本文選題：熔融沉積成型　切入點：成型精度　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：熔融沉積快速成型技術(shù)(FDM)是目前快速成型諸多工藝中應(yīng)用最為廣泛的一種。作為3D打印技術(shù)的一種,熔融沉積工藝采用噴頭將絲狀熱熔性材料熔化,然后通過材料沉積制造物體。采用FDM技術(shù)的3D打印機具有機械機構(gòu)簡單、設(shè)備操作容易、材料成本低等優(yōu)點,目前在市場上取得了較為廣泛的應(yīng)用。但是,現(xiàn)有的FDM3D打印機成型精度普遍較低,如何提高熔融沉積成型的成型精度是目前快速成型的一個重要研究方向。本文首先分別從前期數(shù)據(jù)處理、成型加工過程以及后處理過程三個方面介紹了影響成型精度的各種因素,分析了各因素帶來的誤差及相應(yīng)的解決對策,為后續(xù)FDM工藝成型精度的研究提供了理論指導(dǎo)�？焖俪尚图夹g(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)處理直接影響成型件的表面質(zhì)量、成型精度和成型效率。為了提高成型件的成型精度和降低表面粗糙度,本文分別對FDM工藝的分層切片處理技術(shù)和支撐添加技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究。首先,介紹了一種適應(yīng)性分層方法,根據(jù)模型輪廓參考曲線上的曲率變化情況確定分層厚度。該方法有效減小了臺階效應(yīng)帶來的誤差,在保證成型精度的前提下極大地減小了成型時間。然后,討論了支撐的添加規(guī)則,通過正交試驗對FDM工藝中支撐添加技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,在保證成型精度的前提下,得到了使支撐易于去除的最佳工藝參數(shù)。并通過試驗確定了零件懸空部分不加支撐即可成形的極限尺寸,具有重要的實際參考價值。噴頭結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計直接影響成型件的質(zhì)量,穩(wěn)定足夠的摩擦驅(qū)動力是提高成形質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵。本文首先通過理論計算推導(dǎo)出摩擦驅(qū)動力的計算公式,分析了摩擦驅(qū)動力的影響因素,確定通過改善機械機構(gòu)的方法來提高摩擦驅(qū)動力。然后設(shè)計了一種遠(yuǎn)端送絲機構(gòu),增加了減速裝置,驅(qū)動力更加穩(wěn)定。最后,運用有限元軟件ANSYS進(jìn)行熱分析,通過分析噴頭的溫度場和應(yīng)力場,研究了噴頭的熱量分布,為噴頭的溫度控制和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Melt deposition Rapid Prototyping (FDM) is one of the most widely used rapid prototyping processes. As a 3D printing technology, the melt deposition process uses spray head to melt the filamentous hot melt material. The 3D printer using FDM technology has the advantages of simple mechanical mechanism, easy operation and low material cost, so it has been widely used in the market. The existing FDM3D printer has low molding accuracy. How to improve the forming accuracy of melt deposition molding is an important research direction of rapid prototyping at present. In this paper, three aspects of forming process and post processing process are introduced. The factors that affect the forming accuracy are introduced, and the error caused by each factor and the corresponding solutions are analyzed. The data processing of rapid prototyping technology directly affects the surface quality, forming accuracy and forming efficiency of the molded parts, in order to improve the forming accuracy and reduce the surface roughness of the molded parts. In this paper, the layered slicing technology and support adding technology of FDM process are studied respectively. Firstly, an adaptive layering method is introduced. The delamination thickness is determined according to the curvature change on the model contour reference curve. This method effectively reduces the error caused by the step effect and greatly reduces the forming time under the premise of ensuring the forming accuracy. In this paper, the rule of adding support is discussed, and the technology of adding support in FDM process is studied by orthogonal test. Under the premise of guaranteeing the forming precision, The optimum process parameters for easy removal of support are obtained, and the limit size of the suspended part can be formed without bracing is determined by experiments, which has important practical reference value. The design of nozzle structure directly affects the quality of forming parts. Stable enough friction driving force is the key to improve forming quality. In this paper, the formula of friction driving force is deduced through theoretical calculation, and the influencing factors of friction driving force are analyzed. It is determined that the friction driving force can be increased by improving the mechanical mechanism. Then a remote wire feeding mechanism is designed to increase the deceleration device and the driving force is more stable. Finally, the thermal analysis is carried out by using the finite element software ANSYS. By analyzing the temperature field and stress field of the nozzle, the heat distribution of the nozzle is studied, which provides a reference for the temperature control and structural optimization design of the nozzle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH16

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