoelectric pump, and carry out related tests to verify the possibility of using multi-chamber piezoelectric pump as artificial heart pump. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: based on the theory of plate and shell and the problem of small deflection of axisymmetric thin circular plate in elastic mechanics, the theoretical bending model of ring piezoelectric oscillator is established. The influence factors of the volume variation of the ring piezoelectric oscillator are deduced, and the deformation of the ring piezoelectric oscillator used in this paper is tested experimentally. A multi-vibrator piezoelectric pump structure is designed, and the cavity height, inlet and outlet diameter of piezoelectric pump and the selection of valve plate are optimized, and the dynamic analysis of unidirectional valve of single vibrator piezoelectric pump is carried out. The structure of piezoelectric pump is simplified by means of mass separation of valve plate and vibrator. The inertial force provided by the motion of the piezoelectric vibrator as the driving force and the pressure difference caused by the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator as the driving force are discussed respectively. The opening formula for opening the valve plate caused by inertial force and by pressure difference is derived. According to the two formulas, the opening degree of the one-way valve depends on the external excitation and the parameters of the system itself. Based on the experimental analysis of the single vibrator piezoelectric pump valve, the main factors influencing the opening of the valve plate of the order oscillator piezoelectric pump with different frequencies are obtained. Finally, the structure and working principle of single oscillator, double oscillator and three vibrator piezoelectric pump are introduced. The experimental prototype of piezoelectric pump is made, and the output performance of single oscillator, double oscillator and three vibrator piezoelectric pump is tested experimentally, and the effects of different working modes, number of working vibrators and the number of valve plates on the output performance of piezoelectric pump are explored. The experimental results show that: 1 from the point of view of the output flux, with the increase of the number of vibrators, the optimal operating frequency becomes smaller and smaller. When the frequency is 40Hz~220Hz, the output flow rate increases slightly with the increase of the number of vibrators, and at the frequency of 220Hz~400Hz, The output flow rate decreases with the increase of the number of oscillators, 2 from the point of view of the output pressure, the output pressure increases significantly with the increase of the number of vibrators, and the output pressure of the three-oscillator piezoelectric pump is 4.08 KPA when the operating frequency is 140Hz. The output pressure of the three vibrator piezoelectric pump oscillator 1 is obviously better than that of the double oscillator piezoelectric pump when it works asynchronously, and at the same time, The output pressure of the three vibrator piezoelectric pump vibrator 3 is better than that of the double oscillator piezoelectric pump oscillator 2 working alone. The output pressure of the double oscillator piezoelectric pump oscillator 2 is better than that of the single vibrator piezoelectric pump. The effects of different cavity height, different valve plate and different valve thickness on the output performance of piezoelectric pump were obtained by making a variety of experimental prototypes to simulate the blood of glycerin. The axial pressure gradient during the operation of the piezoelectric pump was derived, and the model equation of erythrocyte membrane was established. The experimental prototype was made to test the effect of the working time of the pump on the blood cells, and the morphology of the cells was observed by optical microscope.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH38

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