本文選題：U型節(jié)流閥 + 數(shù)值計(jì)算　； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：液壓U型節(jié)流閥是液壓系統(tǒng)中重要的控制元件,也是易產(chǎn)生能耗的主要元件,其控制性能直接影響著整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的控制精度。由于閥口的節(jié)流作用產(chǎn)生的粘性加熱效應(yīng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致閥芯與閥體受熱膨脹造成閥芯卡緊、卡死等現(xiàn)象,本文采用了理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究相結(jié)合的方法,分別對(duì)不同閥口開度、不同背壓和不同槽口深度情況下閥內(nèi)油液流場(chǎng)流動(dòng)特性與閥芯閥體受熱變形結(jié)果進(jìn)行了深入研究。(1)分析了油液溫升的主要原因,討論了節(jié)流閥內(nèi)部熱傳導(dǎo)方式及固體熱膨脹機(jī)理�；诹黧w力學(xué)、熱力學(xué)與材料力學(xué)基本定律,建立了流場(chǎng)與熱分析的理論模型。(2)針對(duì)節(jié)流閥流場(chǎng)特性及粘性加熱導(dǎo)致的溫升現(xiàn)象,采用CFD技術(shù)建立了節(jié)流閥的流場(chǎng)仿真模型,研究得出了不同閥口開度、不同出口壓力以及不同節(jié)流槽口深度時(shí)流體域壓力場(chǎng)、速度場(chǎng)、油液溫度場(chǎng)的分布情況,并通過(guò)理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比分析了閥口油液流量特性和流場(chǎng)特性。研究結(jié)果表明:節(jié)流槽是壓降的主要區(qū)域,節(jié)流口出口處形成了高速射流。節(jié)流槽口與高速射流沖擊的閥體壁面處是高溫區(qū)域。仿真得到的閥口流量與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致,高速射流產(chǎn)生區(qū)域與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合良好。(3)建立了U型節(jié)流閥三維穩(wěn)態(tài)熱分析模型與結(jié)構(gòu)分析數(shù)值模型。對(duì)閥芯與閥體進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的熱傳導(dǎo)分析,得出閥芯、閥體的溫度分布情況,并討論了閥口開度、背壓值與槽口深度對(duì)閥芯閥體溫度分布的影響規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明:閥芯左端溫度高于右端,且局部高溫區(qū)域位于節(jié)流槽結(jié)構(gòu)輪廓線處;閥體高溫區(qū)主要存在于閥芯與閥體配合的通孔處和受高速油液沖擊的壁面處,閥體上下兩方溫度分布不一致,下方高溫區(qū)域面積較大。對(duì)閥芯與閥體受熱引起的結(jié)構(gòu)變形進(jìn)行了分析,得到不同開度、不同背壓值和槽口深度時(shí)的閥芯與閥體熱變形趨勢(shì)。研究結(jié)果表明:閥芯整體受熱膨脹且閥芯左端形變量大于右側(cè),節(jié)流槽處為主要變形區(qū)域;槽口入口處壁面變形方向沿軸向方向,而槽口出口的半圓壁面則主要沿徑向方向膨脹;閥體變形區(qū)域主要為閥體與閥芯配合的通孔處,尤其是靠近節(jié)流口出口閥體壁面發(fā)生了徑向變形,閥體向內(nèi)側(cè)膨脹。本文對(duì)U型節(jié)流閥內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)及熱變形開展了研究,對(duì)液壓閥的設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用提供了一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic U-type throttle valve is an important control element in hydraulic system, and it is also the main component that can easily produce energy consumption. Its control performance directly affects the control accuracy of the whole system. The viscous heating effect caused by throttling of valve orifice will lead to the valve core and valve body being heated to expand and cause the valve core to be clamped and jammed. In this paper, the method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental study is adopted, which combines the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental research. The main reasons of oil temperature rise are analyzed in the condition of different opening degree of valve, different back pressure and different depth of groove. The internal heat conduction mode and solid thermal expansion mechanism of throttle valve are discussed. Based on the basic laws of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics and material mechanics, a theoretical model of flow field and thermal analysis is established. Aiming at the characteristics of throttle valve flow field and temperature rise caused by viscous heating, the flow field simulation model of throttle valve is established by CFD technology. The distribution of fluid pressure field, velocity field and oil temperature field in different orifice opening, outlet pressure and throttle depth are obtained. Through theoretical and experimental comparison, the flow characteristics and flow field characteristics of the valve are analyzed. The results show that the throttle is the main area of pressure drop and a high speed jet is formed at the outlet of throttle. The high temperature area between the throttled groove and the high-speed jet impingement valve body wall. The simulated valve flow rate is consistent with the experimental results, and the high speed jet generation region is in good agreement with the experimental results.) the three-dimensional steady-state thermal analysis model and the structural analysis numerical model of U-type throttle valve are established. The temperature distribution of the spool and valve body is obtained through the analysis of the corresponding heat conduction between the spool and the valve body, and the influence of valve opening, back pressure value and groove depth on the temperature distribution of the valve core body is discussed. The results show that the temperature at the left end of the valve core is higher than that at the right end, and the local high temperature area is located at the contour of the throttling groove structure, and the high temperature area of the valve body mainly exists in the through hole where the valve core works with the valve body and the wall affected by the high speed oil. The upper and lower sides of the valve body temperature distribution is not consistent, the area of the lower high temperature area is larger. The structural deformation caused by the heating of the spool and the valve body is analyzed, and the hot deformation tendency of the spool and valve body is obtained with different opening, different back pressure and groove depth. The results show that the core is heated and expanded, the left end of the valve core is larger than that of the right side, the main deformation area is at the throttle slot, and the deformation direction of the wall at the entrance of the groove is along the axial direction. The semicircular wall at the outlet of the groove expands mainly along the radial direction, and the deformation area of the valve body is mainly located at the hole where the valve body fits with the valve core, especially the wall surface near the outlet of the throttle outlet has radial deformation, and the valve body expands to the inside. In this paper, the internal flow field and thermal deformation of U-type throttle valve are studied, which provides a certain reference value for the design and application of hydraulic valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH137.522

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