發(fā)布時間：2018-04-30 16:11

  本文選題：工程變更 + 本體��； 參考：《山東大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：制造企業(yè)在產(chǎn)品設計和制造過程中,不可避免地出現(xiàn)大量工程變更。多數(shù)企業(yè)對已完成的變更沒有很好地利用,對變更的影響分析大都依靠人的經(jīng)驗完成,處理效率較低,分析結果不全面,致使變更決策失誤或后續(xù)變更執(zhí)行不到位。本文創(chuàng)建了工程變更案例知識的本體,提出了相似變更案例的檢索策略和算法,從變更影響范圍和影響程度綜合分析變更影響,提出了基于產(chǎn)品結構關聯(lián)、功能關聯(lián)和外部因素關聯(lián)的變更影響范圍分析方法,構建了基于成本、時間、效益和風險的變更影響程度評價體系。本文的研究成果必將為提升企業(yè)變更分析的能力和效率,增強企業(yè)市場競爭力起到積極的理論指導和應用推動作用。提出了利用本體實現(xiàn)變更案例表示的方法,結合變更案例知識特點,將其抽象為變更對象、變更流程、變更數(shù)據(jù)和變更組織四類基本概念,建立了概念體系,定義了概念屬性和概念間關聯(lián)關系。實現(xiàn)了變更案例的統(tǒng)一表示,滿足了變更管理者對案例重用的基本要求,為案例檢索和影響分析奠定了基礎。提出了變更案例的檢索策略,建立了基于本體的語義相似度改進計算模型。通過案例標引,將檢索轉變?yōu)闄z索需求與變更案例標引的匹配,提高了檢索效率。在對檢索需求進行概念擴展和約束關系定義后,選擇向量空間模型作為檢索模型,在計算概念的屬性相似度基礎上結合概念自身的相似度獲得變更案例與檢索需求的綜合相似度值,保證最大程度上把握用戶檢索需求,更快速準確地提供相似變更案例,提高用戶分析變更的效率和質量。提出了基于本體的工程變更影響范圍分析方法和實現(xiàn)策略。在研究變更傳播機制的基礎上,分別從產(chǎn)品零部件間的結構關聯(lián)、功能關聯(lián)和其他外部因素三方面分析變更影響范圍,基于本體的圖模型搜索算法,確定變更影響到的產(chǎn)品/零部件對象、圖文檔等數(shù)據(jù)、相關責任人及過程/活動,為進一步進行變更影響程度分析、變更決策及保證變更實施的全面性和一致性奠定基礎。創(chuàng)建了工程變更影響程度評價體系。構建了變更成本、變更時間、變更效益和變更風險的評價指標體系,提出了指標值的獲取方式和計算方法以及變更影響程度的綜合評價原則。變更管理者可針對不同類型的變更活動篩選細化評價指標,從所關注的角度對變更實施進行評價,實現(xiàn)變更實施的事前預測,為變更決策提供依據(jù)。在上述理論和方法研究的基礎上,設計實現(xiàn)了工程變更影響分析系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)基于PLM系統(tǒng)設計開發(fā),實現(xiàn)了變更案例、設計知識和相關領域知識的檢索,基于本體的變更影響范圍分析,基于成本、時間、效益、風險的變更影響程度分析,并以汽車的零部件變更為例進行了應用驗證。
[Abstract]:In the process of product design and manufacturing, a large number of engineering changes inevitably occur in manufacturing enterprises. Most enterprises do not make good use of the completed changes, the impact analysis of the changes mostly depends on the human experience, the processing efficiency is low, the analysis results are not comprehensive, resulting in the error of the change decision-making or the implementation of the subsequent changes is not in place. In this paper, the ontology of engineering change case knowledge is established, and the retrieval strategy and algorithm of similar change case are put forward. Based on the analysis of the scope of influence of change based on the correlation of function and external factors, the evaluation system of change influence degree based on cost, time, benefit and risk is constructed. The research results of this paper will play a positive role in theory guidance and application for improving the ability and efficiency of enterprise change analysis and enhancing the market competitiveness of enterprises. In this paper, a method of realizing change case representation by ontology is put forward. According to the characteristics of change case knowledge, it is abstracted into four basic concepts: change object, change process, change data and change organization. The relationship between conceptual attributes and concepts is defined. It realizes the unified representation of change cases, meets the basic requirements of case reuse by change managers, and lays a foundation for case retrieval and impact analysis. The retrieval strategy of change case is proposed, and the improved semantic similarity calculation model based on ontology is established. Through the case indexing, the retrieval is transformed into the matching between the retrieval requirement and the change case indexing, and the retrieval efficiency is improved. After extending the concept and defining the constraint relation, the vector space model is selected as the retrieval model. On the basis of calculating the attribute similarity of the concept, combining the similarity of the concept itself to obtain the comprehensive similarity value between the change case and the retrieval requirement, it ensures that the user's retrieval needs are grasped to the greatest extent, and provides the similar change case more quickly and accurately. Improve the efficiency and quality of user analysis of changes. The analysis method and implementation strategy of the influence range of engineering change based on ontology are put forward. On the basis of studying the mechanism of change propagation, this paper analyzes the scope of influence of change from three aspects: structural association, functional association and other external factors, and the graph model search algorithm based on ontology. To determine the product / parts objects, drawings and documents, related responsible persons and process / activities, which will lay the foundation for further analysis of change impact degree, change decision and ensure the comprehensiveness and consistency of change implementation. The evaluation system of influence degree of engineering change is established. The evaluation index system of change cost, change time, change benefit and change risk is constructed, and the method of obtaining index value and calculating method and the comprehensive evaluation principle of change influence degree are put forward. The change manager can screen and refine the evaluation index according to different types of change activities, evaluate the change implementation from the point of view of concern, realize the prior prediction of the change implementation, and provide the basis for the change decision. On the basis of the above theory and method research, the project change impact analysis system is designed and implemented. The system is designed and developed on the basis of PLM system. It realizes the retrieval of change case, design knowledge and related domain knowledge, the analysis of change influence range based on ontology, the analysis of change influence degree based on cost, time, benefit and risk. The application verification of automobile parts change is carried out.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH186

