本文選題：渦旋壓縮機 + 振動��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著渦旋壓縮機的普及,其關(guān)注度越來越高。渦旋壓縮機運轉(zhuǎn)的平穩(wěn)與否直接關(guān)系到其性能的好壞,而振動信號就是其工作性能的語言。想要獲得目標參數(shù),就需要利用相應(yīng)的方法分析渦旋壓縮機的振動信號。由于渦旋壓縮機的獨特結(jié)構(gòu),其殼體振動情況復(fù)雜,然而在關(guān)于渦旋壓縮機振動信號的文獻中,缺少對壓縮機殼體表面振動位置的特殊性的系統(tǒng)研究。此外,由于渦旋壓縮機課題研究時間較短,缺少對其進行實時監(jiān)測的方法,無法判斷在其運行過程中的性能變化。本課題基于渦旋壓縮機的特殊構(gòu)造,提出了四個振動特殊位置作為研究對象,即排氣口壁面、動渦旋盤及十字滑環(huán)位置、曲軸的主軸承以及副軸承對應(yīng)殼體位置,并對其進行了力與力矩平衡分析,得到不同位置振動產(chǎn)生的原因。并建立渦旋壓縮機振動測試系統(tǒng),獲取特殊位置振動信號并進行中值濾波處理,最大限度的排除信號間的干涉與干擾,利用時域中的均方根值和方差兩個特征值分析振動波動情況,得到動渦旋盤與十字滑環(huán)與殼體的連接位置產(chǎn)生的振動程度最大且波動最劇烈。隨后,本文首次提出振動貢獻值的概念,此值是利用層次分析法進行求得。在利用層次分析法過程中,提出一種符合渦旋壓縮機工況的判斷矩陣,即綜合信號功率譜和偏向干函數(shù)兩者建立,以減少計算誤差。最終得到特殊位置為渦旋壓縮機整體振動提供的貢獻比值,得到排氣口壁面處的振動對渦旋壓縮機整體振動產(chǎn)生的貢獻比值最大,即對整體振動影響最大,提出渦旋壓縮機軸向振動在減振研究中不可忽視。根據(jù)貢獻比值可以對渦旋壓縮機運轉(zhuǎn)工況進行實時監(jiān)測,當貢獻比值出現(xiàn)波動變化較大的情況時反應(yīng)出相應(yīng)的位置可能出現(xiàn)故障,并根據(jù)特殊位置的力及力矩分析情況判斷出可能產(chǎn)生故障的較大因素,該方法可以作為渦旋壓縮機故障診斷的理論依據(jù)�；诒疚奶岢龅恼子嬎憷碚�,采用MATLAB軟件進行編程,并且把此程序利用到本次實驗系統(tǒng)中進行應(yīng)用。在實驗過程中,該程序可以直接顯示出不同測試位置的振動時域信號及特征值變化,以及不同位置信號之間的功率譜、相干函數(shù)以及偏相干函數(shù)等圖譜,最重要的功能是可以直接顯示出不同位置為渦旋壓縮機振動提供的貢獻比值,達到對渦旋壓縮機運作過程中實時監(jiān)測的目的。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of scroll compressor, its attention is more and more high. The smooth operation of scroll compressor is directly related to its performance, and the vibration signal is the language of its working performance. In order to obtain the target parameters, it is necessary to analyze the vibration signal of the scroll compressor by using the corresponding method. Because of the unique structure of the scroll compressor, the vibration of the shell is complicated. However, in the literature about the vibration signal of the scroll compressor, there is a lack of systematic research on the particularity of the vibration position of the shell surface of the compressor. In addition, due to the short research time of the scroll compressor, it is impossible to judge the performance change in the running process because of the lack of real-time monitoring method. Based on the special structure of the scroll compressor, four special vibration positions are put forward, namely, the wall of the exhaust port, the position of the moving scroll disk and the cross slide ring, the position of the main bearing of the crankshaft and the corresponding shell position of the secondary bearing. The force and torque balance are analyzed and the causes of vibration at different positions are obtained. The vibration test system of scroll compressor is established to obtain vibration signal of special position and process median filter to eliminate interference and interference of signal as much as possible. Two eigenvalues of root mean square and variance in time domain are used to analyze the vibration fluctuation. It is obtained that the vibration caused by the connection position between the moving scroll disk and the cross slide ring and the shell is the largest and the most violent. Subsequently, the concept of vibration contribution value is proposed for the first time, which is obtained by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In the process of using analytic hierarchy process, a judgment matrix which accords with the working condition of scroll compressor is put forward, that is, the comprehensive signal power spectrum and the deviation dry function are established to reduce the calculation error. Finally, the contribution ratio of the special position for the whole vibration of the scroll compressor is obtained, and the contribution ratio of the vibration at the exhaust port wall to the whole vibration of the scroll compressor is obtained, that is, the effect on the whole vibration is the greatest. The axial vibration of scroll compressor can not be ignored in the study of vibration reduction. According to the contribution ratio, the working condition of scroll compressor can be monitored in real time. When the contribution ratio fluctuates greatly, the corresponding position may be malfunction. According to the analysis of the force and torque of special position, the large factors which may produce the fault are judged. This method can be used as the theoretical basis for the fault diagnosis of the scroll compressor. Based on the whole calculation theory presented in this paper, MATLAB software is used to program, and the program is applied to this experiment system. In the process of experiment, the program can directly display the vibration time domain signals and eigenvalues of different test positions, as well as the spectrum of power spectrum, coherence function and partial coherence function between different position signals. The most important function is to directly display the contribution ratio of different positions to the vibration of the scroll compressor, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring the scroll compressor during its operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH45

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