本文選題：陶瓷球軸承 + 彈流潤滑��； 參考：《西南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速深溝混合陶瓷球軸承被廣泛用于我國國防軍工、航空航天機(jī)械裝置領(lǐng)域以及高速精密數(shù)控加工等行業(yè)。在高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的分子泵中,支承軸承由于轉(zhuǎn)速高、尺寸小等特點(diǎn),容易出現(xiàn)各種潤滑不良的現(xiàn)象,隨著潤滑不良程度的加劇,導(dǎo)致軸承接觸區(qū)的磨損加劇和溫度急劇增加。隨之而來要解決的問題是如何針對軸承的潤滑狀態(tài)進(jìn)行有效的分析,才能較為準(zhǔn)確的模擬工況,設(shè)計(jì)出精確的潤滑方案以改善軸承的潤滑狀態(tài),提高軸承的工作穩(wěn)定性和壽命。本文針對該問題進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的深入研究,以高速深溝陶瓷球軸承(QC0011286)為研究對象,運(yùn)用了有關(guān)深溝球軸承的基本理論,建立了彈流潤滑下高速深溝陶瓷球軸承計(jì)算模型和方法,為高速深溝陶瓷球軸承潤滑改善具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。(1)根據(jù)軸承具體尺寸參數(shù),運(yùn)用Siemens NX建立軸承三維模型,在赫茲接觸理論的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了高速深溝陶瓷球軸承接觸靜力學(xué)理論模型,分析了軸承高速深溝陶瓷球運(yùn)動過程中各部件的運(yùn)動關(guān)系,獲得了軸承接觸區(qū)壓力初步判定的計(jì)算方法。(2)運(yùn)用經(jīng)過鏡面拋光后的陶瓷球(Si_3N_4)和軸承鋼(GCr15)片在多功能摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)上進(jìn)行摩擦測試,測得摩擦系數(shù)后與摩擦系數(shù)典型值進(jìn)行對比,得出軸承壓力區(qū)潤滑狀態(tài)進(jìn)行初步判定。(3)通過運(yùn)用彈流潤滑理論建立了高速深溝陶瓷球軸承潤滑計(jì)算模型,并利用雷諾方程對軸承接觸區(qū)的壓力與油膜厚度進(jìn)行量綱一化并通過FORTRAN語言在VISUAL STUDIO環(huán)境中進(jìn)行迭代求解。通過量綱還原得到接觸區(qū)壓力與膜厚矩陣,將矩陣導(dǎo)入到matlab中進(jìn)行處理,得到接觸區(qū)壓力與膜厚的云圖。(4)通過仿真的結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)公式的對比,結(jié)果相差在很小的范圍內(nèi),驗(yàn)證了本文計(jì)算模型及方法的精確性和有效性。在高速重載和低速輕載的工況下,對不同黏度的潤滑油,軸承不同的速度以及載荷情況進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,得出軸承接觸區(qū)壓力、膜厚分別與潤滑油黏度、軸承速度、載荷之間的關(guān)系;對溝曲率半徑系數(shù)對軸承潤滑狀態(tài)的影響也進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算,得出此軸承的最佳內(nèi)、外溝曲率半徑系數(shù)的取值;通過總結(jié)多種潤滑油對軸承潤滑狀態(tài)的影響,得出軸承在高速下最佳潤滑黏度取值范圍。綜上所述,本文通過靜力學(xué)理論深入研究了高速深溝球軸承靜態(tài)下載荷的分布并運(yùn)用摩擦學(xué)、流體力學(xué)、彈性力學(xué)等理論研究了內(nèi)、外溝道曲率半徑系數(shù)對接觸區(qū)壓力和潤滑膜厚的影響,以及潤滑油黏度、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)速度、載荷對接觸區(qū)壓力和膜厚的影響,通過認(rèn)識和探索軸承在高速輕載運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的情況下,陶瓷球軸承的潤滑特性;并得出軸承在高速下最佳潤滑黏度范圍,對深溝陶瓷球軸承的設(shè)計(jì)和潤滑狀態(tài)的優(yōu)化提供了實(shí)際的工程價值。
[Abstract]:High speed deep groove hybrid ceramic ball bearings are widely used in the fields of national defense, aerospace machinery and high speed precision NC machining.In the high speed molecular pump, the bearing is prone to various kinds of poor lubrication due to the characteristics of high speed and small size. With the worsening of poor lubrication, the wear and temperature of the contact area of the bearing increase sharply.Then the problem to be solved is how to effectively analyze the lubrication state of the bearing so as to simulate the working conditions more accurately and design an accurate lubrication scheme to improve the lubrication state of the bearing and improve the working stability and service life of the bearing.This paper has carried on the related thorough research to this question, regarding the high-speed deep groove ceramic ball bearing (QC0011286) as the research object, has applied the basic theory about the deep groove ball bearing, has established the high speed deep groove ceramic ball bearing calculation model and the method under the elastohydrodynamic lubrication.It has certain guiding significance for improving lubrication of high speed deep groove ceramic ball bearing. According to the specific dimension parameters of bearing, Siemens NX is used to establish the three dimensional model of bearing, and on the basis of Hertz contact theory,The contact statics model of high speed deep groove ceramic ball bearing is established, and the kinematic relationship of each component during the high speed deep groove ceramic ball movement is analyzed.The method of calculating the pressure of bearing contact area is obtained. (2) the friction test is carried out on a multifunctional friction and wear testing machine using the ceramic ball Si3N4) and the bearing steel GCr15) sheet, which have been polished by the mirror, and the bearing steel GCr15) sheet is used to test the friction and wear of the bearing on the multifunctional friction and wear test machine.After the friction coefficient is measured and compared with the typical value of friction coefficient, it is concluded that the lubrication state of bearing pressure zone is preliminarily determined. (3) by using elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory, the lubrication calculation model of high speed deep groove ceramic ball bearing is established.The pressure and oil film thickness in the contact region of bearing are dimensionalized by Reynolds equation and solved iteratively in VISUAL STUDIO environment by FORTRAN language.The contact area pressure and film thickness matrix are obtained by dimensionality reduction, and the matrix is introduced into matlab for processing. The cloud figure of contact area pressure and film thickness is obtained. (4) by comparing the simulation results with the traditional formula, the difference between the results is in a very small range.The accuracy and validity of the model and method are verified.Under the condition of high speed, heavy load and low speed and light load, the lubrication oil with different viscosity, the different speed and load of bearing are simulated, and the contact area pressure, film thickness and viscosity of lubricating oil and bearing speed are obtained.The relationship between loads, the influence of groove radius coefficient on bearing lubrication state is also simulated, and the optimum value of inner and outer groove radius coefficient of bearing is obtained, and the influence of various lubricating oils on bearing lubrication state is summarized by summing up the influence of various kinds of lubricating oil on bearing lubrication state.The optimum range of lubricating viscosity of bearing at high speed is obtained.To sum up, the static loading distribution of high-speed deep groove ball bearings is studied in this paper by statics theory, and the internal load distribution is studied by tribology, hydrodynamics, elastic mechanics and so on.The influence of curvature radius coefficient of outer channel on contact pressure and lubrication film thickness, as well as the influence of lubricating oil viscosity, running speed and load on contact area pressure and film thickness, is explored through understanding and exploring the condition of bearing running at high speed and light load.The lubrication characteristics of ceramic ball bearings and the optimum range of lubricating viscosity of bearings at high speed provide practical engineering value for the design and lubrication state optimization of deep groove ceramic ball bearings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH133.3

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