發(fā)布時間：2018-03-03 21:46

  本文選題：水壓試驗(yàn)臺　切入點(diǎn)：PLC　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：壓力容器是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人民生活中常用的一類零部件,在工作時其內(nèi)部充滿具有一定壓力的工作介質(zhì)。當(dāng)壓力容器發(fā)生泄漏或破壞時,會對工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)造成極大的危害,所以壓力容器在出廠前要進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的壓力測試。目前國內(nèi)的液壓試驗(yàn)臺大多以液壓油為測試介質(zhì),液壓油本身具有易燃易爆、污染環(huán)境等缺點(diǎn),液壓試驗(yàn)臺也存在勞動強(qiáng)度大、測試精度差、測試效率低等缺點(diǎn)。因此,對水壓試驗(yàn)臺控制系統(tǒng)的研究與開發(fā),具有重要的實(shí)際應(yīng)用意義。 根據(jù)試驗(yàn)臺的控制要求和實(shí)際調(diào)試經(jīng)驗(yàn),設(shè)計(jì)了試驗(yàn)臺的壓力控制方案,采用伺服電機(jī)推動壓力控制閥的閥芯來控制壓力的方案。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)臺的組成及工作原理,設(shè)計(jì)了控制系統(tǒng)的總體方案,采用以工控機(jī)為上位機(jī),S7-300PLC為下位機(jī)主站、S7-200PLC為下位機(jī)從站的控制方案。 完成了試驗(yàn)臺控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)臺的控制方案,設(shè)計(jì)了控制系統(tǒng)的硬件結(jié)構(gòu),對工控機(jī)、PLC、交流伺服系統(tǒng)、傳感器等硬件進(jìn)行選型。根據(jù)所選硬件和控制對象設(shè)計(jì)制作了試驗(yàn)臺的電氣系統(tǒng),包括控制系統(tǒng)的PLC外圍電路設(shè)計(jì)、主電路設(shè)計(jì)、交流伺服系統(tǒng)電路設(shè)計(jì)。 完成了試驗(yàn)臺控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。采用C#編程語言,設(shè)計(jì)了上位機(jī)控制軟件,通過工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)建立上位機(jī)和S7-300PLC之間的S7連接,通過OPC通信實(shí)現(xiàn)了S7-300PLC和上位機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)交換。采用STEP7編程軟件,設(shè)計(jì)了S7-300和S7-200PLC程序,通過MPI通信程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)了S7-300和S7-200之間的數(shù)據(jù)交換。通過S7-200PLC控制伺服電機(jī)定位精確控制系統(tǒng)壓力,實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)壓力的閉環(huán)控制。 在完成試驗(yàn)臺控制系統(tǒng)調(diào)試之后,在水壓試驗(yàn)臺上對測試樣件進(jìn)行了相關(guān)試驗(yàn),并分析了試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,試驗(yàn)臺控制系統(tǒng)滿足控制要求,提高了試驗(yàn)臺的控制精度和試驗(yàn)效率。
[Abstract]:Pressure vessel is a kind of parts and components commonly used in industrial production and people's daily life. It is filled with working medium with certain pressure when the pressure vessel is leaking or broken. It will do great harm to industrial production and people's life and property. Therefore, pressure vessels should be subjected to strict pressure tests before they leave the factory. At present, most of the domestic hydraulic test stands take hydraulic oil as the test medium, and the hydraulic oil itself is flammable and explosive. The hydraulic test bench has many disadvantages, such as high labor intensity, poor testing precision and low testing efficiency, etc. Therefore, the research and development of the control system of the hydraulic test bed has important practical application significance. According to the control requirements and practical debugging experience of the test bed, the pressure control scheme of the test bed is designed. The valve core of the pressure control valve driven by the servo motor is used to control the pressure. According to the composition and working principle of the test bed, The overall scheme of the control system is designed and the control scheme is adopted in which the industrial control computer is used as the upper computer and the S7-300 PLC as the master station of the lower machine and the S7-200 PLC as the slave station of the lower machine. The hardware design of the control system is completed. According to the control scheme of the test bed, the hardware structure of the control system is designed. According to the selected hardware and control object, the electrical system of the test bench is designed, including the PLC peripheral circuit design of the control system, the main circuit design, the AC servo system circuit design. The software design of the control system of the test bed is completed. The control software of the upper computer is designed by using C # programming language, and the S7 connection between the upper computer and S7-300 PLC is established by industrial Ethernet. The data exchange between S7-300 PLC and upper computer is realized by OPC communication, the S7-300 and S7-200 PLC programs are designed by STEP7 programming software, the data exchange between S7-300 and S7-200 is realized by MPI communication program, and the pressure of servo motor positioning and precise control system is controlled by S7-200 PLC. The closed loop control of system pressure is realized. After the test rig control system is debugged, the test samples are tested on the hydraulic test bench, and the test data are analyzed. The test results show that the test bed control system meets the control requirements. The control precision and test efficiency are improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH49;TP273

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