【摘要】：水液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)憑借自身綠色環(huán)保、安全性好、效率高等特點(diǎn),具有油壓無(wú)法比擬的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,水液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)日益受到人們的重視,并已經(jīng)在工程機(jī)械、水下作業(yè)、食品醫(yī)藥等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域得到了推廣與應(yīng)用。然而,要實(shí)現(xiàn)水液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)的推廣,就必須首先研制出高性能的水液壓元件。目前已經(jīng)研制出的水液壓元件越來(lái)越多,水液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域越來(lái)越廣。人們對(duì)于水液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的精度要求也日漸提高。建立起水壓伺服控制系統(tǒng)是水壓技術(shù)研發(fā)的重要組成部分,也是水液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)以及控制技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)科前沿。伺服閥作為電液伺服系統(tǒng)控制的核心,為了發(fā)展水液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù),對(duì)水液壓伺服閥研發(fā)和改進(jìn)十分必要。本文設(shè)計(jì)并改進(jìn)了一種水液壓傳動(dòng)伺服閥,而且以旋轉(zhuǎn)式閥芯運(yùn)動(dòng)形式代替直動(dòng)式閥芯運(yùn)動(dòng)形式,并運(yùn)用Matlab/Simulink模塊進(jìn)行仿真研究。主要工作如下：(1)根據(jù)已有的伺服閥工作原理及其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行再設(shè)計(jì)。采用旋轉(zhuǎn)式直流電機(jī)與閥芯直接相連,閥芯節(jié)流孔的開(kāi)啟量與閥芯的旋轉(zhuǎn)角度成比例。初步設(shè)計(jì)出旋轉(zhuǎn)式水壓伺服閥的工作原理及其結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)對(duì)閥口形式進(jìn)行討論并計(jì)算其剛度及氣穴指數(shù),判定抗氣蝕性能。最終確定閥口的形式為二級(jí)節(jié)流閥口。(2)根據(jù)閥口計(jì)算結(jié)果,改進(jìn)伺服閥節(jié)流閥口的設(shè)計(jì)方案,使用Pro-E三維建模,進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與改進(jìn)。采用二級(jí)節(jié)流閥口。并將閥套設(shè)計(jì)由兩部分改進(jìn)為一部分。經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算重新設(shè)計(jì)閥口分布,并重新設(shè)計(jì)了各個(gè)主要零件的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸。最終得到修改后的旋轉(zhuǎn)式伺服閥工作原理及其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)并實(shí)際需要進(jìn)行材料和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的選擇,進(jìn)一步選擇合適的直流力矩電機(jī)、編碼盤(pán)。(3)對(duì)改進(jìn)后的伺服閥進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)建模。根據(jù)所得到的直流力矩電機(jī)電樞回路的電壓平衡方程、轉(zhuǎn)矩平衡方程以及力矩電機(jī)力矩輸出方程等,計(jì)算出傳遞函數(shù)。利用Pro-E軟件進(jìn)行閥芯等結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量分析,計(jì)算出傳遞函數(shù)中各項(xiàng)參數(shù)。利用Matlab/Simulink模塊進(jìn)行伺服閥的動(dòng)態(tài)性能評(píng)定仿真,對(duì)頻率響應(yīng)進(jìn)行仿真。得到所設(shè)計(jì)伺服閥的幅值裕度、相位裕度等信息,用以判斷系統(tǒng)的特性。對(duì)本文研制的旋轉(zhuǎn)式水壓伺服閥的頻率響應(yīng)的仿真,最終得出伺服閥的動(dòng)態(tài)特性參數(shù)。經(jīng)過(guò)參數(shù)對(duì)比后,結(jié)果基本達(dá)到了伺服閥設(shè)計(jì)要求,可以為今后樣機(jī)試驗(yàn)等后續(xù)工作提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Water hydraulic transmission technology with its own green environmental protection, good security, high efficiency and other characteristics, oil pressure unparalleled competitiveness. With the development of science and technology, water hydraulic transmission technology has been paid more and more attention, and has been popularized and applied in engineering machinery, underwater operation, food and medicine and other related fields. However, in order to popularize water hydraulic transmission technology, it is necessary to develop high performance hydraulic components. At present, more and more water hydraulic components have been developed, and the application fields of water hydraulic transmission technology are more and more extensive. The accuracy of water hydraulic transmission system is also increasing. The establishment of hydraulic servo control system is an important part of the research and development of hydraulic technology, and it is also the frontier of the field of water hydraulic transmission technology and control technology. Servo valve is the core of electro-hydraulic servo system control. In order to develop water hydraulic transmission technology, it is necessary to develop and improve water hydraulic servo valve. In this paper, a hydraulic servo valve is designed and improved, and the rotary spool motion is used to replace the straight-acting valve core, and the simulation is carried out by using Matlab/Simulink module. The main work is as follows: (1) redesign the servo valve according to its working principle and structure. The rotary DC motor is directly connected to the spool, and the opening of the orifice is proportional to the rotary angle of the spool. The working principle and structure of rotary hydraulic servo valve are preliminarily designed. The cavitation resistance is determined by discussing the form of valve and calculating its stiffness and cavitation index. (2) according to the results of valve mouth calculation, the design scheme of servo valve throttle port is improved, and the three-dimensional model of servo valve is used to design and improve the structure of servo-valve throttle valve. (2) according to the result of valve mouth calculation, the design scheme of servo valve throttle port is improved. Adopt two-stage throttle orifice. The design of valve sleeve is improved from two parts to one part. The distribution of the valve opening was calculated and the structural dimensions of the main parts were redesigned. Finally, the working principle and structure design of the modified rotary servo valve are obtained. According to the actual need to select the material and standard parts, further select the appropriate DC torque motor, coding disk. (3) the improved servo valve mathematical modeling. According to the voltage balance equation, torque balance equation and torque output equation of DC torque armature circuit, the transfer function is calculated. The structure quality of valve core is analyzed by Pro-E software, and the parameters of transfer function are calculated. The dynamic performance evaluation of servo valve is simulated by Matlab/Simulink module, and the frequency response is simulated. The amplitude margin and phase margin of the designed servo valve are obtained to judge the characteristics of the system. The simulation of the frequency response of the rotary hydraulic servo valve developed in this paper is carried out, and the dynamic characteristic parameters of the servo valve are obtained. After comparison of parameters, the results basically meet the requirements of servo valve design, which can provide theoretical basis for the follow-up work such as prototype test in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TH137.52

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