【摘要】：門式起重機(jī)作為一種大型起重運(yùn)輸設(shè)備用途十分廣泛,金屬結(jié)構(gòu)是門式起重機(jī)的重要組成部分,一般占據(jù)整機(jī)重量的60%以上,主要作用是承受和傳遞作用在起重機(jī)上的各種載荷,其設(shè)計(jì)水平直接影響著起重機(jī)的工作性能及安全性能。有限元分析理論、確定性優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法的應(yīng)用一定程度上改善了傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)存在的問(wèn)題,但由于起重機(jī)在設(shè)計(jì)、制造、使用過(guò)程中存在諸多的不確定因素的影響,確定性優(yōu)化結(jié)果并不一定符合工程實(shí)際對(duì)安全性的要求,將可靠性理論和穩(wěn)健設(shè)計(jì)方法應(yīng)用于起重機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)中,達(dá)到有效平衡產(chǎn)品使用安全性能和經(jīng)濟(jì)性能的設(shè)計(jì)效果。同時(shí),為降低計(jì)算成本、提高計(jì)算效率,提出用代理模型替代有限元仿真程序的調(diào)用進(jìn)行優(yōu)化的方法。本文以某型號(hào)的門式起重機(jī)金屬結(jié)構(gòu)為研究對(duì)象,首先,編寫(xiě)APDL命令流程序建立滿足準(zhǔn)確性要求的參數(shù)化有限元模型,進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)分析;然后,運(yùn)用Isight軟件集成Ansys軟件,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法獲取反映起重機(jī)關(guān)鍵設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和響應(yīng)關(guān)系的樣本數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用RBF-NN代理模型技術(shù)擬合樣本點(diǎn)構(gòu)建高精度的結(jié)構(gòu)性能函數(shù)和極限狀態(tài)函數(shù)代理模型;最后,基于極限狀態(tài)函數(shù)代理模型,采用隨機(jī)攝動(dòng)技術(shù)獲取結(jié)構(gòu)可靠度指標(biāo)作為約束,并在約束條件中加入靈敏度附加項(xiàng)進(jìn)行穩(wěn)健設(shè)計(jì),最終達(dá)到可靠性穩(wěn)健優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)目的。設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果相比于一般優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方案,在達(dá)到減輕自重目的的情況下,有效提高了設(shè)計(jì)方案的可靠性和穩(wěn)健性,具有一定的實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:Gantry crane is widely used as a kind of large crane transportation equipment. Metal structure is an important part of gantry crane, which occupies more than 60% of the weight of the whole crane. The main function is to bear and transmit all kinds of loads acting on the crane, and its design level directly affects the working performance and safety performance of the crane. The application of finite element analysis theory and deterministic optimization method improves the problems existing in traditional design to some extent, but there are many uncertain factors in the design, manufacture and use of crane. The deterministic optimization results do not necessarily meet the requirements of engineering practice for safety. The reliability theory and robust design method are applied to the optimization design of crane structure to achieve an effective balance between the safety performance and the economic performance of the product. At the same time, in order to reduce the calculation cost and improve the computational efficiency, an optimization method is proposed to replace the finite element simulation program with the agent model. In this paper, the metal structure of a certain type of gantry crane is taken as the research object. Firstly, the APDL command flow program is compiled to establish the parameterized finite element model to meet the accuracy requirements, and then the static analysis is carried out, and then the Ansys software is integrated with the Isight software. The experimental design method is used to obtain the sample data reflecting the key design parameters and response relationship of crane, and the RBF-NN agent model is used to fit the sample points to construct the high precision structural performance function and limit state function agent model. Based on the agent model of limit state function, random perturbation technique is used to obtain the structural reliability index as the constraint, and the sensitivity additional item is added to the constraint condition for robust design. Finally, the reliability robust optimization design is achieved. Compared with the general optimal design, the design results can effectively improve the reliability and robustness of the design scheme, and have a certain practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.5

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