發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-25 15:45

  本文選題：金屬橡膠密封件 + 往復(fù)軸動(dòng)密封��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：金屬橡膠材料具有耐高壓、耐腐蝕、耐輻射、工作溫度范圍大、承載能力強(qiáng)及不易老化等優(yōu)良特性,這些特性決定了其可以用于解決我國(guó)航空航天領(lǐng)域、國(guó)防武器裝備等苛刻工況下存在的密封難題。然而,用于往復(fù)軸動(dòng)密封的金屬橡膠密封件尚鮮有研究。本文針對(duì)往復(fù)軸動(dòng)密封展開了關(guān)于金屬橡膠密封件密封性能的研究。往復(fù)軸動(dòng)密封中初始狀態(tài)下密封件與軸之間的接觸應(yīng)力分布對(duì)密封性能有重要的影響。建立了過盈裝配狀態(tài)下的接觸模型,分析了接觸應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生原因;利用半平面無(wú)限問題的求解方法,推導(dǎo)了金屬橡膠彈性體的接觸應(yīng)力分布計(jì)算公式;分析了包覆層的變形規(guī)律,推導(dǎo)了包覆層由周向拉伸產(chǎn)生的接觸應(yīng)力分布計(jì)算公式;針對(duì)實(shí)際安裝尺寸的密封件進(jìn)行了接觸應(yīng)力分布的實(shí)例計(jì)算。利用密封件變形應(yīng)力、接觸應(yīng)力和液壓油壓力三者之間的平衡關(guān)系建立了金屬橡膠密封件動(dòng)密封數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過分析相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)下金屬橡膠密封件的密封過程,對(duì)密封件的幾何輪廓和變形進(jìn)行了合理的簡(jiǎn)化和假設(shè),利用迭代的思想進(jìn)行了接觸應(yīng)力分析、流體力學(xué)分析、密封件變形分析,得出運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中平衡狀態(tài)下密封件在接觸區(qū)域內(nèi)的變形及泄漏間隙的變化。通過分析金屬橡膠密封件在往復(fù)軸動(dòng)密封中產(chǎn)生泄漏的原因,將液壓油的泄漏歸結(jié)為壓差流和剪切流。利用同心圓柱環(huán)形間隙泄漏模型和流體力學(xué)中描述一維層流簡(jiǎn)化的Navier-Stokes方程,對(duì)初始狀態(tài)下、軸伸出過程和縮回過程中的泄漏進(jìn)行了分析,并利用Persson接觸理論推導(dǎo)了適用于金屬橡膠密封件的泄漏率計(jì)算公式。對(duì)金屬橡膠密封專用試驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),增加了摩擦力測(cè)量模塊和伺服電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。制備了側(cè)面開口型金屬橡膠密封件;根據(jù)金屬橡膠密封件的安裝要求設(shè)計(jì)加工了動(dòng)密封試驗(yàn)工裝。利用改進(jìn)的金屬橡膠密封專用試驗(yàn)臺(tái)和動(dòng)密封試驗(yàn)工裝進(jìn)行了金屬橡膠密封件動(dòng)密封試驗(yàn)研究,通過對(duì)比試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論結(jié)果驗(yàn)證理論分析的正確性。
[Abstract]:Metal rubber materials have excellent characteristics such as high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, wide range of working temperature, strong bearing capacity and not easy aging. These characteristics determine that metal rubber materials can be used to solve the problem of aerospace industry in China. The sealing problem existing in the harsh working conditions such as national defense weapons and equipment. However, metal rubber seals for reciprocating shaft dynamic seals have not been studied. In this paper, the sealing performance of metal rubber seals is studied for reciprocating shaft dynamic seals. The contact stress distribution between the seal and the shaft in the initial state of reciprocating shaft dynamic seal has an important effect on the seal performance. The contact model of interference assembly is established, the reason of contact stress is analyzed, the formula of contact stress distribution of metal rubber elastomer is deduced by using the method of solving the infinite half plane problem, and the deformation law of coating layer is analyzed. The calculation formula of contact stress distribution caused by circumferential tension is derived, and the contact stress distribution of sealing parts with actual installation size is calculated by an example. The mathematical model of dynamic seal of metal rubber seal was established by using the balance among deformation stress contact stress and hydraulic oil pressure. By analyzing the sealing process of metal rubber seal in relative motion, the geometric profile and deformation of seal are simplified and hypothesized reasonably, and the contact stress analysis and hydrodynamic analysis are carried out using iterative thought. The deformation of the seal in the contact area and the change of the leakage clearance are obtained by analyzing the deformation of the seal. The leakage of hydraulic oil is reduced to differential pressure flow and shear flow by analyzing the reason of leakage of metal rubber seal in reciprocating shaft dynamic seal. Based on the concentric cylindrical annular gap leakage model and the Navier-Stokes equation which describes the one-dimensional laminar flow in hydrodynamics, the leakage in the initial state during the axial extension process and the contraction process is analyzed. The formula for calculating leakage rate of metal rubber seals is derived by Persson contact theory. The special test bed for metal rubber seal was improved, and the friction measurement module and servo motor drive system were added. The side opening metal rubber seal was prepared and the dynamic seal test tool was designed and processed according to the installation requirements of the metal rubber seal. The dynamic seal test of metal rubber seal was carried out by using the improved metal rubber seal special test rig and the dynamic seal test tool. The correctness of the theoretical analysis was verified by comparing the test results with the theoretical results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH136

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