【摘要】：角接觸球軸承是電主軸的主要支承方式。油氣潤(rùn)滑是近年發(fā)展起來的一種新型氣液兩相流冷卻潤(rùn)滑技術(shù),現(xiàn)已成為電主軸角接觸球軸承的主要潤(rùn)滑方式。然而,在電主軸復(fù)雜多變的運(yùn)行工況下,摩擦發(fā)熱仍然是限制電主軸角接觸球軸承轉(zhuǎn)速、精度和壽命等性能進(jìn)一步提升的主要障礙。因此,開展高速角接觸球軸承油氣潤(rùn)滑試驗(yàn)研究,對(duì)提高電主軸及支承軸承的工作性能和使用壽命具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。鑒于此,本文專門設(shè)計(jì)了一種高速角接觸球軸承油氣潤(rùn)滑試驗(yàn)臺(tái),為高速角接觸球軸承油氣潤(rùn)滑性能研究提供實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:根據(jù)高速電主軸角接觸球軸承油氣潤(rùn)滑的實(shí)際工況,確定了高速角接觸球軸承油氣潤(rùn)滑試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的功能要求和設(shè)計(jì)要求,制定了試驗(yàn)臺(tái)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案。試驗(yàn)臺(tái)主要由試驗(yàn)軸承測(cè)試結(jié)構(gòu)、油氣潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)、驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、測(cè)控系統(tǒng)、冷卻系統(tǒng)、加載系統(tǒng)等組成。并對(duì)試驗(yàn)軸承測(cè)試結(jié)構(gòu)、傳感器和油氣潤(rùn)滑噴油嘴安裝及其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)的目的和要求,設(shè)計(jì)了本試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的測(cè)試和控制系統(tǒng)。對(duì)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)中溫度傳感、壓強(qiáng)傳感器、顏色傳感器進(jìn)行了功能確定和型號(hào)選擇;對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)中油氣潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)控制器、高速電主軸、變頻器、冷卻系統(tǒng)等進(jìn)行了功能確定和型號(hào)選擇。基于電磁場(chǎng)理論,研制了本試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的非接觸式電磁加載裝置,該加載裝置可以給試驗(yàn)軸承提供加載軸向載荷和徑向載荷,也可以同時(shí)提供軸向、徑向載荷。電磁加載裝置主要由電磁鐵芯、導(dǎo)磁環(huán)、導(dǎo)軌等主要零件構(gòu)成,電磁鐵芯結(jié)構(gòu)是由U硅鋼片疊制和線圈組成;導(dǎo)磁環(huán)設(shè)計(jì)為環(huán)形結(jié)構(gòu),材料選為導(dǎo)磁率較高的鐵鎳合金;導(dǎo)軌設(shè)計(jì)為燕尾環(huán)形鑄鐵導(dǎo)軌。該電磁加載裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)試驗(yàn)軸承的非接觸加載,在很大程度上減少高速電主軸帶來的振動(dòng)導(dǎo)致試驗(yàn)結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確的問題。
[Abstract]:Angular contact ball bearing is the main supporting mode of motorized spindle. Oil and gas lubrication is a new type of gas-liquid two-phase flow cooling lubrication technology developed in recent years. It has become the main lubrication mode of motor spindle angular contact ball bearings. However, under the complex and changeable operating conditions of the motorized spindle, friction and heat are still the main obstacles to further improve the performance of the motor spindle angular contact ball bearing, such as speed, precision and life. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to study the oil and gas lubrication of high-speed angular contact ball bearings for improving the working performance and service life of motorized spindle and bearing. In view of this, a high speed angular contact ball bearing oil and gas lubrication test bench is designed in this paper, which provides experimental basis for the study of oil and gas lubrication performance of high speed angular contact ball bearing. The main research contents are as follows: according to the actual conditions of oil and gas lubrication of high speed motorized spindle angular contact ball bearings, the functional requirements and design requirements of the high speed angle contact ball bearing oil and gas lubrication test bench are determined, and the overall design scheme of the test bed is established. The test bed consists of test structure, oil and gas lubrication system, drive system, measurement and control system, cooling system, loading system and so on. The test structure of the test bearing, the installation and structure of the sensor and oil-gas-lubricated injector are designed in detail. According to the purpose and requirement of the test, the test and control system is designed. The function and model selection of temperature sensor, pressure sensor and color sensor in the test system are carried out, and the oil and gas lubricating system controller, high speed motorized spindle, frequency converter in the control system are given. The cooling system was selected for function and model selection. Based on the theory of electromagnetic field, a non-contact electromagnetic loading device is developed, which can provide axial and radial loads, as well as axial and radial loads, to test bearings. The electromagnetic loading device is mainly composed of electromagnet core, magnetic guide ring, guide rail and other main parts. The electromagnet core structure is composed of U silicon steel sheet stack and coil, the conducting magnetic ring is designed as annular structure, and the material is chosen as Fe-Ni alloy with high magnetic conductivity. The guide rail is designed as a swallowtail ring cast iron guideway. The electromagnetic loading device realizes the non-contact loading of the test bearing and reduces the vibration caused by the high-speed motorized spindle to a great extent resulting in the inaccuracy of the test results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH117.2;TH133.3

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