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 朱禮軍,陶蘭,劉慧;領域本體中的概念相似度計算[J];華南理工大學學報(自然科學版);2004年S1期

2 武成崗,焦文品,田啟家,史忠植;基于本體論和多主體的信息檢索服務器[J];計算機研究與發(fā)展;2001年06期

3 劉東升,王建民,孫家廣;工程更改管理的設計與實現(xiàn)[J];計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)-CIMS;2001年07期

4 姜洋;金天國;劉文劍;徐杰;;基于本體的復雜產(chǎn)品設計知識優(yōu)化集成[J];計算機集成制造系統(tǒng);2010年09期

5 張科杰,袁國華,彭穎紅;知識表示及其在機械工程設計中的應用探討[J];機械設計;2004年06期

6 許多;嚴洪森;;并行產(chǎn)品開發(fā)過程的時間模型及其優(yōu)化方法[J];機械工程學報;2006年01期

7 唐敦兵;徐榮華;唐吉成;何睿;;基于設計結構矩陣的工程變更影響分析[J];機械工程學報;2010年01期

8 李宗瓊;;淺析施工企業(yè)風險的定義、種類及形成原因[J];科學時代;2009年01期

9 宋峻峰,張維明,肖衛(wèi)東,唐九陽;基于本體的信息檢索模型研究[J];南京大學學報(自然科學版);2005年02期

10 何焱;馬軍;白衛(wèi)星;謝歡;;基于本體語義的復雜產(chǎn)品可重構制造服務協(xié)同建模研究[J];制造業(yè)自動化;2013年15期

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 陳銘;航空事故案例庫設計及檢索方法研究[D];南京航空航天大學;2009年

2 陳久鑫;基于本體的建筑結構設計案例表示與檢索研究[D];大連理工大學;2013年

，

本文編號：1825241