本文選題：變分方程 + 有限元法��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,一種發(fā)展比較迅速其在高速旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備使用上備受青睞的動(dòng)密封即為干氣密封。在工程實(shí)踐應(yīng)用上,條件范圍拓寬到主軸處于低轉(zhuǎn)速下,如攪拌器等。干氣密封在高速形成動(dòng)壓的理論過程不能得以實(shí)現(xiàn),工程問題突顯出需要一種適用低轉(zhuǎn)速下的密封理論來指導(dǎo)解決工程實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)的問題。本論文依據(jù)流體力學(xué)和氣體潤滑,結(jié)合靜壓干氣密封的邊界條件,推導(dǎo)出了氣體雷諾方程,依據(jù)靜壓干氣密封的基本工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),應(yīng)用伽遼金法對(duì)方程進(jìn)行化簡得到變分方程,由密封腔中密封氣膜所處的邊界條件,使用有限元法和超松弛迭代對(duì)離散化的變分方程進(jìn)行求解。得出在靜環(huán)密封端面上壓力分布,在軸向上,從靜環(huán)密封端面到動(dòng)環(huán)密封端面方向上,壓力呈現(xiàn)拋物線型遞減趨勢。在靜環(huán)密封端面徑向上,由節(jié)流孔處向內(nèi)徑和外徑出逐漸降低,在節(jié)流孔處出現(xiàn)壓力最高峰。再通過熱平衡分析和模型簡化,建立了靜壓干氣密封三維穩(wěn)態(tài)柱坐標(biāo)下無內(nèi)熱源的固體導(dǎo)熱微分方程。應(yīng)用ANSYS軟件建立靜壓干氣密封動(dòng)、靜環(huán)力變形、溫度場及熱力耦合變形有限元分析模型,并對(duì)密封環(huán)力變形分析,溫度場進(jìn)行求解及熱力耦合變形下的計(jì)算。得出了只考慮力變形情況下,動(dòng)、靜環(huán)的變形云圖和變形量。密封端面的溫度場分析和熱力耦合變形情況下的動(dòng)、靜環(huán)的變形云圖和變形量。根據(jù)穩(wěn)態(tài)下計(jì)算出來的靜環(huán)端面壓力分布,考慮熱力耦合下靜環(huán)端面的變形,從而影響氣膜剛度。計(jì)算得出在不同工況下,不同的節(jié)流孔特性參數(shù)及端面參數(shù)對(duì)密封穩(wěn)定性的影響,及不同工況下的泄漏量及摩擦功耗。最后獲得靜壓干氣密封端面微尺度氣膜位移的優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:At present, a kind of dynamic seal, which is very popular in the use of high speed rotating equipment, is called dry gas seal. In engineering practice, the range of conditions is widened to the spindle at low speed, such as agitator. The theoretical process of dry gas seal forming dynamic pressure at high speed can not be realized. Engineering problems highlight the need for a kind of sealing theory suitable for low rotational speed to guide and solve the problems in engineering practice. Based on hydrodynamics, gas lubrication and boundary conditions of hydrostatic dry gas seal, the gas Reynolds equation is deduced in this paper, and the basic working principle and structure parameters of hydrostatic dry gas seal are discussed. The Galerkin method is used to simplify the equation to obtain the variational equation. The discrete variational equation is solved by finite element method and overrelaxation iteration according to the boundary conditions of the sealing film in the sealing chamber. The pressure distribution on the end face of the static ring seal is obtained, and the pressure decreases in the direction of the axial direction from the end face of the static ring seal to the end face of the moving ring seal. In the radial direction of the end face of the static ring seal, the internal diameter and the outer diameter gradually decrease from the orifice to the orifice, and the pressure peak occurs at the throttle hole. By means of thermal equilibrium analysis and model simplification, the differential equation of solid heat conduction without internal heat source is established under the three-dimensional steady cylinder coordinates of hydrostatic dry gas seal. The finite element analysis model of static pressure dry gas seal dynamic, static ring force deformation, temperature field and thermo-mechanical coupling deformation is established by using ANSYS software, and the analysis of seal ring force deformation, the solution of temperature field and the calculation of thermal coupling deformation are carried out. The deformation cloud figure and deformation quantity of moving and static ring are obtained only considering force deformation. The temperature field analysis of the seal end face and the deformation cloud diagram and deformation quantity of the dynamic and static ring under the condition of coupled thermal deformation. According to the pressure distribution of static ring end surface calculated under steady state, considering the deformation of static ring end surface under thermal coupling, the film stiffness is affected. The effects of different characteristic parameters of throttle hole and end face on the seal stability, leakage and friction power consumption under different working conditions were calculated. Finally, the optimized structure of micro-scale gas film displacement on the end face of hydrostatic dry gas seal is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH136

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本文編號(hào)：2005765