本文關(guān)鍵詞：盤式制動(dòng)尖叫噪聲及制動(dòng)片界面修飾降噪研究　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 盤式制動(dòng)器 尖叫噪聲 制動(dòng)壓力 接觸狀態(tài) 界面修飾 數(shù)值分析

【摘要】：近年來,盤式制動(dòng)器因其優(yōu)越的綜合性能而被廣泛應(yīng)用于交通運(yùn)輸、工業(yè)制造、風(fēng)電核電、礦場油田等諸多領(lǐng)域的制動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)。特別是隨著汽車、高鐵等現(xiàn)代交通工具的飛速發(fā)展,在其制動(dòng)過程中所產(chǎn)生的尖叫噪聲問題日益突出,加之人們對交通工具乘坐環(huán)境舒適性要求的不斷提升,制動(dòng)尖叫噪聲已成為車輛NVH(噪聲、振動(dòng)與聲振粗糙度)中的一個(gè)突出問題而備受關(guān)注。然而,由于其隨機(jī)性強(qiáng)、機(jī)理復(fù)雜和多學(xué)科交叉等特點(diǎn),制動(dòng)尖叫噪聲一直是工程界和學(xué)術(shù)界懸而未決的難題。因此,開展制動(dòng)尖叫噪聲產(chǎn)生機(jī)制和影響因素的研究工作,并基于此進(jìn)一步探索抑制制動(dòng)尖叫噪聲的有效方法顯得尤為迫切且意義重大。本研究基于自行研制的新型摩擦制動(dòng)噪聲試驗(yàn)平臺(tái),以銅基粉末冶金制動(dòng)片和鍛鋼制動(dòng)盤作為摩擦副,在不同制動(dòng)壓力和接觸狀態(tài)條件下進(jìn)行摩擦噪聲對比試驗(yàn)以研究其對尖叫噪聲特性、界面磨損特征和摩擦熱的影響。根據(jù)其結(jié)果分析進(jìn)一步探究抑制尖叫噪聲的有效方法,對制動(dòng)片開溝和倒角界面修飾后進(jìn)行對比試驗(yàn),并利用有限元軟件ABAQUS對試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬仿真分析,研究不同界面修飾對摩擦系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定性的影響,同時(shí)從動(dòng)力學(xué)角度分析倒角修飾后系統(tǒng)的不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng)特性,深入探討其抑制尖叫噪聲的作用機(jī)理。主要結(jié)論如下:1、隨著制動(dòng)壓力的增大,摩擦系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng)加劇,產(chǎn)生高強(qiáng)度尖叫噪聲的傾向增強(qiáng)。制動(dòng)壓力對尖叫噪聲的主頻影響不大,但是會(huì)影響主頻所具有的能量,且較大的制動(dòng)壓力會(huì)誘導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生多階諧波響應(yīng),尖叫噪聲的頻率成分變得更加復(fù)雜。2、制動(dòng)片前端接觸時(shí),摩擦系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生劇烈的不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng),尖叫噪聲的強(qiáng)度和頻率最高,且能量分布極不均勻;正常接觸時(shí)尖叫噪聲強(qiáng)度和頻率低于前端接觸,能量分布較均勻;而制動(dòng)片后端接觸時(shí),摩擦系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性良好,幾乎沒有產(chǎn)生尖叫噪聲。制動(dòng)片界面接觸應(yīng)力集中區(qū)域從前端向后端轉(zhuǎn)移后,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和尖叫噪聲表現(xiàn)趨于更好。3、在本試驗(yàn)工況和參數(shù)條件下,不同角度的倒角修飾對抑制和改善尖叫噪聲有不同程度的效果,其中15°倒角修飾抑制和改善尖叫噪聲綜合效果最佳,而開溝修飾對抑制和改善尖叫噪聲沒有明顯效果。制動(dòng)片倒角修飾可以改變接觸應(yīng)力的分布狀況,并進(jìn)一步影響摩擦尖叫噪聲表現(xiàn)。4、利用ABAQUS對制動(dòng)片界面修飾方案進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明倒角修飾后系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng)及尖叫噪聲的時(shí)間更加滯后,且系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng)的傾向更弱。而開溝修飾后系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng)的傾向更強(qiáng),且振動(dòng)可能更加劇烈。5、基于制動(dòng)片/盤滑動(dòng)摩擦狀態(tài)建立一個(gè)三自由度數(shù)學(xué)模型,深入研究接觸傾角θ對系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的影響。結(jié)果表明,接觸傾角θ越大,系統(tǒng)的不穩(wěn)定振動(dòng)更為劇烈,并進(jìn)一步誘導(dǎo)尖叫噪聲產(chǎn)生。倒角修飾后制動(dòng)片與制動(dòng)盤的接觸傾角θ較原始狀態(tài)明顯減小,其系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性較原始狀態(tài)更好,進(jìn)而能夠抑制尖叫噪聲。
[Abstract]:In recent years, disc brakes due to their excellent performance and is widely used in transportation, industrial manufacturing, wind power, nuclear power, brake oil field links and many other fields. Especially with the rapid development of modern transportation vehicles, high-speed rail and other problems, the squeal noise generated in the braking process have become increasingly prominent. And the people of transportation ride comfort requirements of continuous improvement, has become a vehicle brake squeal noise NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) is a prominent issue of concern. However, due to the randomness of strong, complex mechanism and multidisciplinary characteristics of brake squeal noise is always the problem in suspense engineering and academic circles. Therefore, to carry out the brake squeal noise factors generating mechanism