本文選題：靜壓絲杠螺母 + 滑閥節(jié)流器��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：絲杠螺母是數(shù)控機(jī)床等關(guān)鍵裝備的基礎(chǔ)功能部件,所以對(duì)于其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與性能分析一直都是眾多學(xué)者研究的重點(diǎn)。但是,之前主流研究都是集中在滾珠絲杠螺母,近年來,數(shù)控機(jī)床高速重載化、高精度化、高可靠性等特點(diǎn)成為新的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),與此同時(shí),液體靜壓絲杠以其非接觸傳動(dòng)、高承載力、高抗振性和高精度等優(yōu)點(diǎn)引起了很多學(xué)者的重視。同樣作為將伺服電機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換為直線運(yùn)動(dòng)傳動(dòng)部件,液體靜壓絲杠螺母克服了滾珠絲杠剛度不足、低速時(shí)有顯著滑動(dòng)、重復(fù)精度差的缺點(diǎn),又不像直線電機(jī)具有控制系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜、自鎖能力差的缺點(diǎn)。但是,靜壓絲杠螺母?jìng)鲃?dòng)也不是十全十美之選。靜壓絲杠螺母也有其缺點(diǎn):為了蓄油保壓,靜壓油腔是開在螺母內(nèi)螺紋面上,這使得加工制造難度極高,加工精度難以保證;同時(shí)在絲杠螺母螺紋加工過程中,不可避免的存在著螺距誤差、牙型角誤差、齒寬誤差等加工誤差,這些加工誤差的存在,都會(huì)影響到液體靜壓絲杠螺母的承載能力、剛度、阻尼等性能。本文綜合考慮到重載靜壓絲杠的承載能力及剛度等靜態(tài)性能的要求,設(shè)計(jì)了配套的可變節(jié)流器中的滑閥節(jié)流器,并討論分析了重要螺母參數(shù)以及螺距誤差對(duì)于靜壓絲杠螺母靜態(tài)承載性能的影響。首先,設(shè)計(jì)符合要求的絲杠螺母結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)以及滑閥節(jié)流器的參數(shù),數(shù)據(jù)分析相比于固定節(jié)流器中的毛細(xì)管節(jié)流器的優(yōu)勢(shì)所在,探究不同油腔占比,牙型半角,螺距以及油膜間隙這幾個(gè)重要螺母參數(shù)對(duì)于承載性能的影響。其次,分析研究了螺母螺距誤差對(duì)于靜壓靜態(tài)承載特性的影響。分類討論了螺距誤差類型,建立了螺距誤差下螺旋面間配合間隙即油膜厚度的模型。根據(jù)靜壓承載原理建立了供油壓力、節(jié)流器節(jié)流壓力、靜壓油腔壓力和油腔封油面節(jié)流壓力的平衡方程及流量連續(xù)方程,并由此研究靜壓承載性能。最后,研究螺母螺距誤差所引起的動(dòng)壓效應(yīng)對(duì)于承載特性的影響。建立了封油面上描述壓力分布的雷諾方程,采用有限差分法,超松弛迭代法離散求解雷諾方程,聯(lián)立靜壓油腔壓力方程和流量連續(xù)性方程,結(jié)合螺距誤差下油膜厚度模型,求解靜壓油腔壓力和封油面上的動(dòng)壓分布,并比較對(duì)承載能力的影響。本文對(duì)于重要螺母參數(shù)對(duì)于承載性能的影響,以及螺母螺距誤差對(duì)承載性能的影響,做出了具有參考意義的總結(jié)分析,希望對(duì)于液體靜壓絲杠螺母?jìng)鲃?dòng)件的推廣使用有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The screw nut is the basic functional part of the key equipment such as numerical control machine tools, so the structural design and performance analysis of the screw nut has been the focus of many scholars. In recent years, the characteristics of high speed and heavy load, high precision and high reliability of CNC machine tools have become a new trend of development. At the same time, hydrostatic screw with its non-contact drive, Many scholars pay attention to the advantages of high bearing capacity, high vibration resistance and high precision. In the same way, the hydrostatic screw nut overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient stiffness of ball screw, significant sliding at low speed and poor repetition accuracy. Unlike linear motor, it has the disadvantages of complex control system and poor self-locking capability. However, the hydrostatic screw nut drive is not a perfect choice. The hydrostatic screw nut also has its disadvantages: in order to store oil and keep pressure, the hydrostatic oil chamber is opened on the inner thread surface of the nut, which makes the machining and manufacturing extremely difficult and the machining precision difficult to guarantee; at the same time, in the process of processing the screw nut thread, There are inevitable machining errors such as pitch error tooth angle error tooth width error and so on. The existence of these errors will affect the bearing capacity stiffness damping and other properties of the hydrostatic screw nut. In this paper, the sliding valve throttle in variable throttle is designed considering the requirements of static performance such as bearing capacity and stiffness of heavy load static screw. The influence of important nut parameters and pitch error on static bearing performance of static screw nut is discussed and analyzed. First of all, the structure parameters of the screw nut and the parameters of the slide valve throttle are designed to meet the requirements. The data analysis is compared with the advantages of the capillary throttle in the fixed throttle. The influence of several important nut parameters such as pitch and oil film clearance on bearing performance. Secondly, the influence of nut pitch error on static bearing characteristics of static pressure is analyzed. The type of pitch error is discussed, and the model of oil film thickness between helical surfaces under pitch error is established. According to the principle of static pressure loading, the equilibrium equations and flow continuity equations of oil supply pressure, throttle throttling pressure, static pressure oil chamber pressure and throttling pressure on oil seal surface are established, and the static pressure bearing capacity is studied. Finally, the effect of the dynamic pressure effect caused by the nut pitch error on the bearing characteristics is studied. The Reynolds equation describing the pressure distribution on the sealing surface is established. The Reynolds equation is discretized by the finite difference method and the overrelaxation iterative method, the pressure equation of the vertical hydrostatic oil chamber and the flow continuity equation are discretely solved, and the oil film thickness model under the screw pitch error is combined. The hydrostatic chamber pressure and the dynamic pressure distribution on the sealing surface are solved, and the influence on the bearing capacity is compared. In this paper, the influence of important nut parameters on bearing performance and the effect of nut pitch error on bearing performance are summarized and analyzed. It is hoped that it can be used as a reference for the application of hydrostatic screw nut drive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH132

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