本文選題：熱變形 + 非相似性特征　； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著測量精度和機械精度的提高,以及機械制造業(yè)對精度要求的急速增長,機械熱變形已經(jīng)成為影響機械精度的關(guān)鍵因素。國內(nèi)外對于機械熱變形的重視程度不斷提高。研究機械熱變形不僅在理論基礎(chǔ)上,而且在應(yīng)用技術(shù)上都具有深刻的意義,具有重要的科研與工程應(yīng)用價值。本文在國家自然科學基金項目“機械復(fù)雜形體熱魯棒性基礎(chǔ)理論研究”(項目編號：51175142)和國家自然科學基金重大項目“功能形面結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的耦合建模與影響機理研究”(項目編號：51490660/51490661)的支持下,以機械零件中最為基礎(chǔ)且常見的孔軸零件作為研究對象,針對其熱變形進行了系統(tǒng)深入的研究。本文主要內(nèi)容包括：從宏觀和微觀層面分別論證了機械形體熱變形非相似性特征的客觀存在性。機械形體熱變形非相似性研究長期局限于宏觀試驗驗證,而缺乏微觀層面的機理論證。論文采用了分子靜力學理論與算法,對鋁材料圓環(huán)原子模型徑向熱變形進行演化計算,論證了穩(wěn)定均勻溫度場中機械形體熱變形非相似性特征的客觀存在性和形成機理,完善了機械形體熱變形理論基礎(chǔ)。在宏觀試驗中,在基于原有實驗研究成果和經(jīng)驗基礎(chǔ)之上,對于處于均勻穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度場中的機械孔、軸類零件的徑向熱變形測量設(shè)計了專用夾具,該夾具可滿足不同尺寸的零件測量,大幅縮短了因不同尺寸零件而需重新加工設(shè)計夾具的時間,提高了實驗效率�；谧罴褵崤浜侠碚摵蜋C械熱魯棒性結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,從溫度變化下的機械孔、軸零件間隙變化,提出了機械孔軸零件功能性尺寸,并給予了工程應(yīng)用。充分考慮工況溫度和受力載荷對機械孔軸配合的影響,在設(shè)計機械孔軸零件最初便對零件尺寸和公差進行相應(yīng)補償,以確保工況下機械設(shè)備達到設(shè)計精度和最佳工作性能。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of measurement accuracy and mechanical precision, and the rapid growth of mechanical manufacturing precision requirements, mechanical thermal deformation has become the key factor to affect the mechanical accuracy. The degree of attention to mechanical thermal deformation is increasing at home and abroad. The study of mechanical thermal deformation is of great significance not only in theory but also in application technology and has important scientific research and engineering application value. In this paper, the coupling modeling and influencing mechanism of the structure and performance of the functional surface of the National Natural Science Foundation project "basic theory of thermal robustness of mechanical complex bodies" (project number: 51175142) and the major project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) are presented. Supported by Research (Project No.: 51490660 / 51490661), Taking the most basic and common hole shaft parts of mechanical parts as the research object, the thermal deformation of mechanical parts is studied systematically and deeply. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the objective existence of dissimilarity characteristics of thermal deformation of mechanical body is demonstrated from macro and micro levels respectively. The research on thermal dissimilarity of mechanical body is limited to macroscopic test for a long time, but lack of mechanism demonstration at micro level. In this paper, molecular statics theory and algorithm are used to calculate the radial thermal deformation of aluminum ring atomic model, and the objective existence and formation mechanism of thermal deformation dissimilarity characteristics of mechanical body in stable and uniform temperature field are demonstrated. The theoretical basis of thermal deformation of mechanical body is perfected. In the macroscopic test, based on the original experimental results and experience, a special fixture is designed for measuring the radial thermal deformation of shaft parts with mechanical holes in a uniform steady temperature field. The fixture can meet the requirements of measuring parts of different sizes, which greatly reduces the time of remachining the fixture for different sizes and improves the efficiency of the experiment. Based on the theory of optimal thermal fit and the structural design of mechanical thermal robustness, the functional dimensions of mechanical hole shaft are proposed and applied in engineering from the change of mechanical hole and shaft clearance under temperature change. Considering the influence of working condition temperature and load on the matching of mechanical hole shaft, the dimension and tolerance of mechanical hole shaft are compensated at the beginning of the design to ensure the design precision and optimum working performance of mechanical equipment under working condition.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH161.4

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