【摘要】：傳動帶作為一種柔性傳動件,具有結(jié)構簡單、傳動平穩(wěn)、無噪音、緩沖吸振等優(yōu)點,被廣泛地應用在機車發(fā)動機、風機、水泵等諸多工業(yè)領域。傳動帶在運動過程中會產(chǎn)生振動,其振動信號中蘊含了傳動帶運行狀態(tài)的重要信息,也能夠反映出傳動帶加工誤差、裝配誤差、機械故障及外加隨時變化的扭矩等缺陷故障。對傳送帶振動參數(shù)的測量及實時監(jiān)測可以提高設備運行的可靠性,及時掌握設備運行故障的早期征兆。對于及時發(fā)現(xiàn)傳送機構的結(jié)構設計缺陷、部件故障缺損具有重要意義。本文主要針對基于靜電感應的傳動帶振動測量方法進行研究。本課題的主要工作和創(chuàng)新性研究成果有如下幾個方面:1.依據(jù)靜電感應原理,結(jié)合傳動帶振動測量要求以及靜電信號的特點,使用電荷型靜電傳感器對振動位移進行測量。將電極感應到的電荷量轉(zhuǎn)換成電壓信號,再經(jīng)過信號放大、濾波電路,進入信號采集系統(tǒng)。2.設置了激光位移傳感器與靜電傳感器的對比實驗,將在同一時間相近測量點的靜電信號與激光位移信號在時域上和頻域上進行對比,結(jié)果證明靜電信號與位移信號具有較高的相關性,并能在頻域上指示傳動帶的振動頻率以及各個頻率上幅值的相對大小。通過實驗驗證了靜電傳感器的測量有效性。3.第一次提出將頻域分解法應用于傳動帶的振動分析中,同時還使用了工作形變分析法進行振動分析。實現(xiàn)了基于靜電傳感器的傳動帶振動頻率、振型、工作形變的測量。根據(jù)振動測量分析實驗的要求,設計了傳動帶振動測量實驗裝置�？筛淖儌鲃訋У拈L度、張緊力、縱向速度,并采集不同工況下傳動帶的靜電信號對其進行分析處理。通過對比不同工況下傳動帶的振動頻率、振型、工作形變,掌握了不同帶長、張緊力、縱向速度對傳動帶振動的影響。4.通過對比兩種方法的分析結(jié)果,總結(jié)出這兩種方法的特點,并找到兩種方法測量結(jié)果的一致性和區(qū)別。
[Abstract]:As a kind of flexible transmission, the transmission belt has the advantages of simple structure, stable transmission, no noise, cushioning and vibration absorption, and has been widely used in many industrial fields such as locomotive engine, fan, water pump and so on. The vibration of the belt will occur in the course of motion. The vibration signal contains the important information of the running state of the belt, and it can also reflect the defects of the belt, such as machining error, assembly error, mechanical fault and external torque. The measurement and real time monitoring of conveyor belt vibration parameters can improve the reliability of equipment operation and grasp the early signs of equipment running failure in time. It is of great significance to discover the structural design defect and fault defect of the transmission mechanism in time. In this paper, the vibration measurement method of transmission belt based on electrostatic induction is studied. The main work and innovative research results are as follows: 1. According to the principle of electrostatic induction, combined with the requirement of vibration measurement and the characteristics of electrostatic signal, the vibration displacement is measured by charge type electrostatic sensor. The electric charge of the electrode is converted into a voltage signal, and then the signal is amplified and filtered into the signal acquisition system. 2. The contrast experiment between laser displacement sensor and electrostatic sensor is carried out. The electrostatic signal at the same time is compared with the laser displacement signal in time domain and frequency domain. The results show that the electrostatic signal has a high correlation with the displacement signal and can indicate the vibration frequency of the belt and the relative magnitude of the amplitude of each frequency in the frequency domain. The experimental results show that the electrostatic sensor is effective. The frequency domain decomposition method is applied to the vibration analysis of the transmission belt for the first time, and the working deformation analysis method is also used to analyze the vibration. The measurement of vibration frequency, mode shape and working deformation of transmission belt based on electrostatic sensor is realized. According to the requirements of vibration measurement and analysis experiment, a vibration measuring experiment device for transmission belt is designed. The length, tension force and longitudinal velocity of the belt can be changed, and the electrostatic signals of the belt under different working conditions can be analyzed and processed. By comparing the vibration frequency, mode shape and working deformation of the belt under different working conditions, the effects of different belt length, tension force and longitudinal velocity on the vibration of the belt are mastered. By comparing the analysis results of the two methods, the characteristics of the two methods are summarized, and the consistency and difference between the two methods are found.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH132.31;TP212

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本文編號：2185717