【摘要】：低比轉(zhuǎn)速離心泵具有輸送介質(zhì)流量小、揚程高等特點,廣泛應(yīng)用于石油化工、制藥和電力等工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中。但泵運行過程中會出現(xiàn)振動,這將引起泵的損壞,降低性能,減少使用壽命,同時還將產(chǎn)生噪聲。因此提高離心泵的平穩(wěn)運行至關(guān)重要。泵內(nèi)非定常流動產(chǎn)生的水力激勵力是導(dǎo)致離心泵不穩(wěn)定運行的主要原因之一,泵內(nèi)部流體非定常流動造成的振動將嚴重影響離心泵的安全穩(wěn)定運行。本文運用CFD軟件和FEM軟件進行耦合計算,研究了低比轉(zhuǎn)速離心泵內(nèi)非定常流動與轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)振動之間的關(guān)系,主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)運用Pro/E軟件建立低比轉(zhuǎn)速離心泵全流場三維模型,包括前后蓋板間隙與口環(huán)間隙,并使用ANSYS ICEM生成網(wǎng)格。基于SST(Shear Stress Transport)k-ω湍流模型對離心泵內(nèi)部流場進行非定常計算,分析了離心泵內(nèi)壓力、速度和軸向渦流的分布情況。(2)通過雙向流固耦合計算和非耦合計算獲得蝸殼上的壓力脈動,與實驗結(jié)果進行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩種模擬的結(jié)果與實驗結(jié)果都很接近,變化規(guī)律一致,在一個周期內(nèi)出現(xiàn)8個波峰,波峰數(shù)與葉輪葉片數(shù)相同。(3)為了了解非定常流動下徑向力的變化規(guī)律,對葉輪上的徑向力和單個葉片上的徑向力進行分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):葉輪上的徑向力周期變化,隨著流量增加葉輪上的徑向力逐漸增大;單葉片上的徑向力在葉片經(jīng)過隔舌時會發(fā)生突變,流量越小變化越明顯。(4)對轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)進行模態(tài)分析,得到前十階模態(tài)的固有頻率和模態(tài)振型圖;并分析了葉輪在不同流量下的葉輪振動位移,隨著流量增加葉輪的振動位移增加,在小流量下振動位移不規(guī)則。
[Abstract]:Low specific speed centrifugal pump is widely used in petrochemical, pharmaceutical and power industries because of its small flow rate and high head. However, vibration will occur during the operation of the pump, which will cause damage to the pump, reduce performance, reduce service life, and also produce noise. Therefore, it is very important to improve the smooth operation of the centrifugal pump. Hydraulic excitation force produced by unsteady flow in pump is one of the main reasons leading to unsteady operation of centrifugal pump. Vibration caused by unsteady flow in pump will seriously affect the safe and stable operation of centrifugal pump. The main research contents are as follows: (1) Using Pro/E software to build a three-dimensional model of the whole flow field of low specific speed centrifugal pump, including the gap between front and rear cover plate and orifice ring, and using ANSYS ICEM to generate grid. Based on the SST (Shear Stress Transport) k-_turbulence model, the unsteady flow field in the centrifugal pump was calculated and analyzed. The distribution of pressure, velocity and axial eddy current in the centrifugal pump was studied. (2) The pressure pulsation on the volute was obtained by two-way fluid-solid coupling calculation and uncoupled calculation. Comparing with the experimental results, it is found that the two simulation results are very close to the experimental results, and the variation law is consistent. There are eight peaks in one cycle, and the number of peaks and impeller blades appear. (3) In order to understand the variation of radial force under unsteady flow, the radial force on the impeller and the radial force on a single blade were analyzed. (4) The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the first ten modes are obtained by modal analysis, and the vibration displacement of the impeller under different flow rates is analyzed. The vibration displacement of the impeller increases with the flow rate, and the vibration displacement is irregular at small flow rates.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH311

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