【摘要】：如今全球氣候變化對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展造成了嚴(yán)重威脅，人類社會越來越重視化石燃料燃燒產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體對環(huán)境的污染破壞。2011年中國碳排放量占全球的29%，為全球碳排放量最多的國家。但作為制造業(yè)大國，中國接近全球30%的排放量與其他國家消費(fèi)的產(chǎn)品有關(guān)，也就是說不斷擴(kuò)張的出口貿(mào)易是碳排放量增加的驅(qū)動因素，，中國的環(huán)境危機(jī)已經(jīng)影響到整個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和國際形象。加之發(fā)達(dá)國家借環(huán)境保護(hù)之名設(shè)置綠色貿(mào)易壁壘來制裁他國經(jīng)濟(jì)，未來產(chǎn)品的競爭將不僅是技術(shù)和質(zhì)量的競爭，也是節(jié)能環(huán)保水平的競爭。山西作為能源大省，主要出口商品煤炭、焦炭、不銹鋼及金屬鎂均是高能耗、高污染、高排放產(chǎn)品，消耗了大量基礎(chǔ)性資源，對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了極大的破壞，對外貿(mào)易的可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。因此，為解決以上問題，促進(jìn)山西省出口貿(mào)易的持續(xù)、健康、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，必須綜合考慮當(dāng)前國際貿(mào)易新形勢，合理調(diào)整出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)，選擇適宜的出口戰(zhàn)略，發(fā)展低碳出口貿(mào)易。 在低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的潮流下，本文分析總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究成果，得出：國際貿(mào)易也是影響一國能源利用以及二氧化碳等溫室氣體排放的重要因素，而且一個(gè)國家可以簡單地通過進(jìn)口所需產(chǎn)品（最有可能是能源或者碳密集產(chǎn)品）替代國內(nèi)相應(yīng)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)的行為，來減少其國內(nèi)報(bào)告的總排放量。但卻忽略了將實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展與優(yōu)化出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)聯(lián)系起來，缺少從調(diào)整出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)來實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境保護(hù)、降低污染的政策建議。僅有的文獻(xiàn)大多也是就全國而言，具體涉及到某一省份的研究很少。因此本文將視角著眼于山西，著重研究山西該如何優(yōu)化出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)，以適應(yīng)全球低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展趨勢。 本文通過描述山西省低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，分析得出低碳視角下山西省出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)存在的不足之處。接著詳細(xì)分析了山西出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的有利條件與困難，良好的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境、豐富的清潔能源、綜改試驗(yàn)區(qū)的建立及政府政策的支持都是我省出口結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的有利條件，而產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、技術(shù)問題、能源問題和制度問題則是我省面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)。之后對影響山西出口結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的因素進(jìn)行了多元實(shí)證分析，得出產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的改善對出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化有著顯著的正效應(yīng)，短期來看山西省工業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步不足以推動出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展仍然依靠能源的大量消耗，但從長期來看推動出口結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的主要?jiǎng)恿�是技術(shù)進(jìn)步，另外環(huán)境保護(hù)程度的提高對我省出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化也有正向的促進(jìn)作用。最后針對山西的具體省情提出了合理的政策建議，關(guān)鍵是要改善產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、開發(fā)新能源、提高能源利用率、完善綠色金融機(jī)制及財(cái)政稅收優(yōu)惠政策。
[Abstract]:Today, global climate change poses a serious threat to the sustainable development of the economy and society, and human society is paying more and more attention to the pollution and destruction of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion. In 2011, China accounted for 29% of the world's carbon emissions. For the most carbon-emitting countries in the world. But as a manufacturing power, China's nearly 30% global emissions are related to products consumed by other countries, meaning that expanding export trade is the driver of the increase in carbon emissions. China's environmental crisis has affected the economic development and international image of the whole country. In addition, developed countries set up green trade barriers in the name of environmental protection to sanction the economies of other countries, the future competition of products will be not only the competition of technology and quality, but also the competition of energy-saving and environmental protection level. As a major energy province, Shanxi is a major export of coal, coke, stainless steel and magnesium metal are high energy consumption, high pollution, high emission products, consuming a large number of basic resources, causing great damage to the ecological environment. The sustainable development of foreign trade is facing great challenges. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems and promote the sustainable, healthy and stable development of Shanxi's export trade, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the current new international trade situation, rationally adjust the export trade structure, and choose the appropriate export strategy. We will develop low-carbon export trade. Under the trend of low-carbon economy development, this paper analyzes and summarizes the research results of scholars at home and abroad, and concludes that international trade is also an important factor affecting a country's energy use and greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide, and so on. And a country can simply reduce its reported total emissions by simply importing the products it needs (most likely energy or carbon-intensive products) to replace the production of its domestic counterparts. However, it neglects to link the sustainable development with the optimization of export trade structure, and lacks the policy suggestions to realize environmental protection and reduce pollution by adjusting the export trade structure. Most of the literature is also for the whole country, specific to a province of research is rare. Therefore, this paper will focus on Shanxi, focusing on how to optimize the export trade structure, in order to adapt to the development trend of global low-carbon economy. By describing the development of low-carbon economy in Shanxi Province, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of export commodity structure in Shanxi Province from a low-carbon perspective. Then it analyzes in detail the favorable conditions and difficulties of Shanxi export commodity structure optimization, a good socio-economic environment, rich clean energy, the establishment of comprehensive reform experimental areas and the support of government policies are all favorable conditions for optimizing the export structure of Shanxi Province. Industrial structure, economic development, technical problems, energy problems and system problems are the main challenges facing our province. After that, the factors affecting the optimization of Shanxi export structure are analyzed, and the results show that the improvement of industrial structure has a significant positive effect on the optimization of export commodity structure. In the short term, the industrial and technological progress of Shanxi Province is not enough to promote the optimization of the export commodity structure, and the economic development still relies on a large amount of energy consumption, but in the long run, the main driving force to promote the optimization of the export structure is technological progress. In addition, the improvement of environmental protection has a positive effect on the optimization of export trade structure of our province. Finally, some reasonable policy suggestions are put forward for Shanxi province. The key is to improve the industrial structure, develop new energy, improve the energy efficiency, perfect the green financial mechanism and fiscal and tax preferential policies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F752.8;F124.5

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