and influence, and based on this, further explore the effective method of suppressing the brake squeal noise is Is particularly urgent and important. This research is based on the new friction brake noise test platform is developed, with copper based powder metallurgy brake and forged steel brake discs as friction pair, to study the screaming noise, noise test friction at different braking pressure and contact condition of wear and friction heat effect of interface characteristics. According to the results of the analysis to further explore the effective method to suppress the noise of brake squeal, ditching and chamfer interface modification after comparison test and numerical simulation analysis of the test by using finite element software ABAQUS, study the different interfacial modification effect on friction system instability, instability and vibration characteristics analysis of modified chamfering system from the point of view of dynamics, to explore its inhibition squeal mechanism. The main conclusions are as follows: 1, with the increase of the brake pressure, friction Clean the system unstable vibration intensified, a tendency to produce high strength reinforced brake squeal noise. The pressure is not frequency effect on squeal noise, but will affect the frequency of energy, and large brake pressure will induce the system to produce the response of multi order harmonic squeal frequency component becomes more complex.2, front brake contact when the friction system unstable vibration and squeal noise intensity and the highest frequency, and the energy distribution is uneven; the normal contact screaming noise intensity and frequency is lower than the front contact, the energy distribution is uniform; and the brake pad back contact friction, the system stability is good, almost no contact squealing noise. The stress concentration area of the front end to the rear end transfer brake interface, system stability and squeal performance tends to be better.3, under the experimental conditions and parameters under different angles Chamfer modification with different degrees of effect on inhibiting and improving squeal, the chamfer angle of 15 DEG modification and improve the comprehensive effect of squeal and modification of the best ditching inhibition and improved squeal have no obvious effects. The brake pads can distribution change modified chamfer contact stress, and further affect the squealing noise performance.4 numerical analysis is carried out to verify the brake pad interface modification scheme using ABAQUS, results show that the modified chamfering system unstable vibration and squeal more time lag, and the system has a tendency of unstable vibration is weak. While ditching modified system unstable vibration tends to stronger, and the vibration may be more severe in.5, brake pads disc / sliding friction state to establish a mathematical model of three degrees of freedom based on the in-depth study of contact angle on the stability of the system. The results show that the contact The larger the inclination theta, the more unstable the vibration of the system is, and further induces the squeal. After the chamfer, the contact angle between the brake disc and the brake disc is obviously reduced compared with the original state. The stability of the system is better than that of the original state, so that the squeal noise can be suppressed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH134;TB53

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