本文關(guān)鍵詞： 管道清洗 正交試驗(yàn)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化 流場(chǎng)數(shù)值仿真 空化射流　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展,管道結(jié)垢現(xiàn)象一直是影響管道輸送能力、使用周期的一個(gè)重大問(wèn)題,迫切需要研究一種能適宜復(fù)雜管路系統(tǒng)的清洗方式。本文以單、雙折彎葉片式空化射流清洗器為研究對(duì)象,采用理論分析、數(shù)值計(jì)算和試驗(yàn)研究相結(jié)合的方法研究空化清洗過(guò)程,分析清洗器的清洗機(jī)理、優(yōu)化清洗器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)及空化模型,通過(guò)試驗(yàn)檢測(cè)空化潰滅的強(qiáng)弱指導(dǎo)實(shí)際工程清洗作業(yè)。對(duì)單、雙折彎清洗器進(jìn)行了流場(chǎng)數(shù)值仿真及正交試驗(yàn)參數(shù)優(yōu)化。分析單折彎清洗器流場(chǎng)的速度、壓力及含氣量的流場(chǎng)特性分布,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)單折彎清洗器的葉片數(shù)對(duì)空化影響較大,其次是葉片厚度,葉片折彎角度影響較小;雙折彎清洗器的下折彎角對(duì)空化的影響較大,其次是上下葉片的高度比,葉片數(shù)影響較小。以清洗器的空化長(zhǎng)度為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)研究單、雙折彎清洗器清洗效果和清洗機(jī)理,正交試驗(yàn)參數(shù)影響結(jié)果和流場(chǎng)仿真結(jié)果一致。經(jīng)過(guò)優(yōu)化單、雙折彎清洗器的空化長(zhǎng)度分別提高了 163%、180%,雙折彎清洗器的空化長(zhǎng)度比單折彎清洗器提高了 67%。改進(jìn)了空化射流清洗試驗(yàn)裝置,通過(guò)高速相機(jī)法、亞甲基藍(lán)分光光度計(jì)法及應(yīng)力應(yīng)變法對(duì)空化強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。高速攝像機(jī)法捕捉到雙折彎清洗器具有更好的空化效果。雙折彎清洗器消耗的亞甲基藍(lán)比單折彎多14%,也間接驗(yàn)證了雙折彎空化清洗器具有更好的空化效果。應(yīng)力應(yīng)變測(cè)試結(jié)果表明在清洗器空化位置處應(yīng)變數(shù)值最大,證明在該位置附近產(chǎn)生空化并伴隨空泡的潰滅。入口壓力越大,空化現(xiàn)象越明顯,應(yīng)變值越高。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrialization, the phenomenon of pipe scaling has been a major problem affecting the pipeline transportation capacity and service cycle. It is urgent to study a cleaning method suitable for complex pipeline system. The double bent vane cavitation jet cleaner was used to study the cavitation cleaning process and the cleaning mechanism was analyzed by the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and experimental study. The structural parameters and cavitation model of the cleaner are optimized, and the strength of cavitation collapse is tested to guide the actual engineering cleaning operation. The flow field numerical simulation and orthogonal test parameter optimization of double bending cleaner are carried out. The velocity, pressure and flow field characteristic distribution of single bending cleaner are analyzed. It was found that the number of blades of the single bending cleaner had a greater effect on cavitation, followed by blade thickness and less influence on the bending angle of the blade. The lower bending angle of double bending cleaner has a great influence on cavitation, followed by the ratio of upper and lower blade height and the number of blades. The cleaning effect and cleaning mechanism of double bending cleaner are consistent with the results of flow field simulation. The cavitation length of double bending cleaner is increased by 163% and 180% respectively after the optimization of single and double bending cleaner. The cavitation length of double bending cleaner is 67 higher than that of single bending cleaner. The cavitation jet cleaning test device is improved by high speed camera method. The intensity of cavitation was tested by methylene blue spectrophotometer and stress-strain method. The double bending cleaning apparatus captured by high-speed camera method had better cavitation effect. The methylene blue consumed by double bending cleaner was more than that by single bending. 14%. The double bending cavitation cleaning apparatus has better cavitation effect. The results of stress-strain test show that the strain value is the largest at the cavitation position of the washer. It is proved that cavitation occurs near this position and accompanied by the collapse of cavitation. The higher the inlet pressure, the more obvious the cavitation phenomenon is, and the higher the strain value is.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH122

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